Download or read book Annular Modes in Multiple Migrating Zonal Jet Regime written by Cegeon J. Chan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) In the model, systematic secondary (weaker) jets migrate equatorward into the primary jet. The total eddy forcing associated with the migrating jets aids in sustaining the primary jet in the presence of frictional forces. Plots of the anomalous eddy fields for both indexes show that the strongest eddy activity in the main jet is associated with the high zonal index. The zonal flow anomalies, which systematically migrate into the poleward flank of the main jet, are largely responsible for causing this positively anomalous eddy forcing. This asymmetrical forcing to the primary jet results in the zonal index variability. In this thesis, the dynamics associated with the secondary jets and its equatorward migration will be examined. We will show that when (1) the sphericity of the earth is accounted for, (2) the interior PV is homogenized, and (3) the width of the baroclinically unstable region exceeds the Rhines scale by several factors, multiple zonal jets emerge and migrate equatorward.
Download or read book Modified Lagrangian Mean Perspective of Annular Mode Variability written by David Burrows and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading mode of extratropical variability or annular mode is characterized as a meridional seesaw of mass between middle and high latitudes or equivalently, a barotropic dipole in the zonal wind anomaly field. With an understanding of the spatial structure of the annular mode variability, focus has shifted to the eddy-zonal flow interaction or Rossby wave breaking that leads to the persistence of the zonal wind anomalies. Much insight has been gained from the conventional relationship between the zonal-mean flow and eddy fluxes, and the resulting mechanisms often involve eddies of different frequencies or barotropic versus baroclinic processes. Here a new perspective of the annular mode variability is presented in the Modified Lagrangian-Mean (MLM) formalism of a quasi-geostrophic (QG) and absolute vorticity model. By applying the MLM to the QG potential vorticity (PV) tendency budget, a closure equation for annular mode variability or eddy vorticity flux can be obtained. The eddy vorticity flux closure model can be described by a simple diffusive equation with the eddy fluxes absorbed in the MLM. A similar diffusive equation is obtained using absolute vorticity but with a redefinition of the wave type and wave source. Instead of a QG PV, baroclinic wave source, absolute vorticity provides a horizontally, divergent source of waves which are important for wave propagation, wave breaking, and annular mode variability. These formalisms are applied to a baroclinic eddy lifecycle and annular mode variability in an idealized model. It is shown that the shift of a zonal jet during an eddy life cycle can be attributed to horizontal wave tendency, whereas its persistence is concurrent with small-scale dissipation associated with Rossby wave breaking. Furthermore, analysis of annular modes in the idealized model suggests that the wave activity associated with the annular mode variability is short-lived, and that the persistence of the annular mode may be attributed to the eddy source and diffusion of the eddy vorticity flux also associated with Rossby wave breaking.
Download or read book Zonal Jets written by Boris Galperin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a comprehensive, multidisciplinary volume on the physics of zonal jets, from the leading experts, for graduate students and researchers.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book An Introduction to Stochastic Processes written by Maurice Stevenson Bartlett and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Resolution Numerical Modelling of the Atmosphere and Ocean written by Kevin Hamilton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-25 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly relevant text documents the first international meeting focused specifically on high-resolution atmospheric and oceanic modeling. It was held recently at the Earth Simulator Center in Yokohama, Japan. Rather than producing a standard conference proceedings volume, the editors have decided to compose this volume entirely of papers written by invited speakers at the meeting, who report on their most exciting recent results involving high resolution modeling.
Download or read book Africa Toward 2030 written by E. Lundsgaarde and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-11-11 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining studies of demography, climate change, technology and innovation, political development, new actors in international development, and global governance frameworks, this book highlights the major underlying determinants of change in the African context and key uncertainties about the continent's future development prospects.
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book El Ni o Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate written by Michael J. McPhaden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth’s most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting Future projections of ENSO and its impacts Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors.
Download or read book Climate of the Past Present and Future written by Javier Vinós and published by Critical Science Press. This book was released on 2022-09-20 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an unorthodox ground-breaking scientific study on natural climate change and its contribution to ongoing multi-centennial global warming. The book critically reviews the effect of the following on climate: - Milankovitch cycles - abrupt glacial (Dansgaard-Oeschger) events - Holocene climate variability - the 1500-year cycle - solar activity - volcanic eruptions - greenhouse gases - energy transport Applying the scientific method to available evidence reveals that some of these phenomena are profoundly misunderstood by most researchers. Milankovitch cycles are tied to orbital obliquity, not to orbital precessional summer insolation; glacial megatides might have triggered abrupt Dansgaard-Oeschger events; and tides are likely responsible for the related 1500-year climate cycle. Climate change affects volcanic eruptions more than the opposite; and secular variations in solar activity are more important to climate change during the Holocene than greenhouse gases. In this book, we see how important natural climate change has been on human societies of the past. It also produces new climate projections for the 21st century and when the next glaciation could happen. What emerges from this study of natural climate change is a central theme: Variations in the transport of energy from the tropics to the poles have been neglected as a cause of climate change, and solar activity variations affect climate by modulating this transport. The author tells us: –Transporting more energy from a greenhouse gas-rich region, the tropics, to a greenhouse gas-poor region, the poles, increases the amount of energy lost at the top of the atmosphere. The effect resembles a reduction in the greenhouse gas content.– The book presents the Winter-Gatekeeper Hypothesis on how variations in solar activity regulate Earth's energy transport and in so doing affect atmospheric circulation, the rotation of the planet, and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. This book is oriented toward students and academics in the climate sciences and climate anthropology and should also appeal to readers interested in the science of natural climate change. The repercussions of Climate of the Past, Present and Future are far reaching. By uncovering a strong natural climate change component, it provides a novel view of anthropogenic climate change, fossil energy use, and our future climate; a view quite different from the IPCC's gloomy projections.
Download or read book Saturn in the 21st Century written by Kevin H. Baines and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed overview of Saturn's formation, evolution and structure written by eminent planetary scientists involved in the Cassini Orbiter mission.
Download or read book Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Middle Atmosphere Dynamics written by David G. Andrews and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-21 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography. * Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates and beginning graduate students * Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations and laboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web * Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informative laboratory experiments * Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn the material.
Download or read book Sub seasonal to Seasonal Prediction written by Andrew Robertson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-10-19 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gap Between Weather and Climate Forecasting: Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction is an ideal reference for researchers and practitioners across the range of disciplines involved in the science, modeling, forecasting and application of this new frontier in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction. It provides an accessible, yet rigorous, introduction to the scientific principles and sources of predictability through the unique challenges of numerical simulation and forecasting with state-of-science modeling codes and supercomputers. Additional coverage includes the prospects for developing applications to trigger early action decisions to lessen weather catastrophes, minimize costly damage, and optimize operator decisions. The book consists of a set of contributed chapters solicited from experts and leaders in the fields of S2S predictability science, numerical modeling, operational forecasting, and developing application sectors. The introduction and conclusion, written by the co-editors, provides historical perspective, unique synthesis and prospects, and emerging opportunities in this exciting, complex and interdisciplinary field. - Contains contributed chapters from leaders and experts in sub-seasonal to seasonal science, forecasting and applications - Provides a one-stop shop for graduate students, academic and applied researchers, and practitioners in an emerging and interdisciplinary field - Offers a synthesis of the state of S2S science through the use of concrete examples, enabling potential users of S2S forecasts to quickly grasp the potential for application in their own decision-making - Includes a broad set of topics, illustrated with graphic examples, that highlight interdisciplinary linkages
Download or read book Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics written by Geoffrey K. Vallis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-06 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid dynamics is fundamental to our understanding of the atmosphere and oceans. Although many of the same principles of fluid dynamics apply to both the atmosphere and oceans, textbooks tend to concentrate on the atmosphere, the ocean, or the theory of geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD). This textbook provides a comprehensive unified treatment of atmospheric and oceanic fluid dynamics. The book introduces the fundamentals of geophysical fluid dynamics, including rotation and stratification, vorticity and potential vorticity, and scaling and approximations. It discusses baroclinic and barotropic instabilities, wave-mean flow interactions and turbulence, and the general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean. Student problems and exercises are included at the end of each chapter. Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics: Fundamentals and Large-Scale Circulation will be an invaluable graduate textbook on advanced courses in GFD, meteorology, atmospheric science and oceanography, and an excellent review volume for researchers. Additional resources are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521849692.
Download or read book Proceedings written by Institute of Environmental Sciences and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprised of the proceedings of the institute's annual meeting (called variously Technical or National Meeting)
Download or read book Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in Downflow Slurry Bubble Columns written by Subrata Kumar Majumder and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-02 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slurry bubble column reactors are intensively used as a multiphase reactor in the chemical, biochemical, and petrochemical industries for carrying out reactions and mass transfer operations in which a gas, made up of one or several reactive components, comes into contact or reacts with a liquid. This volume describes the hydrodynamics of three-phase gas-liquid-solid flow in a downflow slurry bubble column. The efficiency of the downflow gas interacting system is characterized by the self-entrainment of secondary gas. The book covers the gas entrainment phenomena, gas holdup characteristics, pressure drop, gasliquid mixing characteristics, bubble size distribution, interfacial phenomena, and the mass transfer phenomena in the downflow slurry system. This volume will be useful in chemical and biochemical industries and in industrial research and development sectors, as well as in advanced education courses in this area. The book will be helpful for further understanding the multiphase behavior in gas interacting multiphase systems for research and development. The hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics discussed will be useful in the design and installation of the modified slurry bubble column in industry for specific applications.
