Download or read book Approche X FEM pour la fissuration sous contact des structures industrielles written by Samuel Geniaut and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le retour d’expérience de la modélisation de la fissuration hélicoïdale hors plan des groupes turbo-alternateurs a montré les limites des approches par maillage des fissures. Les procédures automatiques de maillage sont souvent mises en défaut lors de la présence de plusieurs fissures. Pour en revenir à des maillages plus réguliers, nous nous sommes intéressés à la méthode X-FEM (eXtended Finite Element Method) qui autorise des fissures non maillées dans un cadre éléments finis classique. Cette méthode basée sur la partition de l’unité enrichit la base des fonctions de formes classiques, avec une fonction Heaviside généralisée et des fonctions singulières. La représentation des fissures 3D est rendue aisée par l’utilisation de la méthode des level sets. Pour prendre en compte une possible refermeture des lèvres de la fissure, une méthode mixte de contact a été adaptée, basée sur une méthode de Lagrangien Augmenté. Avec X-FEM, nul appariement n’est nécessaire car les nœuds en vis-à-vis sont en fait qu’un seul et unique nœud qui peut se « dédoubler ». Une stabilisation de la formulation a été nécessaire, afin de respecter une condition de compatibilité (condition LBB) entre les espaces de discrétisations des champs de déplacement et de contact. La formulation élément fini de la discontinuité de fissuration a permis sa mise en œuvre relativement rapide dan un code de mécanique aux élément finis industriel, le Code_Aster développé par EDF

Download or read book Extension de l approche X FEM aux grandes transformations pour la fissuration des milieux hyper lastiques written by Grégory Legrain and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le caoutchouc industriel est présent dans de nombreuses applications industrielles, de la plus basique à la plus technique. Son mode de défaillance prépondérant est la rupture due à la propagation de fissures par fatigue : les sollicitations mécaniques ainsi que l'atmosphère extérieure provoquent dans un premier temps l'apparition d'une amorce de fissure. Sous l'effet des sollicitations mécaniques, cette fissure se propage jusqu'à rupture de la pièce. L'objectif de ce travail est de faciliter la simulation numérique de la propagation de fissures dans les élastomères. Pour cela, la méthode des éléments finis étendus (X-FEM) est considérée. Cette méthode a été développée afin de limiter le recours au remaillage dans le cadre de la fissuration des métaux. En outre, elle permet d'enrichir l'approximation éléments finis par des fonctions provenant de la physique du problème. La première partie de ce travail consiste à adapter cette méthode à la mécanique non-linéaire de la rupture. En particulier, le choix d'une formulation de résolution ainsi que la recherche de fonctions d'enrichissement adaptées sont étudiés. Dans un deuxième temps, l'enrichissement de formulations mixtes pour la gestion de la contrainte d'incompressibilité est détaillé. Des stratégies d'enrichissement ont été développées afin de préserver la stabilité de ces formulations. Ces dernières permettent la vérification de la condition inf-sup dans le cas des trous, inclusions et fissures sous l'hypothèse des petites perturbations. Enfin dans une troisième partie, le concept de forces configurationnelles est appliqué comme critère directionnel pour la propagation de fissures 2D et 3D. Un intérêt tout particulier est porté à l'amélioration de la robustesse de l'évaluation numérique de cette grandeur.

Download or read book Mod lisation 3D de la propagation de fissure sous fatigue de contact roulant par couplage des m thodes SAM et X FEM written by Florian Meray and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les phénomènes de fissuration liés à la fatigue de contact roulant sont aujourd'hui identifiés comme la principale source de défaillance des roulements qui composent les systèmes de transmission d'hélicoptères. En effet, le passage répété des éléments roulants peut conduire à l'amorçage de fissures sur la piste de roulement, se propageant par la suite en sous-couche selon des mécanismes tridimensionnels qui restent à éclaircir. Pour améliorer la connaissance du comportement des fissures sous sollicitation de contact, une modélisation fine de ces mécanismes complexes 3D de propagation est réalisée dans ce travail. D'abord, un couplage des méthodes SAM (Semi-Analytical Method) et X-FEM (eXtented Finite Element Method) basé sur une approche global/local descendante est proposé pour modéliser efficacement le comportement d'une fissure 3D sous fatigue de contact roulant. Les performances de l'approche SAM/X-FEM en termes de précision et de rapidité sont démontrées à travers plusieurs exemples numériques de même que sa robustesse pour traiter la propagation de ce type de fissure. Les développements sont validés en s'appuyant sur des résultats issus de la littérature mais également à l'aide d'une comparaison avec un code de calcul éléments finis industriel. Ensuite, une application du couplage SAM/X-FEM est proposée. Plus précisément, une analyse numérique basée sur des données expérimentales bi-disques est réalisée. En s'appuyant sur une reconstruction des géométries 3D des fissures à partir d'observations post-mortem des écailles et des faciès de rupture, des modèles SAM/X-FEM représentatifs des essais bi-disques sont définis pour comprendre les mécanismes tridimensionnels qui pilotent la propagation des fissures en extrême surface. Une quantification des temps de propagation est également réalisée puis comparée aux observations expérimentales. Il en est de même pour les directions de propagation. Finalement, grâce à la fiabilité et la robustesse du couplage SAM/X-FEM, une étude paramétrique exhaustive est effectuée pour examiner l'influence des différents paramètres du problème sur le comportement des fissures sous contact roulant. Les résultats de cette analyse paramétrique sont utilisés pour décrire qualitativement les mécanismes de fissuration observés sur la flotte. Ils pourront également servir de support à la définition de nouveaux critères de design pour les composants mécaniques sujets à ce type d'avaries.

Download or read book Propagation de fissures en fatigue par une approche X FEM avec raffinement automatique de maillage written by Gaël Gibert and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dans cette thèse, une nouvelle approche est présentée, combinant la méthode des éléments finis étendus (X-FEM) et un raffinement adaptatif et automatique de maillage (AMR). La méthode X-FEM, développée durant les deux dernières par une importante communauté, a prouvé son efficacité pour gérer l'évolution de discontinuités dans de nombreux problèmes de mécanique de la rupture. Comme cette méthode permet de décrire la fissure indépendamment du maillage de la structure, un raffinement hiérarchique relativement simple peut être appliqué sur ce dernier pour adapter localement l'échelle de discrétisation à celle des phénomènes physiques mis en jeux. Cela permet d'obtenir une description précise de quantités physiques d'intérêt dans une zone limitée autour du front de fissure et réduire considérablement le coût numérique, particulièrement lorsque le trajet de propagation n'est pas connu a priori. Dans ce travail, on propose une stratégie pour combiner X-FEM et AMR : les relations de compatibilité cinématique et les méthodes de projection nécessaires pour les matériaux dépendant de l'histoire de chargement doivent inclure correctement le modèle d'enrichissement. L'implémentation de cette approche combinant X-FEM et AMR, dans le code éléments finis industriel Cast3M, est présentée en détails. En particulier, une nouvelle méthode de projection spécifique à ce contexte est proposée. Des applications numériques et une étude expérimentale de propagation par fatigue en plasticité confinée ont été réalisées pour démontrer la précision, la robustesse et l'efficacité de cette méthode.

Download or read book Extension de l approche XFEM en dynamique rapide pour la propagation tridimensionnelle de fissure dans les mat riaux ductiles written by Romains Pelée de Saint Maurice and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Symmetric Galerkin Boundary Element Method written by Alok Sutradhar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symmetric Galerkin Boundary Element Method presents an introduction as well as recent developments of this accurate, powerful, and versatile method. The formulation possesses the attractive feature of producing a symmetric coefficient matrix. In addition, the Galerkin approximation allows standard continuous elements to be used for evaluation of hypersingular integrals. FEATURES • Written in a form suitable for a graduate level textbook as well as a self-learning tutorial in the field. • Covers applications in two-dimensional and three-dimensional problems of potential theory and elasticity. Additional basic topics involve axisymmetry, multi-zone and interface formulations. More advanced topics include fluid flow (wave breaking over a sloping beach), non-homogeneous media, functionally graded materials (FGMs), anisotropic elasticity, error estimation, adaptivity, and fracture mechanics. • Presents integral equations as a basis for the formulation of general symmetric Galerkin boundary element methods and their corresponding numerical implementation. • Designed to convey effective unified procedures for the treatment of singular and hypersingular integrals that naturally arise in the method. Symbolic codes using Maple® for singular-type integrations are provided and discussed in detail. • The user-friendly adaptive computer code BEAN (Boundary Element ANalysis), fully written in Matlab®, is available as a companion to the text. The complete source code, including the graphical user-interface (GUI), can be downloaded from the web site http://www.ghpaulino.com/SGBEM_book. The source code can be used as the basis for building new applications, and should also function as an effective teaching tool. To facilitate the use of BEAN, a video tutorial and a library of practical examples are provided.

Download or read book Spaces and Identities in Border Regions written by Christian Wille and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial and identity research operates with differentiations and relations. These are particularly useful heuristic tools when examining border regions where social and geopolitical demarcations diverge. Applying this approach, the authors of this volume investigate spatial and identity constructions in cross-border contexts as they appear in everyday, institutional and media practices. The results are discussed with a keen eye for obliquely aligned spaces and identities and relinked to governmental issues of normalization and subjectivation. The studies base upon empirical surveys conducted in Germany, France, Belgium and Luxembourg.

Download or read book Terra 2008 written by Leslie Rainer and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-14 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.

Download or read book The French Revolution in Global Perspective written by Suzanne Desan and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Situating the French Revolution in the context of early modern globalization for the first time, this book offers a new approach to understanding its international origins and worldwide effects. A distinguished group of contributors shows that the political culture of the Revolution emerged out of a long history of global commerce, imperial competition, and the movement of people and ideas in places as far flung as India, Egypt, Guiana, and the Caribbean. This international approach helps to explain how the Revolution fused immense idealism with territorial ambition and combined the drive for human rights with various forms of exclusion. The essays examine topics including the role of smuggling and free trade in the origins of the French Revolution, the entwined nature of feminism and abolitionism, and the influence of the French revolutionary wars on the shape of American empire. The French Revolution in Global Perspective illuminates the dense connections among the cultural, social, and economic aspects of the French Revolution, revealing how new political forms-at once democratic and imperial, anticolonial and centralizing-were generated in and through continual transnational exchanges and dialogues. Contributors: Rafe Blaufarb, Florida State University; Ian Coller, La Trobe University; Denise Davidson, Georgia State University; Suzanne Desan, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Lynn Hunt, University of California, Los Angeles; Andrew Jainchill, Queen's University; Michael Kwass, The Johns Hopkins University; William Max Nelson, University of Toronto; Pierre Serna, Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne; Miranda Spieler, University of Arizona; Charles Walton, Yale University

Download or read book Faecal Sludge Management written by Linda Strande and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.

Download or read book Extended Finite Element Method written by Amir R. Khoei and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-23 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the theory and applications of the extended finite element method (XFEM) in the linear and nonlinear problems of continua, structures and geomechanics Explores the concept of partition of unity, various enrichment functions, and fundamentals of XFEM formulation. Covers numerous applications of XFEM including fracture mechanics, large deformation, plasticity, multiphase flow, hydraulic fracturing and contact problems Accompanied by a website hosting source code and examples

Download or read book Non Linear Mechanics of Materials written by Jacques Besson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In mechanical engineering and structural analysis there is a significant gap between the material models currently used by engineers for industry applications and those already available in research laboratories. This is especially apparent with the huge progress of computational possibilities and the corresponding dissemination of numerical tools in engineering practice, which essentially deliver linear solutions. Future improvements of design and life assessment methods necessarily involve non-linear solutions for inelastic responses, in plasticity or viscoplasticity, as well as damage and fracture analyses. The dissemination of knowledge can be improved by software developments, data base completion and generalization, but also by information and training. With such a perspective Non-Linear Mechanics of Materials proposes a knowledge actualization, in order to better understand and use recent material constitutive and damage modeling methods in the context of structural analysis or multiscale material microstructure computations.

Download or read book Composite Materials written by Jean-Marie Berthelot and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-02-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanical engineering, an engineering discipline borne of the needs of the in dustrial revolution, is once again asked to do its substantial share in the call for industrial renewal. The general call is urgent as we face profound issues of produc tivity and competitiveness that require engineering solutions, among others. The Mechanical Engineering Series features graduate texts and research monographs intended to address the need for information in contemporary areas of mechanical engineering. The series is conceived as a comprehensive one that covers a broad range of concentrations important to mechanical engineering graduate education and re search. We are fortunate to have a distinguished roster of consulting editors on the advisory board, each an expert in one of the areas of concentration. The names of the consulting editors are listed on the next page of this volume. The areas of concentration are applied mechanics, biomechanics, computational mechan ics, dynamic systems and control, energetics, mechanics of materials, processing, thermal science, and tribology.

Download or read book Conservation Regeneration the Modernist Neighbourhood written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fracture Mechanics and Crack Growth written by Naman Recho and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-27 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent advances related to the following two topics: how mechanical fields close to material or geometrical singularities such as cracks can be determined; how failure criteria can be established according to the singularity degrees related to these discontinuities. Concerning the determination of mechanical fields close to a crack tip, the first part of the book presents most of the traditional methods in order to classify them into two major categories. The first is based on the stress field, such as the Airy function, and the second resolves the problem from functions related to displacement fields. Following this, a new method based on the Hamiltonian system is presented in great detail. Local and energetic approaches to fracture are used in order to determine the fracture parameters such as stress intensity factor and energy release rate. The second part of the book describes methodologies to establish the critical fracture loads and the crack growth criteria. Singular fields for homogeneous and non-homogeneous problems near crack tips, v-notches, interfaces, etc. associated with the crack initiation and propagation laws in elastic and elastic-plastic media, allow us to determine the basis of failure criteria. Each phenomenon studied is dealt with according to its conceptual and theoretical modeling, to its use in the criteria of fracture resistance; and finally to its implementation in terms of feasibility and numerical application. Contents 1. Introduction. Part 1: Stress Field Analysis Close to the Crack Tip 2. Review of Continuum Mechanics and the Behavior Laws. 3. Overview of Fracture Mechanics. 4. Fracture Mechanics. 5. Introduction to the Finite Element Analysis of Cracked Structures. Part 2: Crack Growth Criteria 6. Crack Propagation. 7. Crack Growth Prediction in Elements of Steel Structures Submitted to Fatigue. 8. Potential Use of Crack Propagation Laws in Fatigue Life Design.

Download or read book Frontline and Factory written by Roy MacLeod and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a first considered attempt to study the factors that conditioned industrial chemistry for war in 1914-18. Taking a comparative perspective, it reflects on the experience of France, Germany, Austria, Russia, Britain, Italy and Russia, and points to significant similarities and differences. It looks at changing patterns in the organisation of industry, and at the emerging symbiosis between science, industry and the military.

Download or read book Instabilit s Plastiques written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: