Download or read book Application of Monte Carlo Simulations to the Development of Energy and Intensity modulated Electron Beam Radiation Therapy written by Michael C. Lee and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monte Carlo Treatment Planning with Modulated Electron Radiotherapy written by Andrew William Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the field of medical physics, Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations are considered to be the most accurate method for the determination of dose distributions in patients. The McGill Monte Carlo treatment planning system (MMCTP), provides a flexible software environment to integrate Monte Carlo simulations with current and new treatment modalities. A developing treatment modality called energy and intensity modulated electron radiotherapy (MERT) is a promising modality, which has the fundamental capabilities to enhance the dosimetry of superficial targets. An objective of this work is to advance the research and development of MERT with the end goal of clinical use. To this end, we present the MMCTP system with an integrated toolkit for MERT planning and delivery of MERT fields. Delivery is achieved using an automated "few leaf electron collimator" (FLEC) and a controller. Aside from the MERT planning toolkit, the MMCTP system required numerous...

Download or read book Advanced Monte Carlo for Radiation Physics Particle Transport Simulation and Applications written by Andreas Kling and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-22 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the state of the art of Monte Carlo methods in radiation physics and particle transport simulation and applications. Special attention is paid to algorithm development for modeling, and the analysis of experiments and measurements in a variety of fields.

Download or read book Measurement and Monte Carlo Simulation of Electron Fields for Modulated Electron Radiation Therapy written by Samantha A. M. Lloyd and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work establishes a framework for Monte Carlo simulations of complex, modulated electron fields produced by Varian's TrueBeam medical linear accelerator for investigations into modulated electron radiation therapy (MERT) and combined modulated photon and electron radiation therapy (MPERT). Both MERT and MPERT have shown potential for reduced low dose to normal tissue without compromising target coverage in the external beam radiation therapy of some breast, chest wall, head and neck, and scalp cancers. This reduction in low dose could translate into the reduction of immediate radiation side effects as well as long term morbidities and incidence of secondary cancers.Monte Carlo dose calculations are widely accepted as the gold standard for complex radiation therapy dose modelling, and are used almost exclusively for modelling the complex electron fields involved in MERT and MPERT. The introduction of Varian's newest linear accelerator, the TrueBeam, necessitated the development of new Monte Carlo models in order to further research into the potential role of MERT and MPERT in radiation therapy. This was complicated by the fact that the field independent internal schematics of TrueBeam were kept proprietary, unlike in previous generations of Varian accelerators.Two approaches are presented for performing Monte Carlo simulations of complex electron fields produced by TrueBeam. In the first approach, the dosimetric characteristics of electron fields produced by the TrueBeam were first compared with those produced by an older Varian accelerator, the Clinac 21EX. Differences in depth and profile characteristics of fields produced by the TrueBeam and those produced by the Clianc 21EX were found to be within 3%/3 mm. Given this information, complete accelerator models of the Clinac 21EX, based on its known internal geometry, were then successfully modified in order to simulate 12 and 20 MeV electron fields produced by the TrueBeam to within 2%/2 mm of measured depth and profile curves and to within 3.7% of measured relative output. While the 6 MeV TrueBeam model agreed with measured depth and profile data to within 3%/3 mm, the modified Clinac 21EX model was unable to reproduce trends in relative output as a function of fieldsize with acceptable accuracy.The second approach to modelling TrueBeam electron fields used phase-space source files provided by Varian that were scored below the field-independent portions of the accelerator head geometry. These phase-spaces were first validated for use in MERT and MPERT applications, in which simulations using the phase-space source files were shown to model depth dose curves that agreed with measurement within 2%/2 mm and profile curves that agreed with measurement within 3%/3 mm. Simulated changes in output as a function of field size fell within 2.7%, for the most part.In order to inform the positioning of jaws in MLC-shaped electron field delivery, the change in output as a function of jaw position for fixed MLC-apertures was investigated using the phase-space source files. In order to achieve maximum output and minimize treatment time, a jaw setting between 5 and 10 cm beyond the MLC- field setting is recommended at 6 MeV, while 5 cm or closer is recommended for 12 and 20 MeV with the caveat that output is most sensitive to jaw position when the jaws are very close to the MLC-field periphery. Additionally, output was found to be highly sensitive to jaw model. A change in divergence of the jaw faces from a point on the source plane to a 3x3 mm^2 square in the source plane changed the shape of the output curve dramatically.Finally, electron backscatter from the jaws into the monitor ionization chamber of the TrueBeam was measured and simulated to enable accurate absolute dose calculations. Two approaches were presented for measuring backscatter into the monitor ionization chamber without specialized electronics by turning o the dose and pulse forming network servos. Next, a technique was applied for simulating backscatter factors for the TrueBeam phase-space source models without the exact specifications of the monitor ionization chamber. By using measured backscatter factors, the forwarddose component in a virtual chamber was determined and then used to calculate backscatter factors for arbitrary fields to within 0.21%. Backscatter from the jaws was found to contribute up to 2.6% of the overall monitor chamber signal. The measurement techniques employed were not sensitive enough to quantify backscatter from the MLC, however, Monte Carlo simulations predicted this contribution to be 0.3%, at most, verifying that this component can be neglected.

Download or read book Monte Carlo Methods for Radiation Transport written by Oleg N. Vassiliev and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a guide to the use of Monte Carlo techniques in radiation transport. This topic is of great interest for medical physicists. Praised as a "gold standard" for accurate radiotherapy dose calculations, Monte Carlo has stimulated a high level of research activity that has produced thousands of papers within the past few years. The book is designed primarily to address the needs of an academically inclined medical physicist who wishes to learn the technique, as well as experienced users of standard Monte Carlo codes who wish to gain insight into the underlying mathematics of Monte Carlo algorithms. The book focuses on the fundamentals—giving full attention to and explaining the very basic concepts. It also includes advanced topics and covers recent advances such as transport of charged particles in magnetic fields and the grid-based solvers of the Boltzmann equation.

Download or read book Monte Carlo Dose Calculations for Clinical Electron and Intensity Modulated Photon Beams in Radiotherapy written by Ajay Kapur and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monte Carlo Calculations in Nuclear Medicine Second Edition written by Michael Ljungberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-11-06 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From first principles to current computer applications, Monte Carlo Calculations in Nuclear Medicine, Second Edition: Applications in Diagnostic Imaging covers the applications of Monte Carlo calculations in nuclear medicine and critically reviews them from a diagnostic perspective. Like the first edition, this book explains the Monte Carlo method and the principles behind SPECT and PET imaging, introduces the reader to some Monte Carlo software currently in use, and gives the reader a detailed idea of some possible applications of Monte Carlo in current research in SPECT and PET. New chapters in this edition cover codes and applications in pre-clinical PET and SPECT. The book explains how Monte Carlo methods and software packages can be applied to evaluate scatter in SPECT and PET imaging, collimation, and image deterioration. A guide for researchers and students developing methods to improve image resolution, it also demonstrates how Monte Carlo techniques can be used to simulate complex imaging systems.

Download or read book Therapeutic Applications of Monte Carlo Calculations in Nuclear Medicine written by H. Zaidi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-09-01 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Therapeutic Applications of Monte Carlo Calculations in Nuclear Medicine examines the applications of Monte Carlo (MC) calculations in therapeutic nuclear medicine, from basic principles to computer implementations of software packages and their applications in radiation dosimetry and treatment planning. With chapters written by recognized authorit

Download or read book High Energy Electron Beams in Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy written by Erik Willem Korevaar and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proton Therapy Physics written by Harald Paganetti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton Therapy Physics goes beyond current books on proton therapy to provide an in-depth overview of the physics aspects of this radiation therapy modality, eliminating the need to dig through information scattered in the medical physics literature. After tracing the history of proton therapy, the book summarizes the atomic and nuclear physics background necessary for understanding proton interactions with tissue. It describes the physics of proton accelerators, the parameters of clinical proton beams, and the mechanisms to generate a conformal dose distribution in a patient. The text then covers detector systems and measuring techniques for reference dosimetry, outlines basic quality assurance and commissioning guidelines, and gives examples of Monte Carlo simulations in proton therapy. The book moves on to discussions of treatment planning for single- and multiple-field uniform doses, dose calculation concepts and algorithms, and precision and uncertainties for nonmoving and moving targets. It also examines computerized treatment plan optimization, methods for in vivo dose or beam range verification, the safety of patients and operating personnel, and the biological implications of using protons from a physics perspective. The final chapter illustrates the use of risk models for common tissue complications in treatment optimization. Along with exploring quality assurance issues and biological considerations, this practical guide collects the latest clinical studies on the use of protons in treatment planning and radiation monitoring. Suitable for both newcomers in medical physics and more seasoned specialists in radiation oncology, the book helps readers understand the uncertainties and limitations of precisely shaped dose distribution.

Download or read book Monte Carlo in Heavy Charged Particle Therapy written by Pablo Cirrone and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-11-08 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the current difficulties and unsolved problems in the field of particle therapy and, after analysing them, discusses how (and if) innovative Monte Carlo approaches can be used to solve them. Each book chapter is dedicated to a different sub-discipline, including multi-ion treatments, flash-radiotherapy, laser-accelerated beams, nanoparticles effects, binary reactions to enhance radiobiology, and space-related issues. This is the first book able to provide a comprehensive insight into this exciting field and the growing use of Monte Carlo in medical physics. It will be of interest to graduate students in medicine and medical physics, in addition to researchers and clinical staff. Key Features: Explores the exciting and interdisciplinary topic of Monte Carlo in particle therapy and medicine. Addresses common challenges in the field. Edited by an authority on the subject, with chapter contributions from specialists. Pablo Cirrone is a medical physicist and researcher at the Laboratori Nazionali del Sud of INFN, Italy, where he supports and coordinates various experimental groups. Dr. Cirrone is an expert in the use of proton and ion in radiation treatment and of absolute and relative dosimetry in electron, photon and ion beam. He is an expert in the development and test of detectors for medical applications, of the production and use of laser-driven beams for medical and multidisciplinary applications and recipient of the Michael Gotein Award. He is active on many scientific committees and organizes national and international conferences. Giada Petringa is a researcher at the Laboratori Nazionali del Sud of INFN, Italy. Dr. Petringa has a professional experience in the field of Monte Carlo simulations for medical applications, dosimetry, microdosimetry, and diagnostics with conventional and laser-driven proton beams. In 2019 she had a MSCA-IF-2019 (Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions-Individual Fellowship) grant funded by the European Community in the framework of the H2020 program. She is a member of the Editorial Board of the international journal Physica Medica - European Journal of Medical. She organized more than fifteen international Geant4 Schools. She is an official member of the Geant4 code Collaboration at CERN since 2019. She is a code developer, and she collaborates to maintain two of the official examples of the code.

Download or read book Monte Carlo Techniques in Radiation Therapy written by Joao Seco and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern cancer treatment relies on Monte Carlo simulations to help radiotherapists and clinical physicists better understand and compute radiation dose from imaging devices as well as exploit four-dimensional imaging data. With Monte Carlo-based treatment planning tools now available from commercial vendors, a complete transition to Monte Carlo-base

Download or read book Monte Carlo Techniques in Radiation Therapy written by Frank Verhaegen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-29 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About ten years after the first edition comes this second edition of Monte Carlo Techniques in Radiation Therapy: Introduction, Source Modelling, and Patient Dose Calculations, thoroughly updated and extended with the latest topics, edited by Frank Verhaegen and Joao Seco. This book aims to provide a brief introduction to the history and basics of Monte Carlo simulation, but again has a strong focus on applications in radiotherapy. Since the first edition, Monte Carlo simulation has found many new applications, which are included in detail. The applications sections in this book cover the following: Modelling transport of photons, electrons, protons, and ions Modelling radiation sources for external beam radiotherapy Modelling radiation sources for brachytherapy Design of radiation sources Modelling dynamic beam delivery Patient dose calculations in external beam radiotherapy Patient dose calculations in brachytherapy Use of artificial intelligence in Monte Carlo simulations This book is intended for both students and professionals, both novice and experienced, in medical radiotherapy physics. It combines overviews of development, methods, and references to facilitate Monte Carlo studies.

Download or read book Monte Carlo Dose Calculations in Advanced Radiotherapy written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The remarkable accuracy of Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation algorithms has led to the widely accepted view that these methods should and will play a central role in the radiotherapy treatment verification and planning of the future. The advantages of using MC clinically are particularly evident for radiation fields passing through inhomogeneities, such as lung and air cavities, and for small fields, including those used in today's advanced intensity modulated radiotherapy techniques. Many investigators have reported significant dosimetric differences between MC and conventional dose calculations in such complex situations, and have demonstrated experimentally the unmatched ability of MC calculations in modeling charged particle disequilibrium. The advantages of using MC dose calculations do come at a cost. The nature of MC dose calculations require a highly detailed, in-depth representation of the physical system (accelerator head geometry/composition, anatomical patient geometry/composition and particle interaction physics) to allow accurate modeling of external beam radiation therapy treatments. To perform such simulations is computationally demanding and has only recently become feasible within mainstream radiotherapy practices. In addition, the output of the accelerator head simulation can be highly sensitive to inaccuracies within a model that may not be known with sufficient detail. The goal of this dissertation is to both improve and advance the implementation of MC dose calculations in modern external beam radiotherapy. To begin, a novel method is proposed to fine-tune the output of an accelerator model to better represent the measured output. In this method an intensity distribution of the electron beam incident on the model is inferred by employing a simulated annealing algorithm. The method allows an investigation of arbitrary electron beam intensity distributions and is not restricted to the commonly assumed Gaussian intensity. In a second component of.

Download or read book Radiation Oncology Physics written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is aimed at students and teachers involved in teaching programmes in field of medical radiation physics, and it covers the basic medical physics knowledge required in the form of a syllabus for modern radiation oncology. The information will be useful to those preparing for professional certification exams in radiation oncology, medical physics, dosimetry or radiotherapy technology.

Download or read book Monte Carlo Simulation of Energy Intensity Distributions for Electron Beam Lithography written by Tracey Ann Fretwell and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Modern Technology of Radiation Oncology written by Jake Van Dyk and published by Medical Physics Publishing Corporation. This book was released on 1999 with total page 1106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Details technology associated with radiation oncology, emphasizing design of all equipment allied with radiation treatment. Describes procedures required to implement equipment in clinical service, covering needs assessment, purchase, acceptance, and commissioning, and explains quality assurance issues. Also addresses less common and evolving technologies. For medical physicists and radiation oncologists, as well as radiation therapists, dosimetrists, and engineering technologists. Includes bandw medical images and photos of equipment. Paper edition (unseen), $145.95. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR