Download or read book An Investigation of Diesel Fuel Composition Exhaust Emission Relationship written by J.C. Tyler and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Investigation of Diesel Fuel Composition Exhaust Emission Relationships written by John C. Tyler and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present investigation has been conducted to study the effects of hydrocarbon composition and additive content of diesel fuels on exhaust pollutant emissions. The reported results were obtained using a two-cylinder, four-stroke cycle Onan diesel engine-generator unit instrumented for exhaust emissions measurements. Seven different fuels and fuel blends having aromatic contents varying from 0 to 74 percent and cetane numbers from 37 to 71 were investigated. The results of this study demonstrate that increasing concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons in the fuel significantly increase emission of oxides of nitrogen while slightly decreasing the emission of unburned hydrocarbons, while other fuel characteristics, including cetane number, remain essentially constant. A full-scale, six-cylinder military engine (LDT-465) was used to verify the aromatics vs NOx relationship obtained with the Onan motor-generator unit.

Download or read book Health Effects of Transport related Air Pollution written by Michal Krzyzanowski and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2005 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diseases related to the air pollution caused by road transport affect tens of thousands of people in the WHO Europe region each year. This publication considers the policy challenges involved in the need to reduce the related risks to public health and the environment, whilst meeting socio-economic requirements for effective transport systems. It sets out a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive evaluation of the health hazards of transport-related air pollution, including factors determining emissions, the contribution of traffic to pollution levels, human exposure and the results of epidemiological and toxicological studies to identify and measure the health effects, and suggestions for policy actions and further research.

Download or read book Diesel Fuel Component Contribution to Engine Emissions and Performance Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary diesel fuel is a blend of several refinery streams chosen to meet specifications. The need to increase yield of transportation fuel from crude oil has resulted in converting increased proportions of residual oil to lighter products. This conversion is accomplished by thermal, catalytic, and hydrocracking of high molecular weight materials rich in aromatic compounds. The current efforts to reformulate California diesel fuel for reduced emissions from existing engines is an example of another driving force affecting refining practice: regulations designed to reduce exhaust emissions. Although derived from petroleum crude oil, reformulated diesel fuel is an alternative to current specification-grade diesel fuel, and this alternative presents opportunities and questions to be resolved by fuel and engine research. Various concerned parties have argued that regulations for fuel reformulation have not been based on an adequate data base. Despite numerous studies, much ambiguity remains about the relationship of exhaust parameters to fuel composition, particularly for diesel fuel. In an effort to gather pertinent data, the automobile industry and the oil refiners have joined forces in the Air Quality Improvement Research Program (AUTO/OIL) to address this question for gasoline. The objective of that work is to define the relationship between gasoline composition and the magnitude and composition of the exhaust emissions. The results of the AUTO/OEL program will also be used, along with other data bases, to define the EPA {open_quotes}complex model{close_quotes} for reformulated gasolines. Valuable insights have been gained for compression ignition engines in the Coordinating Research Councils̀ VE-1 program, but no program similar to AUTO/OIL has been started for diesel fuel reformulation. A more detailed understanding of the fuel/performance relationship is a readily apparent need.

Download or read book Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and Some Nitroarenes written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of diesel and gasoline engine exhausts, and of 10 nitroarenes found in diesel engine exhaust: 3,7-dinitrofluoranthene, 3,9-dinitrofluoranthene, 1,3-dinitropyrene, 1,6-dinitropyrene, 1,8-dinitropyrene, 6-nitrochrysene, 2-nitrofluorene, 1-nitropyrene, 4-nitropyrene, and 3-nitrobenzanthrone. Diesel engines are used for transport on and off roads (e.g. passenger cars, buses, trucks, trains, ships), for machinery in various industrial sectors (e.g. mining, construction), and for electricity generators, particularly in developing countries. Gasoline engines are used in cars and hand-held equipment (e.g. chainsaws). The emissions from such combustion engines comprise a complex and varying mixture of gases (e.g. carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides), particles (e.g. PM10, PM2.5, ultrafine particles, elemental carbon, organic carbon, ash, sulfate, and metals), volatile organic compunds (e.g. benzene, formaldehyde) and semi-volatile organic compounds (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) including oxygenated and nitrated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Diesel and gasoline engines thus make a significant contribution to a broad range of air pollutants to which people are exposed in the general population as well as in different occupational settings. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of environmental or occupational exposure to diesel and gasoline engine exhausts (including those associated with the mining, railroad, construction, and transportation industries) and to 10 selected nitroarenes. -- Back cover.

Download or read book Health Effects Associated with Diesel Exhaust Emissions written by Joseph Santodonato and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book ERDA Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diesel Particulate Emissions Landmark Research 1994 2001 written by John H Johnson and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2002-02-20 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for manufacturers to meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) mobile source diesel emissions standards for on-highway light duty and heavy duty vehicles has been the driving force for the control of diesel particulate and NOx emissions reductions. Diesel Particulate Emissions: Landmark Research 1994-2001 contains the latest research and development findings that will help guide engineers to achieve low particulate emissions from future engines. Based on extensive SAE literature from the past seven years, the 45 papers in this book have been selected from the SAE Transactions Journals.

Download or read book Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Composition on Heavy duty Diesel Engine Emissions written by Terry L. Ullman and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1976-05 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biokerosene written by Martin Kaltschmitt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-09 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed overview of aspects related to the overall provision chain for biokerosene as part of the global civil aviation business. Starting with a review of the current market situation for aviation fuels and airplanes and their demands, it then presents in-depth descriptions of classical and especially new types of non-edible biomass feedstock suitable for biokerosene provision. Subsequent chapters discuss those fuel provision processes that are already available and those still under development based on various biomass feedstock materials, and present e.g. an overview of the current state of the art in the production of a liquid biomass-based fuel fulfilling the specifications for kerosene. Further, given the growing interest of the aviation industry and airlines in biofuels for aviation, the experiences of an air-carrier are presented. In closing, the book provides a market outlook for biokerosene. Addressing a broad range of aspects related to the pros and cons of biokerosene as a renewable fuel for aviation, the book offers a unique resource.

Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Study on the Influence of Diesel Fuel Oxygenates on Exhaust Emissions written by Miłosław Kozak and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study discusses the use of oxygenated fuels in reduction of exhaust emissions from diesel engines. The study analyzes the physicochemical properties of oxygenated compounds in diesel fuels based on which 12 such compounds were selected for experimental research (glycol ethers, maleates, carbonates and alcohols). The study presents the results of investigations of the influence of oxygenated fuels on the exhaust emissions under dynamic homologation cycle chassis dynamometer conditions (diesel passenger vehicle, NEDC and FTP-75 cycles). The relationship among the content of individual oxygenated compounds, the conditions of the tests cycle and the exhaust emissions has been ascertained. The performed studies and experimental research have shown that the application of oxygenated fuels in diesel engines results in a significant reduction of the PM emission at a small increase in the emission of NOx. Changes in the emission of CO and HC depend not only on the oxygen content in the fuel but also on the self-ignition quality of the applied oxygenated compounds. The application of oxygenated fuels does not influence the emission of CO2. Out of the analyzed oxygenated compounds, the most advantageous emission changes (reduction of the emission of PM, CO and HC at a small increase in the emission of NOx) are generated by the compounds of the glycol ethers group.

Download or read book Review of Diesel Odor and Toxic Vapor Emissions Final Report written by Philip L. Levins and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diesel Fuels written by Cristobal Silva and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the authors present and discuss the characteristics, performance and environmental impacts of diesel fuels. Topics include the effects of diesel fuel composition and properties on engine performance and pollutant emissions; biodiesel production from alternative feedstocks in Brazil; development of dual fuel combustion models for direct injected heavy duty diesel engines; the molecular properties of some diesel fuel components and their biodegradation; the effect of oxygen additives on the performance and combustion of diesel engines; contrasting the life-cycle performance of conventional and alternative diesel fuels; and the impact of ethyl-tert-butyl ether (ETBE) addition to diesel oil.