Download or read book Perception and Control of Self motion written by Rik Warren and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents studies of self-motion by an international group of basic and applied researchers including biologists, psychologists, comparative physiologists, kinesiologists, aerospace and control engineers, physicians, and physicists. Academia is well represented and accounts for most of the applied research offered. Basic theoretical research is further represented by private research companies and also by government laboratories on both sides of the Atlantic. Researchers and students of biology, psychology, physiology, kinesiology, engineering, and physics who have an interest in self-motion -- whether it be underwater, in space, or on solid ground -- will find this volume of interest. This book presents studies of self-motion by an international group of basic and applied researchers including biologists, psychologists, comparative physiologists, kinesiologists, aerospace and control engineers, physicians, and physicists. Academia is well represented and accounts for most of the applied research offered. Basic theoretical research is further represented by private research companies and also by government laboratories on both sides of the Atlantic. Researchers and students of biology, psychology, physiology, kinesiology, engineering, and physics who have an interest in self-motion -- whether it be underwater, in space, or on solid ground -- will find this volume of interest.
Download or read book Analysis of the Visual Information for Self motion Perception written by Sheryl Maxine Ehrlich and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aspects of Motion Perception written by Paul A. Kolers and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Series of Monographs in Experimental Psychology, Volume 16: Aspects of Motion Perception details the fundamental concepts of the visual system perception of motion. The text first details the various findings about illusory and veridical motions along with the theories conceptualized from those findings. Next, the selection covers the research that studies the reliability and validity of the theories about motion perception. The book also discusses the importance of two-component model of motion perception. The last chapter covers the characteristics of the status of perceptual experiences. The book will be of great use to behavioral scientists and biologists. Ophthalmologists will also benefit from the text.
Download or read book Tutorials on Motion Perception written by Alexander H. Wertheim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From August 24-29, 1980 the international "Symposium on the Study of Motion Perception; Recent Developments and Applications", sponsored by NATO and organized by the editors of this book, was held in Veldhoven, the Netherlands. The meeting was attended by about eighty scholars, including psychologists, neurologists, physicists and other scientists, from fourteen different countries. During the symposium some fifty research papers were presented and a series of tutorial review papers were read and discussed. The research presentations have been published in a special issue of the international journal of psychonomics "Acta Psychologica" (Vol. 48, 1981). The present book is a compilation of the tutorial papers. The tutorials were arranged around early versions of the chapters now appearing in this book. The long discussions at the Veldhoven tutorial sessions resulted in extensive revisions of the texts prior to this publication. Unfortunately this led to a delay in publication, but we feel that this was justified by a greater depth of understanding which, in our opinion, has significantly increased the quality of the book. As they now stand, the chapters cover most of the issues relevant to the study of motion perception. Also they clearly reflect the intensive exchange of knowledge that took place during the symposium. As such we think that this book can be used both as an advanced text for students and scientists alike and as a comprehensive reference source.
Download or read book The Interpretation of Visual Motion written by Shimon Ullman and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses the methodology of artificial intelligence to investigate the phenomena of visual motion perception: how the visual system constructs descriptions of the environment in terms of objects, their three-dimensional shape, and their motion through space, on the basis of the changing image that reaches the eye. The author has analyzed the computations performed in the course of visual motion analysis. Workable schemes able to perform certain tasks performed by the visual system have been constructed and used as vehicles for investigating the problems faced by the visual system and its methods for solving them. Two major problems are treated: first, the correspondence problem, which concerns the identification of image elements that represent the same object at different times, thereby maintaining the perceptual identity of the object in motion or in change. The second problem is the three-dimensional interpretation of the changing image once a correspondence has been established. The author's computational approach to visual theory makes the work unique, and it should be of interest to psychologists working in visual perception and readers interested in cognitive studies in general, as well as computer scientists interested in machine vision, theoretical neurophysiologists, and philosophers of science.
Download or read book Visual Control of Locomotion written by Brett R. Fajen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-22 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Element examines visual perception in the context of activities that involve moving about in complex, dynamic environments. A central theme is that the ability of humans and other animals to perceive their surroundings based on vision is profoundly shaped by the need to adaptively regulate locomotion to variations in the environment. As such, important new insights into what and how we perceive can be gleaned by investigating the connection between vision and the control of locomotion. I present an integrated summary of decades of research on the perception of self-motion and object motion based on optic flow, the perception of spatial layout and affordances, and the control strategies for guiding locomotion based on visual information. I also explore important theoretical issues and debates, including the question of whether visual control relies on internal models.
Download or read book The Perception of Object Motion During Self Motion written by Diederick Christian Niehorster and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Perception of Object Motion During Self-motion" by Diederick Christian, Niehorster, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: When we stand still and do not move our eyes and head, the motion of an object in the world or the absence thereof is directly given by the motion or quiescence of the retinal image. Self-motion through the world however complicates this retinal image. During self-motion, the whole retinal image undergoes coherent global motion, called optic flow. Self-motion therefore causes the retinal motion of objects moving in the world to be confounded by a motion component due to self-motion. How then do we perceive the motion of an object in the world when we ourselves are also moving? Although non-visual information about self-motion, such as provided by efference copies of motor commands and vestibular stimulation, might play a role in this ability, it has recently been shown that the brain possesses a purely visual mechanism that underlies scene-relative object motion perception during self-motion. In the flow parsing hypothesis developed by Rushton and Warren (2005; Warren & Rushton, 2007; 2009b), the brain uses its sensitivity to optic flow to detect and globally remove retinal motion due to self-motion and recover the scene-relative motion of objects. Research into this perceptual ability has so far been of a qualitative nature. In this thesis, I therefore develop a retinal motion nulling paradigm to measure the gain with which the flow parsing mechanism uses the optic flow to remove the self-motion component from an object's retinal motion. I use this paradigm to investigate how accurate scene-relative object motion perception during self-motion can be based on only visual information, whether this flow parsing process depends on a percept of the direction of self-motion and the tuning of flow parsing, i.e., how it is modulated by changes in various stimulus aspects. The results reveal that although adding monocular or binocular depth information to the display to precisely specify the moving object's 3D position in the scene improved the accuracy of flow parsing, the flow parsing gain was never up to the extent required by the scene geometry. Furthermore, the flow parsing gain was lower at higher eccentricities from the focus of expansion in the flow field and was strongly modulated by changes in the motion angle between the self-motion and object motion components in the retinal motion of the moving object, the speeds of these components and the density of the flow field. Lastly, flow parsing was not affected by illusory changes in the perceived direction of self-motion. In conclusion, visual information alone is not sufficient for accurate perception of scene-relative object motion during self-motion. Furthermore, flow parsing takes the 3D position of the moving object in the scene into account and is not a uniform global subtraction process. 8e observed tuning characteristics are different from those of local perceived motion interactions, providing evidence that flow parsing is a separate process from these local motion interactions. Finally, flow parsing does not depend on a prior percept of self-motion direction and instead directly uses the input retinal motion to construct percepts of scene-relative object motion during self-motion. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5177318 Subjects: Motion perception (Vision)
Download or read book Visual Perception of Self Motion written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of sensory engineering, it may be possible to circumvent the problems of spatial-disorientation, increase efficiency, and/or improve performance in self motion tasks by the modification of visual information. As a first step to this end, the visual information necessary for optimal motion perception was explored. In one set of experiments, the effect of eye movements on the ability to perceive small speed or direction differences was investigated.
Download or read book Visual Detection of Motion written by Andrew T. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain's ability to detect movement within the retinal image is crucial not only for determining the trajectories of moving objects, but also for identifying and interpreting image motion resulting from eye and head movements. This book summarizes our knowledge of how information about image motion is encoded in the brain. Key Features * Valuable reference source for those involved in the rapidly expanding area of motion perception * Strong emphasis on integration of physiological, computation, and psychophysical approaches * Topics include: * Principles of local motion detection * Inputs to local motion detectors * Integration of motion signals * Higher-order interpretation of motion * Motion detection and eye movements
Download or read book People Watching written by Kerri Johnson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-04 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human body has long been a rich source of inspiration for the arts, and artists have long recognized the body's special status. While the scientific study of body perception also has an important history, recent technological advances have triggered an explosion of research on the visual perception of the human body in motion, or as it is traditionally called, biological motion perception. Now reaching a point of burgeoning inter-disciplinary focus, biological motion perception research is poised to transform our understanding of person construal. Indeed, several factors highlight a privileged role for the human body as one of the most critical classes of stimuli affecting social perception. Human bodies in motion, for example, are among the most frequent moving stimulus in our environment. They can be readily perceived at a physical distance or visual vantage that precludes face perception. Moreover, body motion conveys meaningful psychological information such as social categories, emotion state, intentions, and underlying dispositions. Thus, body perception appears to serve as a first-pass filter for a vast array of social judgments from the routine (e.g., perceived friendliness in interactions) to the grave (e.g., perceived threat by law enforcement). This book provides an exciting integration of theory and findings that clarify how the human body is perceived by observers.
Download or read book The Senses A Comprehensive Reference written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 5215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set is a comprehensive reference work covering the range of topics that constitute current knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying the different senses. This important work provides the most up-to-date, cutting-edge, comprehensive reference combining volumes on all major sensory modalities in one set. Offering 264 chapters from a distinguished team of international experts, The Senses lays out current knowledge on the anatomy, physiology, and molecular biology of sensory organs, in a collection of comprehensive chapters spanning 4 volumes. Topics covered include the perception, psychophysics, and higher order processing of sensory information, as well as disorders and new diagnostic and treatment methods. Written for a wide audience, this reference work provides students, scholars, medical doctors, as well as anyone interested in neuroscience, a comprehensive overview of the knowledge accumulated on the function of sense organs, sensory systems, and how the brain processes sensory input. As with the first edition, contributions from leading scholars from around the world will ensure The Senses offers a truly international portrait of sensory physiology. The set is the definitive reference on sensory neuroscience and provides the ultimate entry point into the review and original literature in Sensory Neuroscience enabling students and scientists to delve into the subject and deepen their knowledge. All-inclusive coverage of topics: updated edition offers readers the only current reference available covering neurobiology, physiology, anatomy, and molecular biology of sense organs and the processing of sensory information in the brain Authoritative content: world-leading contributors provide readers with a reputable, dynamic and authoritative account of the topics under discussion Comprehensive-style content: in-depth, complex coverage of topics offers students at upper undergraduate level and above full insight into topics under discussion
Download or read book Visual Motion Perception and Visual Information Processing written by George Sperling and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Visual motion and self motion processing in the human brain MPI Series in Biological Cybernetics Bd 31 written by Elvira Fischer and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2011 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the successful recognition of objective, `real' motion based on visual cues it is necessary to take self-induced motion signals into account, such as those induced by eye-movements. During a series of fMRI studies we measured responses of visual and parietal regions to motion cues derived from (a) retinal motion, (b) eyemovements (visual pursuit) and (c) objective, (real) motion. We show that the recently described cingulate sulcus visual area (CSv) is not, as implied before, primarily driven by 3D self-motion cues but favoured 2D translational coherent motion over 3D expanding flow fields. Further, we found that V3A is capable of integrating retinal motion with eye-movements, thus allowing V3A to respond to object motion independent of retinal motion. This allowed us to define a new functional localizer for area V3A. Finally, we showed that activity in the foveal representation of the early visual cortex is driven by a combination of retinal input and by error signals as hypothesized by of Rao and Ballard (1999) for predictive coding. Taken together, this work provides evidence that regions V3A and CSv are key regions concerning visual self-motion processing and that early visual regions might be modulated by feedback from higher motion processing regions.
Download or read book The Measurement of Visual Motion written by Ellen Catherine Hildreth and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1984 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The organization of movement in the changing image that reaches the eye provides our visual system with a valuable source of information for analyzing the structure of our surroundings. This book examines the measurement of this movement and the use of relative movement to locate the boundaries of physical objects in the environment.
Download or read book Perception and Control Pr written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Self motion Perception Through Visual Optic Flow and Vestibular Cues written by Daniel Christopher Zikovitz and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Gravity on Self Motion Perception written by Pearl Shaina Guterman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gravity is the most pervasive force that we encounter. For instance, we observe a variety of objects being accelerated toward the Earth by gravity, but we also experience these forces when we are simply stationaryas gravity is a constant accelerationor when we are ourselves in motion, such as when we are locomoting on foot, driving a vehicle, jumping or skiing. It follows that our ability to successfully navigate our environment must somehow take into account the effects of gravity on our body's motion-detecting sensesa dynamic relationship which changes with self-motion and self-orientation. The goal of this dissertation was to investigate how body orientation relative to gravity influences visual-vestibular interactions in visually-induced perception of self-motion (i.e., vection). Specifically, I examined this relationship by placing observers in varied postures and presenting visual displays simulating forward/backward self-motion with vertical/horizontal viewpoint oscillation, that mimics components produced by head-movements in real self-motion. I found that tilting observers reduced vection and the two viewpoint oscillations similarly enhanced vection, suggesting that current postural and oscillation-based vection findings are best explained by ecology. I also examined the influence of scene structure and alignment of the body and visual motion relative to gravity on vection. Observers in different postures viewed simulated translational self-motion displays consisting of either a single rigid structure or dots. The experimental data showed that vection depended on both posture and the perceived interpretation of the visual scene, indicating that self-motion perception is modulated by high-order cognitive processes. I also found that observers reported illusory tilt of the stimulus when they were not upright. I investigated these observer reports of a posture-dependent perceived stimulus tilt by presenting upright and tilted observers with static and motion stimuli that were tilted from the graviational vertical. Postural-dependent tilt effects were found for both these stimuli and were greater for motion experienced as self-motion than external motion. Taken together, the results of this dissertation demonstrate that our perception of self-motion is influenced by gravity, and by prior experiences and internal mental representations of our visual world.
