Download or read book Apartheid in South Africa The History and Legacy of the Notorious Segregationist Policies in the 20th Century written by Charles River Editors and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons will live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for. But, my lord, if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die." - Nelson Mandela, 1964 On June 1, 1948, Daniel Malan arrived in Pretoria by train to take office, and there he was met by a huge crowd of cheering whites. He told the audience, "In the past, we felt like strangers in our own country, but today, South Africa belongs to us once more. For the first time since Union, South Africa is our own. May God grant that it always remain our own." Back in Johannesburg, the leadership of the ANC, including the young attorney Nelson Mandela, listened to these celebratory prognostications in a grim mood. As strangers in their own country, they all understood that the South African liberation struggle would not be won overnight. In fact, the era of apartheid was only just about to formally start. Although apartheid is typically dated from the late 1940s until its dismantling decades later, segregationist policies had been the norm in South Africa from nearly the moment European explorers sailed to the region and began settling there. Whether it was displacing and fighting indigenous groups like the Khoi and San, or fighting other whites like the Boer, separation between ethnicities was the norm in South Africa for centuries before the election of Malan signaled the true rise of the Afrikaner far right. The man most associated with dismantling apartheid, of course, is Nelson Mandela. With the official policy of apartheid instituted in 1948 by an all-white government, Mandela was tried for treason between the years of 1956-61 before being acquitted. He participated in the Defiance Campaign of 1952, and oversaw the 1955 Congress of the People, but when the African National Congress was banned in 1960, he proposed a military wing, despite his initial reluctance toward violent resistance, a reluctance which had its roots in original nonviolent protests through the South African Communist Party. The ANC did not openly discourage such an idea, and the Umkhonto we Sizwe was established. Mandela was again arrested in 1962 and tried for attempts to overthrow the government by violence. The sentence was five years of hard labor, but this was increased to a life sentence in 1964, a sentence handed down to seven of his closest colleagues as well. Mandela would eventually serve 27 years, but his statements made in court received enormous international coverage and acclaim, and his reputation grew during his time in Robben Island Prison of Capetown, the Pollsmoor and Victor Verster Prisons. He was ultimately released in February 1990, in large part as a result of the international campaign generated by his words and the current South African story. Shortly after that, he was elected as the first man of African descent to the presidency of South Africa, which he held from 1994-1999. Most significant was that Mandela was elected from the first multi-factional, multi-racial election ever held in the country, a result of extensive negotiations with then President F.W. Klerk. Apartheid in South Africa: The History and Legacy of the Notorious Segregationist Policies in the 20th Century looks at the controversial policies, the background behind them, and their influence on the country. Along with pictures and a bibliography, you will learn about apartheid in South Africa like never before.
Download or read book Segregation and Apartheid in Twentieth Century South Africa written by William Beinart and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As South Africa moves towards majority rule, and blacks begin to exercise direct political power, apartheid becomes a thing of the past - but its legacy in South African history will be indelible. this book is designed to introduce students to a range of interpretations of one of South Africa's central social characteristics: racial segregation. It: • brings together eleven articles which span the whole history of segregation from its origins to its final collapse • reviews the new historiography of segregation and the wide variety of intellectual traditions on which it is based • includes a glossary, explanatory notes and further reading.
Download or read book South Africa s Racial Past written by Paul Maylam and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique overview of the whole 350-year history of South Africa’s racial order, from the mid-seventeenth century to the apartheid era. Maylam periodizes this racial order, drawing out its main phases and highlighting the significant turning points. He also analyzes the dynamics of South African white racism, exploring the key forces and factors that brought about and perpetuated oppressive, discriminatory policies, practices, structures, laws and attitudes. There is also a strong historiographical dimension to the study. It shows how various writers have, from different perspectives, attempted to explain the South African racial order and draws out the political and ideological agendas that lay beneath these diverse interpretations. Essential reading for all those interested in the past, present and future of South Africa, this book also has implications for the wider study of race, racism and social and political ethnic relations.
Download or read book South Africa written by and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apartheid was an oppressive and brutal system of racial discrimination that captured and appalled world opinion during the latter half of the twentieth century. South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid examines the history of South Africa during this period of apartheid: from 1948 when the Nationalists came to power, through to the collapse of the system in the 1990s. Written in a clear and accessible manner, the book: charts the history of the apartheid regime, starting with the institution of the policy, through the mounting opposition in the 1970’s and 1980’s, to its eventual collapse in the 1990’s highlights the internal contradictions of white supremacy demonstrates how black opposition, from that of Nelson Mandela to that of thousands of ordinary people, finally brought an end to white minority rule provides an extensive set of documents to give insight into the minds of those who fashioned and those who opposed apartheid discusses the subsequent legacy of apartheid Also containing a Chronology, Glossary, Who’s Who of leading figures and Guide to Further Reading, this book provides students with the most up-to-date and succinct introduction to the ideology and practice of apartheid in South Africa.
Download or read book South Africa written by Nancy L. Clark and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apartheid was an oppressive and brutal system of racial discrimination that captured and appalled world opinion during the latter half of the twentieth century. South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid examines the history of South Africa during this period of apartheid: from 1948 when the Nationalists came to power, through to the collapse of the system in the 1990s. Written in a clear and accessible manner, the book:charts the history of the apartheid regime, starting with the institution of the policy, through the mounting opposition in the 1970’s and 1980’s, to its eventual collapse in the 1990’s highlights the internal contradictions of white supremacy demonstrates how black opposition, from that of Nelson Mandela to that of thousands of ordinary people, finally brought an end to white minority rule provides an extensive set of documents to give insight into the minds of those who fashioned and those who opposed apartheid discusses the subsequent legacy of apartheidAlso containing a Chronology, Glossary, Who’s Who of leading figures and Guide to Further Reading, this book provides students with the most up-to-date and succinct introduction to the ideology and practice of apartheid in South Africa.
Download or read book Racial Segregation and the Origins of Apartheid in South Africa 1919 36 written by Saul Dubow and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1989-07-03 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This analysis of the historical development of racial segregation in South Africa between the World War I and II casts light on the period immediately before the advent of modern-day apartheid and provides an account of the ideological, political and administrative origins of apartheid. Segregation is seen here as a complex combination of ideas and policies which aimed to entrench and legitimize the basis of white domination in South Africa. The authors feel that in essence, it represented an attempt to uphold white supremacy by containing the powerful social forces unleashed by South Africa's rapid process of industrialization. The work is based on archival research in South Africa and aims to draw upon some of the most recent scholarship.
Download or read book Apartheid written by 50MINUTES, and published by 50Minutes.com. This book was released on 2017-03-01 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keen to learn but short on time? Get to grips with the history of apartheid in next to no time with this concise guide. 50Minutes.com provides a clear and engaging analysis of apartheid in South Africa. For over 40 years, South Africa maintained a white supremacist regime which denied black citizens the same rights and opportunities as their white counterparts. The regime, which was established and maintained by a series of laws codifying racial segregation, attracted international condemnation and determined opposition from activists, including Nelson Mandela. Apartheid was finally dismantled in 1991, but had lasting effects on South African politics and society. In just 50 minutes you will: • Learn about the laws implemented during apartheid to enforce racial segregation • Identify the most influential figures and central events of the apartheid period • Analyse the immediate impact and long-term consequences of apartheid, both in South Africa and abroad ABOUT 50MINUTES.COM | History & Culture 50MINUTES.COM will enable you to quickly understand the main events, people, conflicts and discoveries from world history that have shaped the world we live in today. Our publications present the key information on a wide variety of topics in a quick and accessible way that is guaranteed to save you time on your journey of discovery.
Download or read book The Making of Modern South Africa written by Nigel Worden and published by Juta and Company Ltd. This book was released on 1994 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines the major issues in South Africa's history, from the colonial conquest of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, through the establishment of racism, segregation and apartheid, to the spirit of reform, resistance and repression of the 1980s and, now, in this new edition, the first democratic elections in April 1994. With the break up of institutional apartheid, perspectives on recent South African history have undergone a significant shift. Nigel Worden examines these changes and assesses developments within the new South Africa in a wide historical context, providing a sharp, analytical overview for all those interested in modern South African history and politics.
Download or read book A Short History of South Africa written by Gail Nattrass and published by Biteback Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Africa is popularly perceived as the most influential nation in Africa – a gateway to an entire continent for finance, trade and politics, and a crucial mediator in its neighbours' affairs. On the other hand, post-Apartheid dreams of progress and reform have, in part, collapsed into a morass of corruption, unemployment and criminal violence. A Short History of South Africa is a brief, general account of the history of this most complicated and fascinating country – from the first evidence of hominid existence to the wars of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries that led to the establishment of modern South Africa, the horrors of Apartheid and the optimism following its collapse, as well as the prospects and challenges for the future. This readable and thorough account, illustrated with maps and photographs, is the culmination of a lifetime of researching and teaching the broad spectrum of South African history. Nattrass's passion for her subject shines through, whether she is elucidating the reader on early humans in the cradle of humankind, or describing the tumultuous twentieth-century processes that shaped the democracy that is South Africa today.
Download or read book Urban Socio Economic Segregation and Income Inequality written by Maarten van Ham and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-29 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book investigates the link between income inequality and socio-economic residential segregation in 24 large urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. It offers a unique global overview of segregation trends based on case studies by local author teams. The book shows important global trends in segregation, and proposes a Global Segregation Thesis. Rising inequalities lead to rising levels of socio-economic segregation almost everywhere in the world. Levels of inequality and segregation are higher in cities in lower income countries, but the growth in inequality and segregation is faster in cities in high-income countries. This is causing convergence of segregation trends. Professionalisation of the workforce is leading to changing residential patterns. High-income workers are moving to city centres or to attractive coastal areas and gated communities, while poverty is increasingly suburbanising. As a result, the urban geography of inequality changes faster and is more pronounced than changes in segregation levels. Rising levels of inequality and segregation pose huge challenges for the future social sustainability of cities, as cities are no longer places of opportunities for all.
Download or read book The History of Southern Africa written by Amy McKenna Senior Editor, Geography and History and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of southern Africa, including an overview of each of the countries that comprise that area of the continent.
Download or read book Apartheid written by Brian Lapping and published by George Braziller. This book was released on 1987 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of apartheid traces the institution back to its roots in the 17th century, and shows how it developed along with Afrikaner nationalism, as well as the response from the Americans.
Download or read book Dismantling Desegregation written by Gary Orfield and published by The New Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the reversal of desegration in public schools
Download or read book The South Africa Reader written by Clifton Crais and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-10 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The South Africa Reader is an extraordinarily rich guide to the history, culture, and politics of South Africa. With more than eighty absorbing selections, the Reader provides many perspectives on the country's diverse peoples, its first two decades as a democracy, and the forces that have shaped its history and continue to pose challenges to its future, particularly violence, inequality, and racial discrimination. Among the selections are folktales passed down through the centuries, statements by seventeenth-century Dutch colonists, the songs of mine workers, a widow's testimony before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and a photo essay featuring the acclaimed work of Santu Mofokeng. Cartoons, songs, and fiction are juxtaposed with iconic documents, such as "The Freedom Charter" adopted in 1955 by the African National Congress and its allies and Nelson Mandela's "Statement from the Dock" in 1964. Cacophonous voices—those of slaves and indentured workers, African chiefs and kings, presidents and revolutionaries—invite readers into ongoing debates about South Africa's past and present and what exactly it means to be South African.
Download or read book The Colonization of South Africa The History and Legacy of the European Subjugation of South Africa written by Charles River Editors and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-03-16 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes contemporary accounts *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "The Boers were hostile toward indigenous African peoples, with whom they fought frequent range wars, and toward the government of the Cape, which was attempting to control Boer movements and commerce. They overtly compared their way of life to that of the Israel patriarchs of the Bible, developing independent patriarchal communities based upon a mobile pastoralist economy. Staunch Calvinists, they saw themselves as the children of God in the wilderness, a Christian elect divinely ordained to rule the land and the backward natives therein. By the end of the 18th century the cultural links between the Boers and their urban counterparts were diminishing, although both groups continued to speak a type of Flemish." - Encyclopaedia Britannica The Boer War was the defining conflict of South African history and one of the most important conflicts in the history of the British Empire. Naturally, complicated geopolitics underscored it, going back centuries. In fact, the European history of South Africa began with the 1652 arrival of a small Dutch flotilla in Table Bay, at the southern extremity of the African continent, which made landfall with a view to establishing a victualing station to service passing Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie) ships. The Dutch at that point largely dominated the East Indian Trade, and it was their establishment of the settlement of Kaapstad, or Cape Town, that set in motion the lengthy and often turbulent history of South Africa. For over a century, the Cape remained a Dutch East India Company settlement, and in the interests of limiting expenses, strict parameters were established to avoid the development of a colony. As religious intolerance in Europe drove a steady trickle of outward emigration, however, Dutch settlers began to informally expand beyond the Cape, settling the sparsely inhabited hinterland to the north and east of Cape Town. In doing so, they fell increasingly outside the administrative scope of the Company, and they developed an individualistic worldview, characterized by self-dependence and self-reliance. They were also bonded as a society by a rigorous and literal interpretation of the Old Testament. In their wake, towards the end of the 17th century, followed a wave of French Huguenot immigrants, fleeing a renewal of anti-Protestantism in Europe. They were integrated over the succeeding generations, creating a hybridized language and culture that emerged in due course as the Cape Dutch, The Afrikaner or the Boer. The Napoleonic Wars radically altered the old, established European power dynamics, and in 1795, the British, now emerging as the globe's naval superpower, assumed control of the Cape as part of the spoils of war. In doing so, they recognized the enormous strategic value of the Cape as global shipping routes were developing and expanding. Possession passed back and forth once or twice, but more or less from that point onwards, the British established their presence at the Cape, which they held until the unification of South Africa in 1910. However, it would only come after several rounds of conflicts. The Colonization of South Africa: The History and Legacy of the European Subjugation of South Africa looks at the controversial expeditions, fighting, and results. Along with pictures and a bibliography, you will learn about the colonization of South Africa like never before.
Download or read book Apartheid written by Edgar H. Brookes and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-10-05 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1968, this volume traces the history and growth of Apartheid in South Africa. The acts which enforced Apartheid – the Group Areas Act, Population and Registration Act are given in full. The book also includes documents which reflected reaction to these measures: Parliamentary debates, newspaper reports and policy statements by the leading political parties and religious denominations. The documents are headed by a full historical and analytical introduction.
Download or read book A History of South Africa written by Leonard Monteath Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reexamines the history of South Africa, traces the development of apartheid, and describes the anti-apartheid movement
