Download or read book Approach for Tank Safety Characterization of Hanford Site Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Risk based Focused Decision management Approach for Justifying Characterization of Hanford Tank Waste June 1996 Revision 1 April 1997 Revision 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a disciplined, risk-based decision-making approach for determining characterization needs and resolving safety issues during the storage and remediation of radioactive waste stored in Hanford tanks. The strategy recommended uses interactive problem evaluation and decision analysis methods commonly used in industry to solve problems under conditions of uncertainty (i.e., lack of perfect knowledge). It acknowledges that problem resolution comes through both the application of high-quality science and human decisions based upon preferences and sometimes hard-to-compare choices. It recognizes that to firmly resolve a safety problem, the controlling waste characteristics and chemical phenomena must be measurable or estimated to an acceptable level of confidence tailored to the decision being made.

Download or read book Data Quality Objectives Process Applied to Characterization of Hanford Tanks Containing Ferrocyanide written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1944, underground storage tanks located at the Hanford Site in Richland, Washington, have stored approximately 277,000 m3 (60 Mgal) of highly radioactive and non-radioactive wastes. Recently, a number of safety issues have arisen concerning these tanks, with regard to worker and public health. The US Department of Energy (DOE) has made the resolution of these safety concerns its number one priority at the Hanford Site. The safety program of the Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) was developed to provide an integrated approach to resolution of these waste tank safety issues and safety concerns. The Characterization Program within TWRS is responsible for characterizing the wastes contained in the tanks. To ensure that characterization activities provide data that will be adequate to resolve safety concerns, the Data Quality Objectives (DQO) process is being implemented.

Download or read book Waste Tank Safety Screening Module an Aspect of Hanford Site Tank Waste Characterization written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Characterization Strategy Report for the Criticality Safety Issue written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-level radioactive waste from nuclear fuels processing is stored in underground waste storage tanks located in the tank farms on the Hanford Site. Waste in tank storage contains low concentrations of fissile isotopes, primarily U-235 and Pu-239. The composition and the distribution of the waste components within the storage environment is highly complex and not subject to easy investigation. An important safety concern is the preclusion of a self-sustaining neutron chain reaction, also known as a nuclear criticality. A thorough technical evaluation of processes, phenomena, and conditions is required to make sure that subcriticality will be ensured for both current and future tank operations. Subcriticality limits must be based on considerations of tank processes and take into account all chemical and geometrical phenomena that are occurring in the tanks. The important chemical and physical phenomena are those capable of influencing the mixing of fissile material and neutron absorbers such that the degree of subcriticality could be adversely impacted. This report describes a logical approach to resolving the criticality safety issues in the Hanford waste tanks. The approach uses a structured logic diagram (SLD) to identify the characterization needed to quantify risk. The scope of this section of the report is limited to those branches of logic needed to quantify the risk associated with a criticality event occurring. The process is linked to a conceptual model that depicts key modes of failure which are linked to the SLD. Data that are needed include adequate knowledge of the chemical and geometric form of the materials of interest. This information is used to determine how much energy the waste would release in the various domains of the tank, the toxicity of the region associated with a criticality event, and the probability of the initiating criticality event.

Download or read book A Risk based Focused Decision management Approach for Justifying Characterization of Hanford Tank Waste written by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An End State Methodology for Identifying Technology Needs for Environmental Management with an Example from the Hanford Site Tanks written by Committee on Technologies for Cleanup of High-Level Waste in Tanks in the DOE Weapons Complex and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-30 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major issue in the cleanup of this country's nuclear weapons complex is how to dispose of the radioactive waste resulting primarily from the chemical processing operations for the recovery of plutonium and other defense strategic nuclear materials. The wastes are stored in hundreds of large underground tanks at four U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites throughout the United States. The tanks contain hundreds of thousands of cubic meters of radioactive and hazardous waste. Most of it is high-level waste (HLW), some of it is transuranic (TRU) or low- level waste (LLW), and essentially all containing significant amounts of chemicals deemed hazardous. Of the 278 tanks involved, about 70 are known or assumed to have leaked some of their contents to the environment. The remediation of the tanks and their contents requires the development of new technologies to enable cleanup and minimize costs while meeting various health, safety, and environmental objectives. While DOE has a process based on stakeholder participation for screening and formulating technology needs, it lacks transparency (in terms of being apparent to all concerned decision makers and other interested parties) and a systematic basis (in terms of identifying end states for the contaminants and developing pathways to these states from the present conditions). An End State Methodology for Identifying Technology Needs for Environmental Management, with an Example from the Hanford Site Tanks describes an approach for identifying technology development needs that is both systematic and transparent to enhance the cleanup and remediation of the tank contents and their sites. The authoring committee believes that the recommended end state based approach can be applied to DOE waste management in general, not just to waste in tanks. The approach is illustrated through an example based on the tanks at the DOE Hanford Site in southeastern Washington state, the location of some 60 percent by volume of the tank waste residues.

Download or read book Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation Systems TWRS Management and Disposal of Radioactive Hazardous and Mixed Wastes City of Richland Grant County written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Safety Criteria for Organic Watch List Tanks at the Hanford Site written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document reviews the hazards associated with the storage of organic complexant salts in Hanford Site high-level waste single- shell tanks. The results of this analysis were used to categorize tank wastes as safe, unconditionally safe, or unsafe. Sufficient data were available to categorize 67 tanks; 63 tanks were categorized as safe, and four tanks were categorized as conditionally safe. No tanks were categorized as unsafe. The remaining 82 SSTs lack sufficient data to be categorized. Historic tank data and an analysis of variance model were used to prioritize the remaining tanks for characterization.

Download or read book Hanford Waste Tank Safety Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents an overview of the potential high-activity waste safety issues in the 177 underground radioactive waste storage tanks at the Hanford Site. Also, included is a discussion of the strategy and plans to remedy hazardous conditions and remove other deficiencies related to the operation of the tanks. A three-pronged multimillion dollar integrated program has been initiated that (1) assesses and, on an as needed basis, defines remediation and/or mitigation actions to allow interim stabilization of high risk waste tanks; (2) upgrades existing facilities and instrumentation to meet current nuclear facility operations standards; and (3) addresses and upgrades the conduct of operations. For tanks that are considered at risk, extensive management controls presently are employed to ensure that the tanks continue to be maintained in a safe manner. In addition, comprehensive monitoring, characterization and applied research, and engineering efforts have been initiated to support resolution of safety issues. A key element of the Westinghouse Hanford Company effort is preventing future problems associated with creating potentially incompatible wastes as part of waste management activities associated with the planned disposal of the wastes in these storage tanks. Such efforts also will provide the basis for safe near future remediation of tanks and define and maintain the envelope of safety to support the ultimate disposal of all high- activity waste in Hanford Site tanks. 6 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.

Download or read book Waste Characterization Plan for the Hanford Site Single shell Tanks written by J. G. Hill and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This appendix describes the sampling and analysis of the next ten single-shell tanks (SST) following the successful of SSTs B-201 and B-202. SST T-203 shall not be core sampled sequentially after B-201 and B-202, as originally planned, because this tank would not have provided information on tank safety issues and it contains an identical waste type as the previous two SSTs. Therefore, sampling and analysis of T-203 at the present time was considered repetitious and not an efficient utilization of the limited available resources. This test plan will outline methodology for characterization of the next ten SSTs, summarize lessons learned in the laboratory during Phase IA/IB, identify criteria for tank selection, and detail the analysis to be performed during the characterization of each tank. The sampling, analysis, and data collection, detailed by the this test plan, are being performed to support the final SST closure date of 2,018 identified in the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (Tri-Party Agreement).

Download or read book Tank Waste Characterization at the Hanford Site written by David Lowe and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nuclear Waste written by Gene Aloise and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-02 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dept. of Energy (DoE) manages more than 56 million gallons of radioactive and hazardous waste stored in 177 underground tanks at its Hanford Site in Wash. State. Many of these aging tanks have already leaked waste into the soil. Meanwhile, DoE¿s planned process for emptying the tanks and treating the waste has experienced delays, lengthening the time the tanks will store waste and intensifying concerns about the tanks¿ viability during a long cleanup process. This report addresses: (1) the condition, contents, and long-term viability of Hanford¿s underground tanks; (2) DoE¿s strategy for managing the tanks; and (3) the extent to which DoE has weighed the risks and benefits of its tank mgmt. strategy against the growing costs of that strategy. Illustrations.

Download or read book Hanford Site Waste Tank Characterization written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Benedictae Virginis Cellensis Historia sub auspiciis D Benedicti abbatis ad S Lambertum written by and published by . This book was released on 1645 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recommendation 93 5 Implementation Plan May 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On July 19, 1993, the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board transmitted Recommendation 93-5 on the Hanford Waste Tank Characterization Studies to the Department of Energy. The recommendation was accepted on September 9, 1993. Recommendation 93-5 noted that there was insufficient tank waste technical information to ensure that Hanford Site wastes could be safely stored, that associated operations could be conducted safely, and that future disposal data requirements could be met. As a result the Board recommended that the characterization effort be upgraded and expedited. The original Implementation Plan was accepted by the Board in March 1994. This Implementation Plan revision presents a modified approach to achieve the original Implementation Plan objectives. The approach concentrates on actions necessary to ensure that wastes can be safely stored, that operations can be safely conducted, and that timely characterization information for the tank waste Disposal Program can be obtained. Since Recommendation 93-5 was issued, significant progress has been achieved in understanding tank safety- related phenomena, resolving tank safety issues, and enhancing the capability and efficiency of tank characterization. Reviewing this progress led to the realization that tank safety issues could not be resolved solely by accelerating sampling and analysis to improve the characterization of tank contents. The key to expediting resolution was to better understand safety-related phenomena that cause the safety issues. A revised characterization and safety strategy evolved. The characterization and safety strategy presented in this Implementation Plan revision builds on the improved understanding and significant progress made to date. The revision is multifaceted and consists of the key elements listed: (1) Maintain tanks in an interim configuration using safety controls and, where necessary, mitigative actions. (2) Upgrade and complete the Authorization Basis for the Tank Farms. This includes producing a Basis for Interim Operation, Final Safety Analysis Report, Technical Safety Requirements, Compliance Implementation Plan, and Safety Evaluation Report. (3) Complete the ongoing programs to resolve the ferrocyanide, organic complexants, organic solvents, flammable gas, high heat, and criticality safety issues. (4) Analyze core samples from key tanks (referred to as the High Priority Tanks) to understand phenomena and resolve issues associated with groups of tanks. These tanks were selected by integrating the information needs of the Safety and Disposal Programs. Appendix F provides a summary of the High Priority Tanks identified and the basis for information requested.

Download or read book Characterization Strategy Report for the Organic Safety Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a logical approach to resolving potential safety issues resulting from the presence of organic components in hanford tank wastes. The approach uses a structured logic diagram (SLD) to provide a pathway for quantifying organic safety issue risk. The scope of the report is limited to selected organics (i.e., solvents and complexants) that were added to the tanks and their degradation products. The greatest concern is the potential exothermic reactions that can occur between these components and oxidants, such as sodium nitrate, that are present in the waste tanks. The organic safety issue is described in a conceptual model that depicts key modes of failure-event reaction processes in tank systems and phase domains (domains are regions of the tank that have similar contents) that are depicted with the SLD. Applying this approach to quantify risk requires knowing the composition and distribution of the organic and inorganic components to determine (1) how much energy the waste would release in the various domains, (2) the toxicity of the region associated with a disruptive event, and (3) the probability of an initiating reaction. Five different characterization options are described, each providing a different level of quality in calculating the risks involved with organic safety issues. Recommendations include processing existing data through the SLD to estimate risk, developing models needed to link more complex characterization information for the purpose of estimating risk, and examining correlations between the characterization approaches for optimizing information quality while minimizing cost in estimating risk.