Download or read book Antarctic Circumpolar Current frontal system in the South Atlantic written by L. BOEHME and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The South Atlantic written by Gerold Wefer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents results of recent projects in oceanography and marine geosciences (e.g. WOCE, JGOFS, PAGES, ODP) regarding present and past circulation in the South Atlantic. The objective of the book is to integrate results from both oceanographic and geological studies. As the connecting link between the Antarctic and the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic plays a crucial role with regard to the heat budget of the North Atlantic and to the biogeochemical budget of the global ocean. New results from studies of meridional water mass and heat transports are presented. The central theme of geological investigations is the reconstruction of current and productivity systems in the South Atlantic during the late Quaternary.
Download or read book The Frontal System of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current written by Lars Boehme and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The South Atlantic in the Late Quaternary written by Gerold Wefer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The South Atlantic plays a critical role in the couplingofoceanic processes between the Antarctic and the lower latitudes. The Antarctic Ocean, along with the adjacent southern seas, is of substantial importance for global climate and for the distributionofwater masses because itprovides large regions ofthe world ocean with intermediate and bottom waters. In contrast to the North Atlantic, the Southern Ocean acts more as an "information distributor", as opposed to an amplifier. Just as the North Atlantic is influencedby the South Atlantic through the contributionofwarm surface water,the incomingsupply ofNADW - in the area of the Southern Ocean as Circumantarctic Deep Water - influences the oceanography ofthe Antarctic. The competing influences from the northern and southern oceans on the current and mass budget systems can be best studied in the South Atlantic. Not only do changes in the current systems in the eastern Atlantic high-production regions affect the energy budget, they also influence the nutrient inventories, and therefore impact the entire productivity ofthe ocean. In addition, the broad region of the polar front is a critical area with respect to productivity-related circulation since it is the source of Antarctic Intermediate Water. Although theAntarctic Intermediate Watertoday liesdeeper than the water that rises in the upwelling regions, it is the long-term source ofnutrients that are ultimately responsible for the supply oforganic matter to the sea floor and to sediments.
Download or read book The Role of the South Atlantic on the Interbasin and Pole to Pole Connections written by Ronald Buss de Souza and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-01 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Agulhas Current written by Johann R.E. Lutjeharms and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-26 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the research findings of 60 years, the author describes the origins of the Agulhas Current, its behaviour, its influence on the adjacent continental shelf, its effect on local weather and its role in linking the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. The text is well-illustrated and includes asides on the history of research on the Current. An exhaustive bibliography gives easy access to present knowledge on this important current system.
Download or read book Antarctic Circumpolar Current System and Its Response to Atmospheric Variability written by Yong Sun Kim and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is well known for its multiple bands with large meridional property gradients in the upper waters, each associated with a deep-reaching current core. A revised nineteen-year time series (1992?2011) of altimeter data from the CNES/CLS AVISO is analyzed to identify and trace the spatial distribution of ACC fronts. Specific contours of sea surface height (SSH) are selected within narrow continuous bands of relative maxima SSH slope in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean sector, where they closely follow the distribution of ACC fronts derived from inspection of concurrent high-resolution profile data at hydrographic stations. When applied to the full circumpolar belt, the frontal distribution derived from these new altimeter-based indicators also agrees well with the traces of current jets and in-situ dynamic height fields calculated from concurrent Argo profile data. The temporal variability of ACC fronts is analyzed in relation to dominant modes of atmospheric forcing variability in the Southern Ocean. All three ACC fronts have experienced large seasonal to decadal variability throughout the satellite altimetry era. The general seasonal tendency for each of these jets, with respect to long-term mean positions, is to be located farther to the south during the austral summer and to north in the winter. Circumpolar-mean annual frontal locations show a consistent linear trend of southward migration. However, the estimated decadal variability of the frontal distributions is highly localized, and due to selective response mechanisms to atmospheric variability. A persistent poleward drift of ACC fronts is observed in the Indian sector consistent with increasing sea surface temperature trends. In contrast, a vacillation in the meridional location of ACC fronts is observed in the Pacific sector in association to minor sea surface cooling trends. Therefore, unlike in the Indian sector, the regional Pacific Ocean response is significantly sensitive to dominant atmospheric forcing indices. Mesoscale eddies derived from instabilities at strong current cores are successfully identified with specific SSH gradient criteria. The new estimates of rings population in the Southern Ocean are tightly linked to interannual to decadal atmospheric variability. Increased number of mesoscale eddies correlate with positive SAM forcing about two years earlier, or negative ENSO forcing two to three months earlier. These cross-correlations might explain a prominent peak in rings abundance estimated during 2000 and 2001, and the short-lived maximum that appeared in 2010. There are no persistent trends in the estimated sea surface slope across Drake Passage, and therefore neither in the transport of the ACC. High cross-correlation between the abundance of mesoscale eddies and atmospheric forcing suggests that the overall ACC system is in an eddy-saturated state. However, Drake Passage positive sea level slope anomalies were two-year lagged with negative SAM forcing and with positive ENSO events. These regional responses are characteristic of eastward-propagating signals from a buoyancy-dominated Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148046
Download or read book Antarctica and the Southern Ocean written by Nicholas Golledge and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-06-26 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antarctica is our southernmost continent. It is nearly double the size of Australia. Antarctica is covered almost entirely by land ice called the Antarctic Ice Sheet and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. The Southern Ocean influences climate by taking up heat and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in deep waters. The cloud processes and aerosols over the Southern Ocean are complex and are important challenges for climate models. To understand the climate of the past, polar scientists drill ice cores through the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The ice core is a powerful tool that we can use to determine how the Earth's climate has changed and the information provided by historical ice cores has become extremely valuable for predicting the future scenarios of our planet. This ice is the largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth. The Antarctic Ice Sheet flows down into the Southern Ocean where parts of it start to float. These large floating platforms of ice are called ice shelves. Knowledge of the sensitivity and interaction of ice shelves to changes in atmosphere and ocean is important to understand the contribution of Antarctica to global sea level rise and the Southern Ocean, and global marine ecosystems. If melted, the Antarctic Ice Sheet would be a major contributor to global sea level rise. In winter, the surface of the ocean around Antarctica freezes and sea ice forms. At the height of winter, the area of sea ice that forms is as large as Antarctica itself but it melts back to the continent every summer. The amount of sea ice that forms in winter and melts back each summer is different. We examine this annual fluctuation of sea ice area around Antarctica for indications of climate change. Sea ice provides important habitats for primary producers, such as sea ice algae, and Antarctic krill, a keystone species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Sea ice is also an important habitat for penguins and seals. This collection aims to inform young readers about fundamental knowledge and digested cutting-edge science that will help increase their understanding of Antarctica and its central role as a global climate driver. In addition to the Editors hosting, we would acknowledge the coordination and organization efforts of Pat Wongpan .
Download or read book Ocean Currents written by Robert Marsh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Currents: Physical Drivers in a Changing World opens with a general introduction to the character, measurement, and simulation of ocean currents, leading to a physical and dynamical framework for understanding the wide variety of flows encountered in the oceans. The book comprises chapters covering distinct aspects of contrasting ocean currents: broad and slow, deep and shallow, narrow and swift, large scale and small scale, low latitudes and high latitudes, and moving in horizontal and vertical planes. Through this approach the authors cover a wide range of applications, from local to global, with considerable geographical context. - Provides analyses of ocean observations and numerical model simulations, highlighting the pathways and drift associated with ocean currents, around the World Ocean, linked to online exercises for instructors and students that extend this perspective - Presents applications to natural phenomena, showing how ocean currents shape marine ecosystems, helping researchers understand the distribution and adaptation of life in the oceans - Addresses societal challenges, specifically how ocean currents disperse pollutants (e.g. plastic) from coastal sources and how the global ocean circulation is central to our changing climate, helping students and researchers develop an interdisciplinary approach to global environmental change
Download or read book Ocean Currents written by John H. Steele and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-10-08 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Currents is a derivative of the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, 2nd Edition and serves as an important reference on current ocean current knowledge and expertise in one convenient and accessible source. Its selection of articles—all written by experts in their field—focuses on key ocean current concepts. Its topics include ocean currents, the circulation of deep water, the contrasting circulations of the seas, the circulation in fjords, estuaries and the effects of rivers, and the intermittency and variability of the oceans. Ocean Currents serves as an ideal reference for topical research. References related articles on ocean currents to facilitate further research Richly illustrated with figures and tables that aid in understanding key concepts Includes an introductory overview of ocean currents and then explores each topic in detail, making it useful to experts and graduate-level researchers Topical arrangement makes it the perfect desk reference
Download or read book Bottom Gravity Currents and Overflows in Deep Channels of the Atlantic Ocean written by Eugene G. Morozov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to the analysis of bottom waters flows through underwater channels of the Atlantic Ocean. The study is based on recent observations of the authors, analysis of historical data, numerical modeling, and literature review. For example, studying both the measurements from the World Ocean Circulation experiment in the 1990s and recent measurements reveals the decadal variations of water properties in the ocean. Seawater is cooled at high latitudes, descends to the ocean bottom, and slowly flows to the tropical latitudes and further. This current is slow in the deep basins, but intensifies in the abyssal channels connecting the basins. The current overflows submarine topographic structures and sometimes forms deep cataracts when water descends over slopes by several hundred meters. The flow of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) is studied on the basis of CTD sections combined with Lowered Acoustic Doppler Profiling (LADCP) carried out annually, and long-term moored measurements of currents. This book is a collection of oceanographic data, interpretation, and analysis, which can be used by field oceanographers, specialists in numerical modeling, and students who specialize in oceanography.
Download or read book Mechanisms of Global Climate Change at Millennial Time Scales written by Lloyd D. Keigwin and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1999-01-26 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors describe the current understanding of abrupt climate variations that have occurred at millennial to submillennial time scales, events now recognized as characteristics of the global climate during the last glaciation. Subjects covered include analysis of modern climate and ocean dynamics, paleoclimate reconstructions derived from the marine, terrestrial and ice core records, and paleoclimate modeling studies. The breadth of global paleoclimate knowledge presented here provides information required to answer many questions and provides a road map to address remaining problems. Most material is from a June 1998 conference. Lacks a subject index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Download or read book The Barrier Zones in the Ocean written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-07-06 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemical barrier zones play an important role in determining various physical systems and characteristics of the oceans, e.g. hydrodynamics, salinity, temperature and light. In this book, each of the 40 barrier zones covered are illustrated and defined by physical-chemical parameters. Among the topics discussed are the processes of inflow, transformation and precipitation of the sedimentary layer of the open oceans and more restricted areas such as the Baltic, Black and Mediterranean Seas. This well-illustrated book may serve as the basis for courses such as "Marine Geochemistry" or "Ocean Usage" and can be useful to researchers in the fields of geology, geography, marine chemistry, geoecology and hydrochemistry.
Download or read book Antarctic Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Ocean Climate System written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sea ice surrounding Antarctica has increased in extent and concentration from the late 1970s, when satellite-based measurements began, until 2015. Although this increasing trend is modest, it is surprising given the overall warming of the global climate and the region. Indeed, climate models, which incorporate our best understanding of the processes affecting the region, generally simulate a decrease in sea ice. Moreover, sea ice in the Arctic has exhibited pronounced declines over the same period, consistent with global climate model simulations. For these reasons, the behavior of Antarctic sea ice has presented a conundrum for global climate change science. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in January 2016, to bring together scientists with different sets of expertise and perspectives to further explore potential mechanisms driving the evolution of recent Antarctic sea ice variability and to discuss ways to advance understanding of Antarctic sea ice and its relationship to the broader ocean-climate system. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Download or read book Acoustically Mapping the Ocean written by Kathy Gunn and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-08-05 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Discovering the Ocean from Space written by Ian S. Robinson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a survey of the contribution of satellite data to the study of the ocean, focusing on the special insights that only satellite data can bring to oceanography. Topics range from ocean waves to ocean biology, spanning scales from basins to estuaries. Some chapters cover applications to pure research while others show how satellite data can be used operationally for tasks such as pollution monitoring or oil-spill detection.
Download or read book Cephalopods written by Peter Boyle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Squid, cuttlefish and octopuses, which form the marine mollusc group the cephalopods, are of great and increasing interest to marine biologists, physiologists, ecologists, environmental biologists and fisheries scientists. Cephalopods: ecology and fisheries is a thorough review of this most important animal group. The first introductory section of the book provides coverage of cephalopod form and function, origin and evolution, Nautilus, and biodiversity and zoogeography. The following section covers life cycles, growth, physiological ecology, reproductive strategies and early life histories. There follows a section on ecology, which provides details of slope and shelf species, oceanic and deep sea species, population ecology, trophic ecology and cephalopods as prey. The final section of the book deals with fisheries and ecological interactions, with chapters on fishing methods and scientific sampling, fisheries resources, fisheries oceanography and assessment and management methods. This scientifically comprehensive and beautifully illustrated book is essential reading for marine biologists, zoologists, ecologists and fisheries managers. All libraries in universities and research establishments where biological sciences and fisheries are studied and taught should have multiple copies of this landmark publication on their shelves.
