Download or read book An Observational Analysis of the Dimensional Characteristics of Global Mass Mixed Ratio Water Vapor Via the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder written by Barry Scott Martinez and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water vapor plays a key role in the atmospheric hydrological cycle by allowing winds to move water around Earth and by providing the water source for the formation of clouds and precipitation. This study utilizes the complete 14-year observational data record of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), the first spaceborne instrument specifically designed to measure changes in the amount of atmospheric water vapor and other greenhouse gases. This study is of an observational analysis only into the characteristic into the vertical distribution and dimensional examination of precipitable water vapor through the 925mb -- 300mb levels of the atmosphere.
Download or read book A Technique to Infer Atmospheric Water vapor Mixing Ratio from Measured Horizon Radiance Profiles written by Thomas B. McKee and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparison of spectroscopic and radiometric measurements of upper atmosphere water vapor written by Ira G. Nolt and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report compares simultaneous spectroscopic and radiometric measurements of atmospheric water vapor above aircraft flight levels and determines the water vapor overburden. The measurements taken during 15 flights indicate that (1) both techniques give the same water vapor overburden to within 1 micrometer of precipitable water vapor, and (2) the median water vapor overburden is 6.5 micrometers precipitable water vapor at 41,000 ft (approx 180 mbar pressure) in the mid-latitude western United States during the summer/fall season, with a range from 4 to 11 micrometers.
Download or read book Zonal Profiles of Atmospheric Water Vapor written by Peter M. Kuhn and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Water Vapor written by Adarsh Deepak and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-25 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric Water Vapor contains the technical proceedings of the International Workshop on Atmospheric Water Vapor held in Vail, Colorado, on September 11-13, 1979. The papers assess the state-of-the-art in measurement, modeling, and application of atmospheric water vapor properties and highlight important problems that require further effort in order to better understand the atmosphere itself as well as the electromagnetic propagation through the atmosphere. Comprised of 39 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on the optics and spectroscopy of water vapor. Some actual spectra showing the problems specific to the water molecule are described, along with the method used to calculate precise vibration-rotation energy levels and wave functions. Atmospheric infrared transmission measurements in maritime locations are also presented. Subsequent sections explore microwave and millimeter wave phenomena; geoastrophysical applications; and in situ measurements, remote sensing, and meteorology of water vapor. The final chapters deal with the microphysics and atmospheric chemistry of water vapor. This monograph will be of interest to scientists from universities, government agencies, research laboratories, and industry.
Download or read book Temperature Change and Water Vapor Feedback in the Atmosphere A Comprehensive Assessment Using the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder Instrument on NASA Aqua Satellite written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature change and water vapor feedback in the atmosphere. A comprehensive assessment using the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder instrument on NASA Aqua satellite.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Hydrological Sciences written by M. G. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Water Vapor Estimates from Measurements from Active GPS RO Sensors and Passive Infrared and Microwave Sounders written by Shu-Peng Ho and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water vapor plays an important role in both climate change processes and atmospheric chemistry and photochemistry. Global water vapor vertical profile can be derived from satellite infrared and microwave sounders. However, no single remote sensing technique is capable of completely fulfilling the needs for numerical weather prediction, chemistry, and climate studies in terms of vertical resolution, spatial and temporal coverage, and accuracy. In addition to the passive infrared and microwave sounder observations, the active global positioning system (GPS) radio occultation (RO) technique can also provide all-weather temperature and moisture profiles. In this chapter, we describe the current developments of global water vapor vertical profile and total precipitable water derived from active GPS RO measurements. In addition, we also demonstrate the potential improvement of global water vapor estimates using combined active GPS RO and passive IR/MW particularly from Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) and Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) measurements. Results show that because RO data are very sensitive to water vapor variation in the moisture rich troposphere, the RO data are able to provide extra water vapor information for the combined AIRS/ATMS and RO retrievals in the lower troposphere.
Download or read book Production of a Long Term Global Water Vapor and Liquid Water Data Set Using Ultra Fast Methods to Assimilate Multi Satellite and Radiosonde Observations written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a well-documented requirement for a comprehensive and accurate global moisture data set to assist many important studies in atmospheric science. Currently, atmospheric water vapor measurements are made from a variety of sources including radiosondes, aircraft and surface observations, and in recent years, by various satellite instruments. Creating a global data set from a single measuring system produces results that are useful and accurate only in specific situations and/or areas. Therefore, an accurate global moisture data set has been derived from a combination of these measurement systems. Under a NASA peer-reviewed contract, STC-METSAT produced two 5-yr (1988-1992) global data sets. One is the total column (integrated) water vapor data set and the other, a global layered water vapor data set using a combination of radiosonde observations, Television and Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) Operational Satellite (TOVS), and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) data sets. STC-METSAT also produced a companion, global, integrated liquid water data set. The complete data set (all three products) has been named NVAP, an anachronym for NASA Water Vapor Project. STC-METSAT developed methods to process the data at a daily time scale and 1 x 1 deg spatial resolution. Vonderhaar, Thomas H. and Randel, David L. and Reinke, Donald L. and Stephens, Graeme L. and Ringerud, Mark A. and Combs, Cynthia L. and Greenwald, Thomas J. and Wittmeyer, Ian L. Unspecified Center NASW-4715...
Download or read book Atmospheric Rivers written by F. Martin Ralph and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the standard reference based on roughly 20 years of research on atmospheric rivers, emphasizing progress made on key research and applications questions and remaining knowledge gaps. The book presents the history of atmospheric-rivers research, the current state of scientific knowledge, tools, and policy-relevant (science-informed) problems that lend themselves to real-world application of the research—and how the topic fits into larger national and global contexts. This book is written by a global team of authors who have conducted and published the majority of critical research on atmospheric rivers over the past years. The book is intended to benefit practitioners in the fields of meteorology, hydrology and related disciplines, including students as well as senior researchers.
Download or read book Water Vapor Measurement written by Pieter R. Wiederhold and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering all aspects of humidity measurement and instrumentation, this work includes rudiments and theory, common applications, advantages and limitations of frequently-used sensors and techniques, and guidelines for installation, maintenance and calibration. The disk is intended for easy conversions of humidity parameters and units.
Download or read book Water Vapor Variability Across Spatial Scales written by Kyle Gregory Pressel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this dissertation is the scale dependence of water vapor variability as observed by remote sensing and in situ measurements, and predicted by aqua-planet simulation. Global observations of the water vapor field from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) are used to show that the first order structure function of the water vapor field exhibits power law behavior for scales between 50 km and 500 km throughout much of the troposphere. The power law scaling exponents are shown to vary between the boundary layer and free troposphere, with first order structure function scaling exponents of approximately 1/3 in the boundary layer and less than 1/2 in the free troposphere. Observations from the 396 m level of the WLEF television broadcast tower are used to show that the convective mixed layer layer and nocturnal residual layer exhibit power law behavior of first order structure functions and first order detrended fluctuation functions for scales between 1 km and 100 km. The power law scaling exponents computed from the tower observations of the convective mixed layer are shown to be consistent with the AIRS boundary layer regime exponents, while the exponents computed from the tower observations of the residual layer are shown to be consistent with AIRS free tropospheric regime scaling exponents. Finally, structure functions of the instantaneous water vapor field are computed from aqua-planet simulations performed at T85 and T340 spectral resolutions. Free tropospheric structure function scaling exponents for scales less than 500 km computed from the T340 spectral resolution simulation are shown to agree very well with free tropospheric scaling exponents computed from AIRS. Boundary layer structure function scaling exponents from the T340 spectral resolution are shown to be generally larger than boundary layer scaling exponents from AIRS.
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Final Report for ARM Project Measuring 4 D Water Vapor Fields with GPS written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water vapor is a primary element in the Earth's climate system. Atmospheric water vapor is central to cloud processes, radiation transfer, and the hydrological cycle. Using funding from Department of Energy (DOE) grant DE-FG03-02ER63327, the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) developed new observational techniques to measure atmospheric water vapor and applied these techniques to measure four dimensional water vapor fields throughout the United States Southern Great Plains region. This report summarizes the development of a new observation from ground based Global Positioning System (GPS) stations called Slant Water Vapor (SW) and it's utilization in retrieving four dimensional water vapor fields. The SW observation represents the integrated amount of water vapor between a GPS station and a transmitting satellite. SW observations provide improved temporal and spatial sampling of the atmosphere when compared to column-integrated quantities such as preciptitable water vapor (PW). Under funding from the DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program, GPS networks in the Southern Great Plains (SGP) region were deployed to retrieve SW to improve the characterization of water vapor throughout the region. These observations were used to estimate four dimensional water vapor fields using tomographic approaches and through assimilation into the MM5 numerical weather model.
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars written by Robert M. Haberle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humanity has long been fascinated by the planet Mars. Was its climate ever conducive to life? What is the atmosphere like today and why did it change so dramatically over time? Eleven spacecraft have successfully flown to Mars since the Viking mission of the 1970s and early 1980s. These orbiters, landers and rovers have generated vast amounts of data that now span a Martian decade (roughly eighteen years). This new volume brings together the many new ideas about the atmosphere and climate system that have emerged, including the complex interplay of the volatile and dust cycles, the atmosphere-surface interactions that connect them over time, and the diversity of the planet's environment and its complex history. Including tutorials and explanations of complicated ideas, students, researchers and non-specialists alike are able to use this resource to gain a thorough and up-to-date understanding of this most Earth-like of planetary neighbours.
Download or read book The Changing Flow of Energy Through the Climate System written by Kevin E. Trenberth and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elegant, novel explanation of climate change, emphasizing physical understanding and concepts, while avoiding complex mathematics, supported by excellent color illustrations.
