Download or read book Analyzing Markets for Health Workers written by Barbara McPake and published by . This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is part of the Banks multiyear program to enhance its knowledge of HRH policies. The programs ultimate objective is to strengthen knowledge and capacity to collect evidence, analyze, and evaluate the effectiveness of HRH interventions in the context of a countrys health system strengthening strategy. It specifically addresses the theoretical and empirical evidence on health labor markets in low- and middle-income countries. Health labor market analysis has much to contribute to resolving globally widespread HRH problems, and their continuing neglect provides some explanation for their persistence. Policy makers in countries promulgating or refining strategies for achieving universal health coverage will find it important to understand how key elements in their health labor market are likely to interact and how these interactions could helpor hinderprogress toward universal health coverage. These interactions are complex and multidimensional, and this publication highlights some areas where forces in the health labor market matter most.The purpose of this publication is to provide an overview of the key issues when attempting to apply economics to the analysis of health workers labor markets. Though much has been written and planned about health human resources, a major weakness with most of this analysis is that it does not use an economic perspective. The use of an explicit economic framework applied by trained economists moves the focus away from simplistic but costly policy responses such as training more doctors and nurses, toward understanding more carefully the role of incentives, productivity, and the distribution of health workers. The health workforce is but one part of the health system and a focus of analysis on only the health workforce is insufficient to be able to determine the optimal number of health workers. Market forces cannot be relied upon to solve health worker shortages or mal-distribution, due to well recognized market failures in health care. This also has implications for how labor economics and labor market analysis can be applied and used successfully in the health care sector.
Download or read book Analyzing Markets for Health Workers written by Barbara McPake and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-06 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving universal health care requires understanding health labor markets dynamics to overcome constaints in human resources for health. This book helps to understand how key elements in health labor markets interact and how these interactions can help or hinder significant progress in health care coverage.
Download or read book Health Labor Market Analyses in Low and Middle Income Countries written by Richard M. Scheffler and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-10-19 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, produced jointly by the World Bank, the University of California, Berkeley, and the WHO, aims to provide decision-makers at sub-national, national, regional and global levels with additional insights into how to address their workforce challenges rather than describe them. In order to optimize and align HRH investments and develop targeted policy responses, a thorough understanding of unique, country-specific labor market dynamics and determinants of these dynamics is critical. Policies need to take into account the fact that workers are economic actors, responsive to different levels of compensation and opportunities to generate revenue found in different sub-labor markets. Policies need to take into account the behavioral characteristics of the individuals who provide health care, but also the individuals who consume health care services and the institutions that employ health personnel. In other words, it is necessary to understand the determinants of both the supply (numbers of health workers willing to work in the health sector) and the demand for health workers (resources available to hire health workers), how these interact, and how this interaction varies in different contexts. This interaction will determine the availability of health personnel, their distribution as well as their performance levels, thus ensuring stronger health systems capable to deliver universal health coverage. The book is structured to be of use to researchers, planners, and economists who are tasked with analyzing key areas of health labor markets, including overall labor market assessments as well as and more narrow and targeted analyses of demand and supply (including production and migration), performance, and remuneration of health workers. The chapters, written by a number of internationally renowned experts on Human Resources for Health, discuss data sources and empirical tools that can be used to assess health labor markets across high-, middle- or low-income countries, but draws primarily from examples and case-studies in LMICs.
Download or read book Health labour market analysis guidebook written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-11-05 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reducing Geographical Imbalances of Health Workers in Sub Saharan Africa written by Christophe Lemiere and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human resources crisis in the health sector has been gathering attention on the global stage. To date, however, most of this attention has focused on shortages of health human resources (HRH) at the national level. At least as important are problems at the sub-national level. Massive geographic and skill mix imbalances are reflected in the perilous undersupply of HRH in most rural areas. Virtually all Sub-Saharan African countries suffer from significant geographic imbalances. Very little substantive information or documentation exists on the problem. Even less is known about the lessons from policies aimed at addressing urban-rural human resource imbalances, let alone experiences of Sub-Saharan Africa countries, with such policies. There also appears to be a disconnect between the objectives and efforts of policymakers on the one hand and the functioning of national health labor markets and labor market behavior on the other hand. This disconnect hinders policy effectiveness and the efficient utilization of resources intended to narrow urban-rural inequities. In Sub-Saharan Africa government policies, often limited to the management of public sector vacancies, appear to be elaborated, prescribed, and implemented independently of labor market considerations. Partly as a result, they are unable to effectively address urban-rural imbalances, which are an outcome of labor market dynamics. This report discusses and analyzes labor market dynamics and outcomes (including unemployment, worker shortages, and urban-rural imbalances of categories of health workers) from a labor economics perspective. It then use insights from this perspective as a basis for elaborating policy options that incorporate the underlying labor market forces. The goal of the study is to address undesirable outcomes (including urban-rural HRH imbalances) more effectively. The book is thus suitable for researchers, policy analysts and policy makers with an interest in understanding and improving the allocation of human resources for health in the developing world.
Download or read book The Labor Market for Health Workers in Africa written by Agnes Soucat and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-04-26 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sub-Saharan Africa has only 12 percent of the global population, yet this region accounts for 50 percent of child deaths, more than 60 percent of maternal deaths, 85 percent of malaria cases, and close to 67 percent of people living with HIV. Sub-Saharan Africa, however, has the lowest number of health workers in the world-significantly fewer than in South Asia, which is at a comparable level of economic development. The Labor Market for Health Workers in Africa uses the analytical tools of labor markets to examine the human resource crisis in health from an economic perspective. Africa's labor markets are complex, with resources coming from governments, donors, the private sector, and households. Low numbers of health workers and poor understanding of labor market dynamics are major impediments to improving health service delivery. Yet some countries in the region have developed innovative solutions with new approaches to creating a robust health workforce that can respond to the continent's health challenges. As Africa grows economically, the invaluable lessons in this book can help build tomorrow's African health systems.
Download or read book Health and Labor Markets written by Solomon W. Polachek and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume investigates the relationship between a nation's health policies, employee health, and the resulting labor market outcomes. Containing nine original and innovative articles, it is a fundamental text for anyone interested in labor economics.
Download or read book Building America s Skilled Technical Workforce written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-06-04 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skilled technical occupationsâ€"defined as occupations that require a high level of knowledge in a technical domain but do not require a bachelor's degree for entryâ€"are a key component of the U.S. economy. In response to globalization and advances in science and technology, American firms are demanding workers with greater proficiency in literacy and numeracy, as well as strong interpersonal, technical, and problem-solving skills. However, employer surveys and industry and government reports have raised concerns that the nation may not have an adequate supply of skilled technical workers to achieve its competitiveness and economic growth objectives. In response to the broader need for policy information and advice, Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce examines the coverage, effectiveness, flexibility, and coordination of the policies and various programs that prepare Americans for skilled technical jobs. This report provides action-oriented recommendations for improving the American system of technical education, training, and certification.
Download or read book Analyzing Markets for Health Workers written by Barbara McPake and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving universal health care requires understanding health labor markets dynamics to overcome constaints in human resources for health. This book helps to understand how key elements in health labor markets interact and how these interactions can help or hinder significant progress in health care coverage.
Download or read book The Economics of Health Professional Education and Careers written by Barbara McPake and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation of health professionals is critical for the health system to function and to achieve its universal health coverage (UHC) goals, and this is well recognized by the majority of governments that plan to ensure enough training places and aim to regulate in order to ensure quality. But the importance of market forces is often overlooked, resulting in interventions and regulations that often fail to achieve their intended effects. This publication aims to inform the design of health professionals' education policies to better manage health labor market forces toward UHC. It documents what is known about the influence of market forces on the health-professional formation process. The report sought to answer the following questions: - What have been the large global and regional trends in the development of health professions? - How have these trends affected the career decisions of current and potential health professionals? - What is the evidence base on the value and effectiveness of health professional education of different types? - How has the market for health professional education evolved, and with what interrelationships with the health labor and health care markets? The contexts of the market for health professional training have been subject to important changes in recent decades, in particular: the growing extent of employment of mid-level cadres of health professionals; changes in technology and the associated growth of high skilled occupations; the increasing interconnectedness of national health systems through globalization, with its implications for international health professional mobility; and the greater complexity of the public-private mix in employment options. There is a need to ensure that market forces align with the intentions of planning and regulation and the needs of UHC goals. This publication provides recommendations to support the design of policies that help to achieve these.
Download or read book Strengthening the collection analysis and use of health workforce data and information written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-01-26 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an essential resource which brings into focus key advances, challenges and lessons learned in strengthening human resources for health (HRH) data and evidence as a strategic objective of implementing the Global Strategy on Human Resources for Health: Workforce 2030, the recommendations of the United Nations Secretary-General High-level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth, and in the achievement of the WHO Thirteenth General Programme of Work (2019–2023 (GPW 13) targets, for a measurable impact on population health and development. Divided into three parts, the handbook presents the complementarity between WHO Health Labour Market Analysis Guidebook and WHO handbook on national health workforce accounts (NHWA) system strengthening approach to improving the availability, quality, analysis, dissemination and use of health workforce data and evidence to inform decision-making and planning in countries. It also features the committed country efforts, catalysed by networks and partner investments, in strengthening HRH information systems and their growing success in implementing NHWA and other WHO normative tools. Contributed by the six technical working groups of the Global Health Workforce Network (GHWN) Data and Evidence hub, the handbook is aimed at HRH policy-makers and planners, to provide contemporary insight on data sources and information needs to address policy questions around health workforce development, and as part of the broader intersectoral agenda to strengthening health systems resilience.
Download or read book The Human Resources for Health Crisis in Zambia written by Christopher H. Herbst and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report compiles recent evidence on the Zambian health labor market and provides some baseline information on human resources for health (HRH) to help the government address its HRH challenges. Rather than focusing on making policy recommendations, the report is designed to be a source book to benefit and fuel discussions related to HRH in Zambia. Most of the data presented in the report covers the period 2005-08. The report analyzes the national health labor market to better understand the available evidence related to the stock, distribution, and performance of HRH in Zambia (that is, the HRH outcomes). It aims to explain those HRH outcomes by mapping, assessing, and analyzing pre-service education and labor market dynamics, that is, the flow of health workers into, within, and out of the health labor market, as well as the core factors influencing these dynamics. Finally, this report examines the issue of access and equity of HRH. It finds that even if health workers are available, in either urban or rural areas, and performing adequately, the wealthy in Zambia have better access to services than the poor. This situation is found in most if not all other countries. The report finds that as far as access to health workers is concerned, the poor generally loose out. It also reveals that even if health workers are available, wealthier segments of the population often continue to have better access to health workers than poorer segments. Wealthier women have the highest probability of receiving any antenatal care. There is an even steeper pro-rich gradient in delivery attendance in Zambia. In contrast to antenatal care, there is little variation across socioeconomic quintiles among those seeking medical treatment for children with diarrhea or cough and fever. The poor are slightly more likely to be visited by a health worker and receive certain services during visits. The factors linked to these variations in use of services remain to be examined (they could be linked to expense, fear of receiving care from an individual belonging to a higher social stratum, or different gender, and so forth). Either way, they should be taken into consideration when planning to improve access for the poor to health care services and providers.
Download or read book Labour Markets in Low Income Countries written by David Lam and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-09 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Employment and job creation are key components in achieving economic growth and sustainable development, particularly in low-income countries. The growing size of the working-age population in many developing regions underscores the need to further strengthen labour market structures in the world's poorest countries. Despite the importance of studying emerging labour markets, and investigating which policies are more successful, the evidence is rather limited. Against this backdrop, the joint IZA/FCDO Growth and Labour Markets in Low Income Countries (GLM|LIC) programme was established and has taken important steps to close this gap. Covering topics such as poverty, informality and rural labour, skills training and behaviour, gender inequality, youth and child labour, and migration, this volume presents key takeaways from most recent research in the field. Which development policies will work, which strategies will fail? The authors provide an in-depth discussion of current development programmes, based on the results of new evaluation studies, and derive important policy lessons"--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 1449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
Download or read book Internal Labor Markets and Manpower Analysis written by Peter B. Doeringer and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1985-06 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the institutional aspects of the American labor market. The introduction assesses the major changes since 1971.
Download or read book Guinea Bissau written by World Bank Group and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a comprehensive diagnostic of the labor market for health workers in Guinea-Bissau. It provides the evidence base for a new strategic plan for health workforce development. The report analyzes three dimensions: (i) workers' demographics, motivations, aspirations and satisfaction; (ii) hours worked and its distribution across different activities; and (iii) compensation, household income and consumption. Beyond this, it also calculates wage and labor supply equations. The analysis accounts for both, health professionals (doctors, nurses, midwifes, technicians) and community health workers, who are treated as volunteers in the Bissau-Guinean health system.
Download or read book Health System Efficiency written by Jonathan Cylus and published by Health Policy. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the authors explore the state of the art on efficiency measurement in health systems and international experts offer insights into the pitfalls and potential associated with various measurement techniques. The authors show that: - The core idea of efficiency is easy to understand in principle - maximizing valued outputs relative to inputs, but is often difficult to make operational in real-life situations - There have been numerous advances in data collection and availability, as well as innovative methodological approaches that give valuable insights into how efficiently health care is delivered - Our simple analytical framework can facilitate the development and interpretation of efficiency indicators.
