Download or read book Analytic Transfer Function of the Forward Propagation of Diffuse Photon Density Waves in Turbid Media with an Embedded Spherical Inhomogeneity written by Deborah L. Lasocki and published by . This book was released on 1997-12-01 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffusing photons can be used to detect and localize optical inhomogeneities embedded in turbid media such as clouds, fog, paint and human tissue. This thesis shows that a transfer function derived from an analytic solution of the Helmholtz equation can completely characterize in three dimensions the perturbations in the forward propagation phenomena caused by a spherical defect object in a multiple-scattering medium. Two models of the forward propagation behavior of diffuse photon density waves in homogeneous, infinite, turbid media that contains a spherical inhomogeneity are examined. The first model is an exact analytic solution based on a modal expansion in spherical harmonics. The second model uses Fourier optics theory for wave propagation in a plane through homogeneous turbid media containing a spherical lens. The Fourier optics model is found to be a good approximation to the exact analytic solution when the optical absorptive contrast of the inhomogeneity and the surrounding media is weakly perturbative, and the detector is not near the inhomogeneity. Using linear system theory, a transfer function from the analytic model is derived. This function improves the Fourier optics model by replacing the spherical lens approximation with an exact representation of the system perturbation behavior. The transfer function is shown through simulation to completely characterize the sensitivity of the system to detect and localize in three dimensions inhomogeneities of varying optical contrast with the surrounding media.
Download or read book Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration written by James G. Fujimoto and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engineering Applications of Noncommutative Harmonic Analysis written by Gregory S. Chirikjian and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-09-28 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classical Fourier transform is one of the most widely used mathematical tools in engineering. However, few engineers know that extensions of harmonic analysis to functions on groups holds great potential for solving problems in robotics, image analysis, mechanics, and other areas. For those that may be aware of its potential value, there is sti
Download or read book Medical Applications of Lasers written by D.R. Vij and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A careful review of the literature covering various aspects of applications of lasers in science and technology reveals that lasers are being applied very widely throughout the entire gamut of physical medicine. After surveying the current developments taking place in the field of medical applications of lasers, it was considered appropriate to bring together these efforts of international research scientists and experts into one volume. It is with this aim that the editors have prepared this volume which brings current research and recent developments to the attention of a wide spectrum of readership associated with hospitals, medical institutions and universities world wide, including also the medical instrument industry. Both teachers and students in the medical faculties will especially find this compendium quite useful. This book is comprised of eleven chapters. All of the important medical applications of lasers are featured. The editors have made every effort that individual chapters are self-contained and written by experts. Emphasis has been placed on straight and simple presentation of the subject matter so that even the new entrants into the field will find the book of value.
Download or read book Diffusion Wave Fields written by Andreas Mandelis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops a unified mathematical framework for treating a wide variety of diffusion-related periodic phenomena in such areas as heat transfer, electrical conduction, and light scattering. Deriving and using Green functions in one and higher dimensions to provide a unified approach, the author develops the properties of diffusion-wave fields first for the well-studied case of thermal-wave fields and then applies the methods to nonthermal fields.
Download or read book Cloud Optics written by Alexander A. Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-07 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clouds affect the climate of the Earth, and they are an important factor in the weather. Therefore, their radiative properties must be understood in great detail. This book summarizes current knowledge on cloud optical properties, for example their ability to absorb, transmit, and reflect light, which depends on the clouds’ geometrical and microphysical characteristics such as sizes of droplets and crystals, their shapes, and structures. In addition, problems related to the image transfer through clouds and cloud remote sensing are addressed in this book in great detail. This book can be an important source of information on theoretical cloud optics for cloud physicists, meteorologists and optical engineers. All basic ideas of optics as related to scattering of light in clouds (e.g. Mie theory and radiative transfer) are considered in a self consistent way. Consequently, the book can also be a useful textbook to newcomers to the field.
Download or read book Diagnostic Radiology Physics written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is aimed at students and teachers involved in programmes that train medical physicists for work in diagnostic radiology. It provides a comprehensive overview of the basic medical physics knowledge required in the form of a syllabus for the practice of modern diagnostic radiology. This makes it particularly useful for graduate students and residents in medical physics programmes. The material presented in the publication has been endorsed by the major international organizations and is the foundation for academic and clinical courses in both diagnostic radiology physics and in emerging areas such as imaging in radiotherapy.
Download or read book Multiple Scattering of Light by Particles written by Michael I. Mishchenko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-27 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph on multiple scattering of light by small particles is an ideal resource for science professionals, engineers, and graduate students.
Download or read book Introduction to Nanophotonics written by Sergey V. Gaponenko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-08 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanophotonics is where photonics merges with nanoscience and nanotechnology, and where spatial confinement considerably modifies light propagation and light-matter interaction. Describing the basic phenomena, principles, experimental advances and potential impact of nanophotonics, this graduate-level textbook is ideal for students in physics, optical and electronic engineering and materials science. The textbook highlights practical issues, material properties and device feasibility, and includes the basic optical properties of metals, semiconductors and dielectrics. Mathematics is kept to a minimum and theoretical issues are reduced to a conceptual level. Each chapter ends in problems so readers can monitor their understanding of the material presented. The introductory quantum theory of solids and size effects in semiconductors are considered to give a parallel discussion of wave optics and wave mechanics of nanostructures. The physical and historical interplay of wave optics and quantum mechanics is traced. Nanoplasmonics, an essential part of modern photonics, is also included.
Download or read book Foundations of Atmospheric Remote Sensing written by Dmitry Efremenko and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical foundations of atmospheric remote sensing are electromagnetic theory, radiative transfer and inversion theory. This book provides an overview of these topics in a common context, compile the results of recent research, as well as fill the gaps, where needed. The following aspects are covered: principles of remote sensing, the atmospheric physics, foundations of the radiative transfer theory, electromagnetic absorption, scattering and propagation, review of computational techniques in radiative transfer, retrieval techniques as well as regularization principles of inversion theory. As such, the book provides a valuable resource for those who work with remote sensing data and want to get a broad view of theoretical foundations of atmospheric remote sensing. The book will be also useful for students and researchers working in such diverse fields like inverse problems, atmospheric physics, electromagnetic theory, and radiative transfer.
Download or read book The Remote Sensing of Tropospheric Composition from Space written by John P. Burrows and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of anthropogenic activities on our atmospheric environment is of growing public concern and satellite-based techniques now provide an essential component of observational strategies on regional and global scales. The purpose of this book is to summarise the state of the art in the field in general, while describing both key techniques and findings in particular. It opens with an historical perspective of the field together with the basic principles of remote sensing from space. Three chapters follow on the techniques and on the solutions to the problems associated with the various spectral regions in which observations are made. The particular challenges posed by aerosols and clouds are covered in the next two chapters. Of special importance is the accuracy and reliability of remote sensing data and these issues are covered in a chapter on validation. The final section of the book is concerned with the exploitation of data, with chapters on observational aspects, which includes both individual and synergistic studies, and on the comparison of global and regional observations with chemical transport and climate models and the added value that the interaction brings to both. The book concludes with scientific needs and likely future developments in the field, and the necessary actions to be taken if we are to have the global observation system that the Earth needs in its present, deteriorating state. The appendices provide a comprehensive list of satellite instruments, global representations of some ancillary data such as fire counts and light pollution, a list of abbreviations and acronyms, and a set of colourful timelines indicating the satellite coverage of tropospheric composition in the foreseeable future. Altogether, this book will be a timely reference and overview for anyone working at the interface of environmental, atmospheric and space sciences.
Download or read book Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves written by Leung Tsang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-07 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely and authoritative guide to the state of the art of wave scattering Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves offers in three volumes a complete and up-to-date treatment of wave scattering by random discrete scatterers and rough surfaces. Written by leading scientists who have made important contributions to wave scattering over three decades, this new work explains the principles, methods, and applications of this rapidly expanding, interdisciplinary field. It covers both introductory and advanced material and provides students and researchers in remote sensing as well as imaging, optics, and electromagnetic theory with a one-stop reference to a wealth of current research results. Plus, Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves contains detailed discussions of both analytical and numerical methods, including cutting-edge techniques for the recovery of earth/land parametric information. The three volumes are entitled respectively Theories and Applications, Numerical Simulation, and Advanced Topics. In the first volume, Theories and Applications, Leung Tsang (University of Washington) Jin Au Kong (MIT), and Kung-Hau Ding (Air Force Research Lab) cover: * Basic theory of electromagnetic scattering * Fundamentals of random scattering * Characteristics of discrete scatterers and rough surfaces * Scattering and emission by layered media * Single scattering and applications * Radiative transfer theory and solution techniques * One-dimensional random rough surface scattering
Download or read book Wave Optics written by Subhasish Dutta Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-10-15 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wave Optics: Basic Concepts and Contemporary Trends combines classical optics with some of the latest developments in the field to provide readers with an appreciation and understanding of advanced research topics. Requiring only a basic knowledge of electromagnetic theory and mathematics, this book: Covers the fundamentals of wave optics, such as oscillations, scalar and vector waves, reflection and refraction, polarization, interference and diffraction, and rays and beams Focuses on concepts related to advances in negative materials and superresolution, reflectionless potentials, plasmonics, spin-orbit interaction, optical tweezers, Pendry lensing, and more Includes MATLAB® codes for specific research problems, offering readers a behind-the-scenes look at the computational practices as well as an opportunity to extend the research Drawing parallels with corresponding quantum problems whenever possible to broaden the horizon and outlook, Wave Optics: Basic Concepts and Contemporary Trends gives readers a taste of what is happening in modern optics today and shows why wave optics remains one of the most interesting and challenging areas of physics.
Download or read book Chemically Deposited Nanocrystalline Metal Oxide Thin Films written by Fabian I. Ezema and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-26 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book guides beginners in the areas of thin film preparation, characterization, and device making, while providing insight into these areas for experts. As chemically deposited metal oxides are currently gaining attention in development of devices such as solar cells, supercapacitors, batteries, sensors, etc., the book illustrates how the chemical deposition route is emerging as a relatively inexpensive, simple, and convenient solution for large area deposition. The advancement in the nanostructured materials for the development of devices is fully discussed.
Download or read book The Physics of Thin Film Optical Spectra written by Olaf Stenzel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-10-10 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present monograph represents itself as a tutorial to the ?eld of optical properties of thin solid ?lms. It is neither a handbook for the thin ?lm prac- tioner,noranintroductiontointerferencecoatingsdesign,norareviewonthe latest developments in the ?eld. Instead, it is a textbook which shall bridge the gap between ground level knowledge on optics, electrodynamics, qu- tummechanics,andsolidstatephysicsononehand,andthemorespecialized level of knowledge presumed in typical thin ?lm optical research papers on the other hand. In writing this preface, I feel it makes sense to comment on three points, which all seem to me equally important. They arise from the following (- tually interconnected) three questions: 1. Who can bene?t from reading this book? 2. What is the origin of the particular material selection in this book? 3. Who encouraged and supported me in writing this book? Let me start with the ?rst question, the intended readership of this book. It should be of use for anybody, who is involved into the analysis of - tical spectra of a thin ?lm sample, no matter whether the sample has been prepared for optical or other applications. Thin ?lm spectroscopy may be r- evant in semiconductor physics, solar cell development, physical chemistry, optoelectronics, and optical coatings development, to give just a few ex- ples. The book supplies the reader with the necessary theoretical apparatus for understanding and modelling the features of the recorded transmission and re?ection spectra.
Download or read book Nanotechnology Characterization Tools for Tissue Engineering and Medical Therapy written by Challa S.S.R. Kumar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ninth volume of a 40 volume series on nanoscience and nanotechnology, edited by the renowned scientist Challa S.S.R. Kumar. This handbook gives a comprehensive overview about Nanotechnology Characterization Tools for Tissue Engineering and Medical Therapy. Modern applications and state-of-the-art techniques are covered and make this volume an essential reading for research scientists in academia and industry.
Download or read book Advanced Time Correlated Single Photon Counting Techniques written by Wolfgang Becker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-19 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1984 Desmond O’Connor and David Phillips published their comprehensive book „Time-correlated Single Photon Counting“. At that time time-correlated s- gle photon counting, or TCSPC, was used primarily to record fluorescence decay functions of dye solutions in cuvettes. From the beginning, TCSPC was an am- ingly sensitive and accurate technique with excellent time-resolution. However, acquisition times were relatively slow due to the low repetition rate of the light sources and the limited speed of the electronics of the 70s and early 80s. Moreover, TCSPC was intrinsically one-dimensional, i.e. limited to the recording of the wa- form of a periodic light signal. Even with these limitations, it was a wonderful te- nique. More than 20 years have elapsed, and electronics and laser techniques have made impressive progress. The number of transistors on a single chip has approximately doubled every 18 months, resulting in a more than 1,000-fold increase in compl- ity and speed. The repetition rate and power of pulsed light sources have increased by about the same factor.
