Download or read book Anti HIV Activity of the Human Antimicrobial Peptide LL 37 and Its Engineered Peptide 17BIPHE2 written by Ana Vera-Cruz and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major health concerns of women worldwide. These concerns have prompted efforts to develop Multipurpose Prevention Technologies (MPTs), which simultaneously provide contraception and prevent STIs, including HIV. LL-37, the only human cathelicidin and an effective spermicide on human sperm, has broad antimicrobial activity including in vitro activity against HIV. 17BIPHE2 is a truncated LL-37 peptide, engineered to contain 5 unnatural residues, thus limiting its protease degradation within vaginal fluid. Hence, this antimicrobial peptide (AMP) represents a promising MPT agent. It was therefore hypothesized that these peptides would be inhibitors of HIV infection in cell lines, PBMC, and CD4+ T cells. In the chronically infected ACH-2 cell line, there was significant reduction in p24 production when cells were treated with 17BIPHE2, but not LL-37. When 17BIPHE2 was pre-incubated with HIV prior to infection and present during infection, viral replication decreased in the TZM-bl reporter cell line, but this result was not recapitulated in the primary activated cells, PBMCs nor isolated CD4+ T cells. Conversely, pre-incubation of 17BIPHE2 with target cells prior to infection significantly inhibited HIV infection in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, 17BIPHE2 may act on the cell or on the virus/cell interaction rather than on the virus itself to inhibit HIV infection.
Download or read book Antimicrobial Peptides written by Katsumi Matsuzaki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), their mechanisms of antimicrobial action, other activities, and various problems that must still be overcome regarding their clinical application. Divided into four major parts, the book begins with a general overview of AMPs (Part I), and subsequently discusses the various mechanisms of antimicrobial action and methods for researching them (Part 2). It then addresses a range of activities other than antimicrobial action, such as cell penetration, antisepsis, anticancer, and immunomodulatory activities (Part 3), and explores the prospects of clinical application from various standpoints such as the selective toxicity, design, and discovery of AMPs (Part 4). A huge number of AMPs have been discovered in plants, insects, and vertebrates including humans, and constitute host defense systems against invading pathogenic microorganisms. Consequently, many attempts have been made to utilize AMPs as antibiotics. AMPs could help to solve the urgent problem of drug-resistant bacteria, and are also promising with regard to sepsis and cancer therapy. Gathering a wealth of information, this book will be a bible for all those seeking to develop antibiotics, anti-sepsis, or anticancer agents based on AMPs.
Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 49 written by Harsh Panwar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents advanced therapies based on new and complementary drugs, and alternative techniques and strategies, such as phages, probiotics, flavonoids, essential oils, cellulose, peptides, nano delivery, iron starvation and vaccines.
Download or read book HIV and Disability written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-11-17 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Security Administration (SSA) uses a screening tool called the Listing of Impairments to identify claimants who are so severely impaired that they cannot work at all and thus qualify for disability benefits. In this report, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) makes several recommendations for improving SSA's capacity for determining disability benefits more accurately and quickly using the HIV Infection Listings.
Download or read book Bacteriophages and Biofilms written by Stephen T. Abedon and published by Nova Biomedical Books. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteriophages (phages) are the viruses of bacteria and biofilms that represent a frequent niche for bacteria, where they are embedded in extensive extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and can be structured into complex microcolonies. As a consequence of the resulting spatial structure and heterogeneity, phage-bacterial interactions within biofilms can be more complicated than those between phages and planktonic bacteria. This book presents and discusses research which provides a better understanding of the biology of phages interacting with biofilms.
Download or read book Polyvinylpyrrolidone Excipients for Pharmaceuticals written by Volker Bühler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes the properties, analytical methods and the applications of different polyvinylpyrrolidone excipients (povidone, crospovidone, copovidone etc.) for use in pharmaceutical preparations. This group of excipients is one of the most important excipients used in modern technology to produce drugs. The book is intended for all persons working in the research, development and quality control of drugs. It gives a survey of all applications in solid, liquid and semisolid dosage forms including many drug formulation examples and more than 600 references to the literature.
Download or read book Antibiotics written by Christopher Walsh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A chemocentric view of the molecular structures of antibiotics, their origins, actions, and major categories of resistance Antibiotics: Challenges, Mechanisms, Opportunities focuses on antibiotics as small organic molecules, from both natural and synthetic sources. Understanding the chemical scaffold and functional group structures of the major classes of clinically useful antibiotics is critical to understanding how antibiotics interact selectively with bacterial targets. This textbook details how classes of antibiotics interact with five known robust bacterial targets: cell wall assembly and maintenance, membrane integrity, protein synthesis, DNA and RNA information transfer, and the folate pathway to deoxythymidylate. It also addresses the universe of bacterial resistance, from the concept of the resistome to the three major mechanisms of resistance: antibiotic destruction, antibiotic active efflux, and alteration of antibiotic targets. Antibiotics also covers the biosynthetic machinery for the major classes of natural product antibiotics. Authors Christopher Walsh and Timothy Wencewicz provide compelling answers to these questions: What are antibiotics? Where do antibiotics come from? How do antibiotics work? Why do antibiotics stop working? How should our limited inventory of effective antibiotics be addressed? Antibiotics is a textbook for graduate courses in chemical biology, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and microbiology and biochemistry courses. It is also a valuable reference for microbiologists, biological and natural product chemists, pharmacologists, and research and development scientists.
Download or read book Materials Reliability in Microelectronics III Volume 309 written by Kenneth P. Rodbell and published by . This book was released on 1993-08-31 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
Download or read book The Star Grazers written by Christine Barker Widman and published by HarperCollins Children's Books. This book was released on 1989 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jacob the shepherd follows his sheep into the sky, where Sirius the dog star protects them from Lupus the wolf star while they graze on the stars in the sky before returning home to sleep.
