Download or read book An Investigation of Tests of Susceptibility to Noise induced Hearing Loss written by B. W. Lawton and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Noise and Military Service written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-01-20 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute of Medicine carried out a study mandated by Congress and sponsored by the Department of Veterans Affairs to provide an assessment of several issues related to noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus associated with service in the Armed Forces since World War II. The resulting book, Noise and Military Service: Implications for Hearing Loss and Tinnitus, presents findings on the presence of hazardous noise in military settings, levels of noise exposure necessary to cause hearing loss or tinnitus, risk factors for noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus, the timing of the effects of noise exposure on hearing, and the adequacy of military hearing conservation programs and audiometric testing. The book stresses the importance of conducting hearing tests (audiograms) at the beginning and end of military service for all military personnel and recommends several steps aimed at improving the military services' prevention of and surveillance for hearing loss and tinnitus. The book also identifies research needs, emphasizing topics specifically related to military service.
Download or read book Development of an Audiometric Technique to Identify Individuals Susceptibility to Noise written by Marie-Pier Champagne and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BoldAbstract /bolduniderlineIntroduction/underline: As shown in previous studies (Borg, Nilsson, & Engström, 1983; Zakrisson, Borg, Liden & Nilsson, 1980) the absence of acoustic reflex (AR) increases the hearing hazards from noise exposure. Past researchers (Stach, 1987; Colletti & Sittoni, 1986; Stach & Jerger, 1984) have studied the AR as a potential indicator of individuals' susceptibility to noise. The Colletti & Sittoni (1986) study indicates a relationship between the strength of the acoustic reflex contraction and the ear's resistance to noise. However, no relationship has been established so far between the acoustic reflex characteristics and susceptibility to develop a noise-induced hearing loss.^The goal of this project is to evaluate whether the strength of contraction of the acoustic reflex in workers exposed to high level noise is correlated with their industrial acquired hearing loss.Method: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 82 workers exposed to noise environments (Leq) of approximately 90 dBA. Participants were divided into four groups according to their hearing threshold (HT) in relation to their predicted ISO 1999 distribution (predicted hearing threshold based on a normal distribution with a given age as well as time and level of exposure). Group 1 was composed of workers with excellent hearing (HT falling between the 75th and the 90th percentile of the ISO 1999 distribution), Group 2 with just above average hearing workers (HT between the 50th and the 75th percentile), and Group 3 with just below average hearing workers (HT between the 25th and the 50th percentile.^Group 4, on its side, was composed of workers that had developed the same amount of hearing loss as Group 2 workers but in a much shorter period of time (3 to 10 years in contrast to 13 to 20 years for Group 2 workers). All participants underwent an audiometric testing as well as an acoustic reflex measurement using a newly developed Interacoustic Wideband Reflectance instrument. Wideband acoustic reflexes were evaluated using 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz pure tones as well as a broad band noise. The acoustic reflex thresholds, strength of contraction as well as dynamic range were compared between the four groups for all stimulus presentations.Results: Observed results tend to show that Group 1 (more resistant to noise) has on average stronger acoustic reflex (lower acoustic reflex threshold, stronger contraction) than Group 4 (least resistant to noise).^However, due to a large inter-individual variability and relatively small number of subjects for a field study, the observed tendencies are not statistically significant. The need for further investigation to establish a correlation or a lack of correlation between AR and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss is clear. It would be of great interest to be able to prevent noise-induced hearing loss before it happens.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Auditory Tests for the Early Detection of Noise Susceptible Individuals A Literature Study written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alteration of Susceptibility to Noise induced Hearing Loss Through Interruption of Sympathetic Inputs to the Cochlea written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1966, sympathetic fibers were identified in the cochlea, terminating on the cochlear artery and near the auditory nerve fibers at the level of the habenula perforata (Spoendlin and Lichtensteiger, 1966). The cochlear sympathetic fibers originate in the stellate ganglion (SG) and the superior cervical ganglion (SCG). Both sets of fibers have a demonstrated effect on cochlear blood flow (CBF) (Laurikainen et al., 1993, 1994, 1997; Ren et al., 1993). The SCG fibers have been implicated in modulation of susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) (Borg, 1982; Hildesheimer et al., 1991; Horner et al., 2001; Hildesheimer et al., 2002). Ablation of the SCG generally leads to protection from NIHL, but the previous studies do not separate the effects of SCG ablation on temporary and permanent threshold shift (TTS and PTS), and there is also some question about whether the effect is unilateral or bilateral. In the current study, we explore the effects of unilateral and bilateral SCG ablation on threshold shift from noise exposure, as measured with inferior colliculus (IC) evoked potentials, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), and outer hair cell (OHC) loss. SCGs were isolated at the level of the bifurcation of the carotid artery and removed unilaterally in 15 chinchillas. Another 8 chinchillas underwent bilateral ablation. 20 animals were employed as sham controls. Each animal was implanted with IC electrodes and exposed to an octave band noise centered at 4 kHz for one hour at 110 dB SPL. Hearing thresholds and DPOAE input/output functions were measured at six hours, one day, three days, one week, and three weeks after the noise. After the three-week test, animals were sacrificed and OHCs were counted for cochleograms. Results showed improved recovery of DPOAE amplitudes after noise exposure in ears that underwent SCGectomy, as well as lower evoked potential threshold shifts relative to sham controls. Effects of SCGectomy on OHC loss were small. Results of the study suggest that sympathetic fibers do exert some influence on susceptibility to noise, but the influence may not be a major one.
Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.
Download or read book Clinician Approaches to Noise Exposed Normal Hearing Ears written by Sarah Powell and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been well-established that there is large variability between individuals' vulnerability to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), but recent work has galvanized the auditory research and clinical communities to re-evaluate the physiologic and perceptual consequences of subclinical noise-induced damage in individuals that would traditionally be considered "normal hearing." The auditory efferent system is one potential source of variation between individuals, and research in animal models indicates that strength of the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) is predictive of vulnerability to noise damage because it suppresses cochlear gain. Therefore, it has been proposed that MOCR strength may be useful as a clinical tool to identify individuals who could benefit from targeted hearing conservation efforts before clinically-significant NIHL is evident on the audiogram. However, limited research on the MOCR in humans has explored the reliability of this measure over time intervals greater than one week, and the few studies that have investigated how noise exposure itself may induce changes in MOCR strength yield mixed results. In order to address these gaps, contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions were measured as an index of MOCR strength in audiometrically normal hearing young adults with diverse noise exposure histories over 5 test sessions. Suppression was found reliable within the majority of participants and noise exposure the day before testing was not related to small changes in suppression between sessions. Noise exposure the week before testing was not directly related to MOCR strength, but may undermine an MOCR enhancement in musicians, motivating further investigation of mechanisms by which musical training and noise exposure induce plasticity of the MOCR. For a novel tool to successfully be translated from research to practice, perspectives from the potential clinical end-users is warranted. To evaluate audiologists' receptiveness to MOCR and perception of need for a new tool to address subclinical hearing loss, a survey was distributed. Responses reveal valuable clinical perspectives for auditory researchers wishing to tailor their work for eventual clinical application. Integration of researchers' and clinicians' knowledge can direct work that ultimately benefits patient populations and the general public.
Download or read book An Approach to an Indicator for Susceptibility to Noise induced Hearing Loss written by Marvin R. Kolodny and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Susceptibility to noise induced hearing loss in listeners with different absolute sensitivity written by Gary Thomas Metz and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Basic and Applied Aspects of Noise Induced Hearing Loss written by Richard J. Salvi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In September 1985, NATO sponsored an Advanced Study WOl'kshop entitled, "Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Basic and Applied Aspects." Tne meeting was held in a mountain retreat near Lucca, Italy and was attended by scientists, clinicians, and public officials from 12 countries. This was the third in a series of such conferences organized by the authors. The first two were supported by the United States National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health; their proceedings were published as "The Effects of Noise on Hearing" in 1976 and "New Perspectives on Noise-Induced Hearing Loss" in 1982. The Organizing Committee approached NATO because it was felt that the problem of noise was common to all industrialized countries and was an especially serious problem for the military. Thus, the NATO sponsorship and the Italian site of the meeting were part of the Organizing Committee's plan to obtain an international and thorough repr'esentation on the problem of noise-induced hearing loss. The NATO meeting and proceedings followed the format of the previous two symposia with an initial focus on the anatomical and physiological disturbances resulting from noise-induced hearing loss. This was followed by sections devoted to studies of a more applied nature involving general auditory performance in noise, issues associated with the establishment of noise-exposure criteria, nonauditory effects of noise, and the interaction of noise with other agents.
Download or read book Development and Evaluation of an Acoustic Reflex Test for Identifying Individuals Susceptible to Noise induced Hearing Loss written by Jill Ann Lipoti and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Noise Induced Hearing Loss written by Colleen G. Le Prell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-30 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to loud noise continues to be the largest cause of hearing loss in the adult population. The problem of NIHL impacts a number of disciplines. US standards for permissible noise exposure were originally published in 1968 and remain largely unchanged today. Indeed, permissible noise exposure for US personnel is significantly greater than that allowed in numerous other countries, including for example, Canada, China, Brazil, Mexico, and the European Union. However, there have been a number of discoveries and advances that have increased our understanding of the mechanisms of NIHL. These advances have the potential to impact how NIHL can be prevented and how our noise standards can be made more appropriate.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cummings Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery E Book written by Paul W. Flint and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-03-09 with total page 3675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through four editions, Cummings Otolaryngology has been the world's most trusted source for comprehensive guidance on all facets of head and neck surgery. This 5th Edition - edited by Paul W. Flint, Bruce H. Haughey, Valerie J. Lund, John K. Niparko, Mark A. Richardson, K. Thomas Robbins, and J. Regan Thomas – equips you to implement all the newest discoveries, techniques, and technologies that are shaping patient outcomes. You'll find new chapters on benign neoplasms, endoscopic DCR, head and neck ultrasound, and trends in surgical technology... a new section on rhinology... and coverage of hot topics such as Botox. Plus, your purchase includes access to the complete contents of this encyclopedic reference online, with video clips of key index cases! Overcome virtually any clinical challenge with detailed, expert coverage of every area of head and neck surgery, authored by hundreds of leading luminaries in the field. See clinical problems as they present in practice with 3,200 images - many new to this edition. Consult the complete contents of this encyclopedic reference online, with video clips of key index cases! Stay current with new chapters on benign neoplasms, endoscopic DCR, head and neck ultrasound, and trends in surgical technology... a new section on rhinology... and coverage of hot topics including Botox. Get fresh perspectives from a new editorial board and many new contributors. Find what you need faster through a streamlined format, reorganized chapters, and a color design that expedites reference.
Download or read book Departments of Labor Health and Human Services Education and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2013 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 1834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Occupational Health written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
