Download or read book An Investigation of Coastal Groundwater Discharge and Associated Nutrient Inputs Using Electrical Resistivity Temperature and Geochemical Tracers in Pescadero Lagoon California written by Christina M. Volpi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pescadero Lagoon is a complex lagoon system located on the central California coast in San Mateo County. Over the last decade, external stressors such as degraded water quality, restricted circulation, heightened groundwater withdrawals, changes in the fluvial geomorphology that affect surface water runoff, and widespread agriculture in the watershed have impacted the lagoon. The lagoon system is bounded on the marine side by an ephemeral sand berm that is seasonally closed and so hinders open exchange with the ocean. This berm and the Mediterranean-type climate play an important role in the lagoon's circulation and water quality. The most high-profile and deleterious effect of reduced ocean-lagoon exchange and restricted water circulation is the occurrence of bottom-water low oxygen events that can trigger seasonal fish kills. This project employed a suite of geophysical and geochemical techniques to better understand the role of groundwater on lagoon water and constituent balances. The main objective of this research was to quantify groundwater seepage rates into Pescadero Lagoon across broad spatial and temporal scales using electrical resistivity, temperature, and Radon-222 (222Rn) as tracers of groundwater movement. Resulting seepage rate estimates were then used to derive associated nutrient flux estimates, which can be compared to atmospheric and riverine nutrient load estimates to yield more comprehensive nutrient budgets.
Download or read book A Radiocarbon Method and Multi tracer Approach to Quantifying Groundwater Discharge to Coastal Waters written by Carolyn M. Gramling and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater discharge into estuaries and the coastal ocean is an important mechanism for the transport of dissolved chemical species to coastal waters. Because many dissolved species are present in groundwater in concentrations that are orders of magnitude higher than typical river concentrations, groundwater-borne nutrients and pollutants can have a substantial impact on the chemistry and biology of estuaries and the coastal ocean. However, direct fluxes of groundwater into the coastal ocean (submarine groundwater discharge, or SGD) can be difficult to quantify. Geochemical tracers of groundwater discharge can reflect the cumulative SGD flux from numerous small, widely dispersed, and perhaps ephemeral sources such as springs, seeps, and diffuse discharge. The natural radiocarbon content (DELTA 14C) of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was developed as a tracer of fresh, terrestrially driven fluxes from confined aquifers. This DELTA 14C method was tested during five sampling periods from November 1999 to April 2002 in two small estuaries in southeastern North Carolina. In coastal North Carolina, fresh water artesian discharge is characterized by a low DELTA 14C signature acquired from the carbonate aquifer rock. Mixing models were used to evaluate the inputs from potential sources of DIC-DELTA 14C to each estuary, including seawater, springs, fresh water stream inputs, and salt marsh respiration DIC additions. These calculations showed that artesian discharge dominated the total fresh water input to these estuaries during nearly all sampling periods. These new DELTA 14C-based SGD estimates were compared with groundwater flux estimates derived from radium isotopes and from radon-222. It is clear that these tracers reflect different components of the total SGD. This multi-tracer approach provides a comprehensive assessment of the various components contributing to the total SGD.
Download or read book Groundwater Derived Nutrient Inputs to Western Coastal Waters of Saipan Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands written by Melissa A. Knapp and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is frequently a significant source of nutrient inputs to coastal waters. Saipan, the largest of the islands in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), has experienced degradation of seagrass beds and corals over the past 50 years, due in part to nutrient pollution. This study aimed to characterize and quantify the spatial and temporal variability in SGD and associated nutrient fluxes along the western coast of Saipan. Radon was measured along the western shore during dry (March) and rainy (August) seasons with a RAD7 radon detector. These surveys indicated one consistent source of SGD and another seasonally variable region of SGD. Four cross-shore transects were sampled for radium, another natural tracer, in regions with elevated radon. Radium activities were measured using a delayed coincidence counter (RaDeCC) system. 223Ra flux was used to calculate SGD; of the measured Ra isotopes, 223Ra had the best fit log-linear decrease along cross-shore transects and declined to negligible levels 100 m from shore. The activities of 223Ra were highest at the shoreline (2.0 - 6.9 dpm/100 L) and decreased in a log-linear fashion to a minimum measured activity 100 m from shore (0.4 - 2.1 dpm/100 L). Nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, and phosphate) were analyzed on an EasyChem Plus autoanalyzer. Total dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, sum of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium) in the coastal ocean ranged from below detection to 0.36 ppm in March and below detection to 0.65 ppm in August. Groundwater DIN ranged from 0.17 - 1.42 ppm in March and below detection - 6.66 ppm in August. The tidal prism method was used in conjunction with a box model approach to quantify SGD. SGD estimated for the region with consistent discharge was 0.06 - 10.9 m3/m/day in March and 0.07 - 10.4 m3/m/day in August. The region of seasonal discharge had a smaller magnitude of 0.02 - 0.57 m3/m/day. Estimated nutrient fluxes, using coastal wells as the groundwater endmember, indicated that SGD can contribute up to 2000 mol N/day in Garapan Lagoon. These results suggest that SGD is an important source of nutrients to Saipan's coastal waters.
Download or read book Coastal Contaminant Migration Monitoring Technology Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing evidence suggests that submarine groundwater discharge may represent an important migration pathway for natural and anthropogenic constituents entering coastal waters. To address this issue, a series of technologies were investigated for their applicability toward direct quantification of coastal contaminant migration via groundwater. Technologies were divided into two categories: (1) technologies for quantifying groundwater flow to coastal waters, and (2) technologies for detecting contaminants in the groundwater-coastal water exchange zone. The technologies evaluated for quantifying groundwater flow to coastal waters include seepage meters, thermal gradient flow meters, piezometers, thermal infrared aerial imagery, tracer injection, a colloidal borescope, and natural geochemical tracers. The technologies for detecting contaminants in the groundwater-coastal exchange zone include porewater probes, mini-wells, diffusion samplers, seepage meters, and in situ chambers. A matrix was developed to evaluate these technologies. The factors for consideration of each technology include technical performance/applicability, developmental status, reliability, and cost. A panel of experts will fill out the matrix and the selected technologies will then be evaluated for a demonstration based on the panel results.
Download or read book A Rapid Method for Measuring Local Groundwater surface Water Interactions and Identifying Potential Non point Source Pollution Inputs to Rivers written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture in the Central Valley of California is a potential contributor of non-point source pollution to surface waters via the groundwater pathway. This work presents a relatively simple method and inexpensive apparatus for quantifying local groundwater discharge into rivers using heat as a tracer. Two transects along a known gaining reach of the Lower Merced River were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the groundwater discharge monitoring instruments, known as Temperature Javelins, over three months. In terms of fulfilling deployment objectives, Temperature Javelins proved to be low cost, easy to install, and yielded easily interpretable data related to groundwater-surface water discharges. Groundwater discharge velocities were found to vary over time seasonally and spatially (on a scale of meters). Discharges ranged from 0.1 to 6.8 cm/day with higher discharge velocities found on the northern side of the river. These values are consistent with previous values obtained at the same site using other methods. Corresponding hyporheic water samples were collected to investigate solute transport (specifically nitrate) by the discharging water. Nitrate concentrations ranged from nondetectable to 50 ppm in these samples, where elevated values appear to be associated with groundwater entering on the north side of the river. Elevated nitrate flow lines in the hyporheic zone correspond with high discharge areas and alternate with ammonium enriched columns and low groundwater discharge. It is hypothesized that nitrification cells are induced by groundwater-surface water interactions. Testing of this hypothesis is proposed as a subject of further research.
Download or read book Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water 2nd Ed written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Impact of Submarine Groundwater Discharge on Nutrient Dynamics in a Sub polar Mudflat written by Josianne Haag and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) plays a major role in the hydrological and biogeochemical cycles controlling nearshore nutrient availability. The Northern Gulf of Alaska coastline is highly diverse, ranging from rocky beaches, sandy beaches, and mudflats; SGD varies according to sediment permeability, strength of wave pumping, and slope of the water table. SGD has been previously estimated at a rocky beach in the NGA, but this thesis sought to quantity SGD in an extensive mudflat using well-established tracers (radium and radon) and determine the major sources of nutrients to the bay. The rate of SGD was comparable between the mudflat and rocky beach (233 ± 245 and 260 ± 360 cm day−1, respectively), and both locations were significant sources of nitrate and silicic acid, and sinks of phosphate. Offshore water also provides a major input of nitrate and phosphate to the bay. Thus, there is no single dominant source for all macronutrients, consequently, multiple processes must be considered when predicting nutrient cycling.
Download or read book Battle Creek Salmon and Steelhead Restoration Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fingerprint Analysis of Contaminant Data written by Russell H. Plumb and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Temporarily Open closed Estuaries in South Africa written by R. Perissinotto and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South African temporarily open/closed estuaries (TOCEs) and similar systems along the coastlines of other regions of the world, especially Australia, are amongst the most productive aquatic ecosystems. They shift seasonally from mostly open mouth states during rainy seasons to mostly closed mouth states during the dry part of the year. This allows a whole range of juvenile forms of estuarine-dependent and estuarine-associated marine species to be recruited inside their sheltered and productive reaches, where they complete their growth to maturity. This book covers topics such as the structure and function of open/closed estuaries in South Africa, as well as outlining the future management decisions that need to be made in order to ensure the longevity of these productive ecosystems.
Download or read book Mind Over Magma written by Davis A. Young and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2003-07-22 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This book fulfills the lack of a modern analysis of the history of igneous petrology and will be a significant contribution. The author is a well-known igneous petrologist who appreciates the extent to which many geological questions are still awaiting definitive answers.
Download or read book New Publications of the Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Primitive Meteorites and Asteroids written by Neyda M. Abreu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-07-14 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primitive Meteorites and Asteroids: Physical, Chemical, and Spectroscopic Observations Paving the Way to Exploration covers the physical, chemical and spectroscopic aspects of asteroids, providing important data and research on carbonaceous chondrites and primitive meteorites. This information is crucial to the success of missions to parent bodies, thus contributing to an understanding of the early solar system. The book offers an interdisciplinary perspective relevant to many fields of planetary science, as well as cosmochemistry, planetary astronomy, astrobiology, geology and space engineering. Including contributions from planetary and missions scientists worldwide, the book collects the fundamental knowledge and cutting-edge research on carbonaceous chondrites and their parent bodies into one accessible resource, thus contributing to the future of space exploration. Presents the most current data and information on the mission-relevant characteristics of primitive asteroids Addresses the physical, chemical and spectral characteristics of carbonaceous chondritic meteorites and the bearings on successful exploration of their parent asteroids Includes chapters on geotechnical properties and resource extraction
Download or read book The Freezing Season written by G. Norman Lippert and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-08-24 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ashley is a young woman broken by choices- some her own, some not. Looking to escape the haunting grip of her past, she embarks on a several-state winter road trip only to pass a sight that changes her life completely: jutting from a dirty snow bank, a small human hand holds its palm up to the sky. Driven by an uncharacteristic need for redemption, Ashley returns to investigate. There, she encounters a seemingly helpful, if disturbed local man and the county sheriff. It isn't until the sheriff begins to question Ashley that the terror of her situation dawns: the body in the snow isn't a snowplow accident, but a murder victim, and by coming back to investigate, Ashley has placed herself directly in the serial killers' path. As the next twenty-two hours unfold, Ashley is confronted with a terrible choice: take advantage of her one chance for escape, or attempt rescue of the killers' last remaining victim, possibly sacrificing herself in the process. Only by embracing the ghosts of her past will Ashley survive her descent into the disturbing madness of the freezing season.
Download or read book SCIGN written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Weekend Mischief written by Rob Jackson and published by Wordsong. This book was released on 2010 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the weekend of a young boy in a collection of poems.
Download or read book The Earth Remains Forever written by Rob Jackson and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2002-11-01 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Writing especially for people who've tuned out the environmental debate, Rob Jackson persuasively argues that we're at a crucial turning point in environmental history, where choices we make now will determine the quality of life into the unforeseeable future. Laying out the scientific facts in plain language and with flashes of humor, he shows how the escalation of population growth and resource consumption in the twentieth century caused problems from ozone depletion to global warming, habitat destruction, and biodiversity loss. At the same time, however, he highlights ongoing solutions to these problems and ways in which we can create a sustainable future for subsequent generations and all life on earth. His urgent message is not that we've already failed, but that we can succeed.
