Download or read book Analysis of Environmental Impacts of Large scale Wind Farms Using Remote Sensing written by Jenell M. Walsh-Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind energy is increasingly becoming a prevalent alternative, renewable energy resource as societies worldwide are attempting to reduce their carbon footprint in an effort to mitigate the negative effects of climate change and to compensate for the ever decreasing supply of worldwide fossil fuel sources. There are many benefits to utilizing wind energy due to the lack of pollutant releases in the atmosphere, ocean or soil. Particularly important is the decreased carbon dioxide emissions, which has been associated with mitigating climate change. Wind energy is a renewable resource, it can have a positive economic impact, and there are several locations on the planet that are good candidates for wind energy production. While there are many advantages in harnessing wind energy to produce electricity, the impacts of wind turbines and perhaps more importantly of large scale wind farms on the environment need to be determined and examined in a quantitative way in order to make and support sound decisions on the placement of wind farms as well as the mitigation of any harmful environmental impacts. Any direct environmental impact of large scale wind farms needs to be investigated because it could impact agriculture, economics, health, society, and technology. Baidya Roy, et al (2004); Baidya Roy & Traiteur (2010); and Baidya Roy (2011), have published a series of manuscripts analyzing data obtained from meteorological towers in conjunction with predictions based on computer modeling and hypothesize that large-scale wind farms produce a measureable effect on ambient air temperature. Collecting in situ data quickly becomes difficult from a practical perspective as the size of the wind farm facility increases because many sensors are needed over a large area. Satellite remote sensing observations are particularly suited to study temperature changes over large areas due to the availability of high resolution measurements over many years. While the hypothesis based on relevant literature review is that wind farms have a measureable impact, the proposed goal of this thesis is to quantitatively assess the environmental impacts of operational wind farms, specifically surface temperature and vegetation, with the potential to expand to other variables, using Landsat and other satellite derived imagery, such as from Terra equipped with a moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS) or SPOT equipped with a vegetation mapper with 1 km spatial resolution.
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications written by Charlotte Bay Hasager and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-05-24 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue “Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications” hosts papers on aspects of remote sensing for atmospheric conditions for wind energy applications. Wind lidar technology is presented from a theoretical view on the coherent focused Doppler lidar principles. Furthermore, wind lidar for applied use for wind turbine control, wind farm wake, and gust characterizations is presented, as well as methods to reduce uncertainty when using lidar in complex terrain. Wind lidar observations are used to validate numerical model results. Wind Doppler lidar mounted on aircraft used for observing winds in hurricane conditions and Doppler radar on the ground used for very short-term wind forecasting are presented. For the offshore environment, floating lidar data processing is presented as well as an experiment with wind-profiling lidar on a ferry for model validation. Assessments of wind resources in the coastal zone using wind-profiling lidar and global wind maps using satellite data are presented.
Download or read book Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change written by Sam J. Purkis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-07 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing plays a key role in monitoring the various manifestations of global climate change. It is used routinely in the assessment and mapping of biodiversity over large areas, in the monitoring of changes to the physical environment, in assessing threats to various components of natural systems, and in the identification of priority areas for conservation. This book presents the fundamentals of remote sensing technology, but rather than containing lengthy explanations of sensor specifications and operation, it concentrates instead on the application of the technology to key environmental systems. Each system forms the basis of a separate chapter, and each is illustrated by real world case studies and examples. Readership The book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in earth science, environmental science, or physical geography taking a course in environmental remote sensing. It will also be an invaluable reference for environmental scientists and managers who require an overview of the use of remote sensing in monitoring and mapping environmental change at regional and global scales. Additional resources for this book can be found at: http://www.wiley.com/go/purkis/remote.
Download or read book Potential Climatic Impacts and Reliability of Very Large Scale Wind Farms written by Chien Wang (Atmospheric Chemistry Research Scientist.) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meeting future world energy needs while addressing climate change requires large-scale deployment of low or zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission technologies such as wind energy. The widespread availability of wind power has fueled substantial interest in this renewable energy source as one of the needed technologies. For very large-scale utilization of this resource, there are however potential environmental impacts, and also problems arising from its inherent intermittency, in addition to the present need to lower unit costs. To explore some of these issues, we use a three-dimensional climate model to simulate the potential climate effects associated with installation of wind-powered generators over vast areas of land or coastal ocean. Using wind turbines to meet 10% or more of global energy demand in 2100, could cause surface warming exceeding 1 °C over land installations. In contrast, surface cooling exceeding 1 °C is computed over ocean installations, but the validity of simulating the impacts of wind turbines by simply increasing the ocean surface drag needs further study. Significant warming or cooling remote from both the land and ocean installations, and alterations of the global distributions of rainfall and clouds also occur. These results are influenced by the competing effects of increases in roughness and decreases in wind speed on near-surface turbulent heat fluxes, the differing nature of land and ocean surface friction, and the dimensions of the installations parallel and perpendicular to the prevailing winds. These results are also dependent on the accuracy of the model used, and the realism of the methods applied to simulate wind turbines. Additional theory and new field observations will be required for their ultimate validation. Intermittency of wind power on daily, monthly and longer time scales as computed in these simulations and inferred from meteorological observations, poses a demand for one or more options to ensure reliability, including backup generation capacity, very long distance power transmission lines, and onsite energy storage, each with specific economic and/or technological challenges.
Download or read book Assessment of Energy Sources Using GIS written by Lubos Matejicek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a comprehensive guide to the use of geographic information systems (GIS) for the spatial analysis of supply and demand for energy in the global and local scale. It gathers the latest research and techniques in GIS for spatial and temporal analysis of energy systems, mapping of energy from fossil fuels, optimization of renewable energy sources, optimized deployment of existing power sources, and assessment of environmental impact of all of the above. Author Lubos Matejicek covers GIS for assessment a wide variety of energy sources, including fossil fuels, hydropower, wind power, solar energy, biomass energy, and nuclear power as well as the use of batteries and accumulators. The author also utilizes case studies to illustrate advanced techniques such as multicriteria analysis, environmental modeling for prediction of energy consumption, and the use of mobile computing and multimedia tools.
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Wind Energy Projects written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Environmental Impacts of Wind-Energy Projects and published by . This book was released on 2007-08-31 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electricity generation in 2006.
Download or read book Potential Climatic Impacts and Reliability of Large scale Offshore Wind Farms written by Chien Wang (Atmospheric Chemistry Research Scientist.) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast availability of wind power has fueled substantial interest in this renewable energy source as a potential near-zero greenhouse gas emission technology for meeting future world energy needs while addressing the climate change issue. However, in order to provide even a fraction of the estimated future energy needs, a large-scale deployment of wind turbines (several million) is required. The consequent environmental impacts, and the inherent reliability of such a large-scale usage of intermittent wind power would have to be carefully assessed, in addition to the need to lower the high current unit wind power costs. Our previous study (Wang and Prinn 2010 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10 2053) using a three-dimensional climate model suggested that a large deployment of wind turbines over land to meet about 10% of predicted world energy needs in 2100 could lead to a significant temperature increase in the lower atmosphere over the installed regions. A global-scale perturbation to the general circulation patterns as well as to the cloud and precipitation distribution was also predicted. In the later study reported here, we conducted a set of six additional model simulations using an improved climate model to further address the potential environmental and intermittency issues of large-scale deployment of offshore wind turbines for differing installation areas and spatial densities. In contrast to the previous land installation results, the offshore wind turbine installations are found to cause a surface cooling over the installed offshore regions. This cooling is due principally to the enhanced latent heat flux from the sea surface to lower atmosphere, driven by an increase in turbulent mixing caused by the wind turbines which was not entirely offset by the concurrent reduction of mean wind kinetic energy. We found that the perturbation of the large-scale deployment of offshore wind turbines to the global climate is relatively small compared to the case of land-based installations. However, the intermittency caused by the significant seasonal wind variations over several major offshore sites is substantial, and demands further options to ensure the reliability of large-scale offshore wind power. The method that we used to simulate the offshore wind turbine effect on the lower atmosphere involved simply increasing the ocean surface drag coefficient. While this method is consistent with several detailed fine-scale simulations of wind turbines, it still needs further study to ensure its validity. New field observations of actual wind turbine arrays are definitely required to provide ultimate validation of the model predictions presented here.
Download or read book Wind Energy and Wildlife Impacts written by Regina Bispo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-25 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a state-of-art overview of the significant advances in understanding the impacts of wind energy on wildlife. However, many challenges remain regarding planning and policy, assessment of direct and indirect effects on wildlife, methodological approaches, technology development, and mitigation strategies and their effectiveness. The book comprises a selection of the best contributions presented at the 4th Conference on Wind energy and Wildlife impacts, held in Estoril, Portugal, 2017. The contents promote the international cooperation among researchers, developers, regulators and stakeholders that have contributed to building knowledge on this topic.
Download or read book Remote Sensing Applications in Environmental and Earth System Sciences written by Nicolas R. Dalezios and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-12 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing Applications in Environmental and Earth System Sciences is a contemporary, multi-disciplinary, multi-scaling, updated, and upgraded approach of applied remote sensing in the environment. The book begins with an overview of remote sensing technology, and then explains the types of data that can be used as well as the image processing and analysis methods that can be applied to each type of application through the use of case studies throughout. Includes a wide spectrum of environmental applications and issues Explains methodological image analysis and interpretation procedures for conducting a variety of environmental analyses Discusses the development of early warning systems Covers monitoring of the environment as a whole – atmosphere, land, and water Explores the latest remote sensing systems in environmental applications This book is an excellent resource for anyone who is interested in remote sensing technologies and their use in Earth systems, natural resources, and environmental science.
Download or read book Environmental Assessment Using Remotely Sensed Data written by Jerrold W. Christenson and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Numerical Simulations of the Impact of Large Wind Farms on Local Climate written by Yogesh Rao Kadiyala and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to decrease in fossil fuel levels, the world is shifting focus towards renewable sources of energy. With an annual average growth rate of 25%, wind is one of the foremost source of harnessing cleaner energy for production of electricity. Wind turbines have been developed to tap power from wind. As a single wind turbine is insufficient, multiple turbines are installed forming a wind farm. Generally, wind farms can have hundreds to thousands of turbines concentrated in a small region. There have been multiple studies centering the influence of weather on such wind farms, but no substantial research focused on how wind farms effect local climate. Technological advances have allowed development of commercial wind turbines with a power output greater than 7.58 MW. This has led to a reduction in required number of turbines and has optimized land usage. Hence, current research considers higher power density compared to previous works that relied on wind farm density of 2 to 4 W/m 2 . Simulations were performed using Weather Research and Forecasting software provided by NCAR. The region of simulation is Southern Oregon, with domains including both onshore and offshore wind farms. Unlike most previous works, where wind farms were considered to be on a flat ground, effects of topography have also been considered here. Study of seasonal effects over wind farms has provided better insight into changes in local wind direction. Analysis of mean velocity difference across wind farms at a height of 10m and 150m gives an understanding of wind velocity profiles. Results presented in this research tends to contradict earlier belief that velocity reduces throughout the farm. Large scale simulations have shown that sometimes, more than 50% of the farm can have an increased wind velocity of up to 1m/sat an altitude of 10m.
Download or read book Issues in Renewable Energy Technologies 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Renewable Energy Technologies / 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Hydrologic Engineering. The editors have built Issues in Renewable Energy Technologies: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Hydrologic Engineering in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Renewable Energy Technologies: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Automated Surface Observing System written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Economics and Environmental Impacts of Large scale Wind Power in a Carbon Constrained World written by Joseph Frank DeCarolis and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Greening the Wind written by George C. Ledec and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides advice for the planning, construction, and operation of land-based wind power projects in ways that can (i) avoid harm to birds, bats, and natural habitats; (ii) manage visual and other local impacts in ways acceptable to most stakeholders; and (iii) address compensation, benefits-sharing, and socio-cultural concerns.
Download or read book Introduction to Environmental Remote Sensing written by Eric C. Barrett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking a detailed, non-mathematical approach to the principles on which remote sensing is based, this book progresses from the physical principles to the application of remote sensing.
Download or read book Danish Offshore Wind written by DONG Energy and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
