Download or read book An Investigation of Barriers to Optimal Care in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus written by Sandra P. Y. Pun and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health problem with a rapidly increasing prevalence. Despite the provision of comprehensive diabetes management programmes, patients are often not able to achieve the desired outcomes. The aims of the study were to investigate factors affecting self-care behaviours of patients with Type 2 DM among Hong Kong Chinese people and to explore barriers to self-care and strategies to overcome barriers from patients' and nurses' perspectives. The conceptual framework was developed from the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Planned Behaviour. A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was adopted. Structured questionnaires were used to investigate key variables for predicting self-care for 183 patients with Type 2 DM. Subsequently, 22 patients and 17 nurses were selected for focus group interviews. The quantitative findings showed that both attitudes and modifying factors (knowledge, demographics, socio-economic factors, insulin therapy) had a significant effect on self- care behaviours. They showed that older patients, those of lower socio-economic status, being treated with insulin, having better knowledge about DM, and with positive attitudes reported better adherence to self-care. The qualitative findings indicated that the patients and nurses perceived barriers to self-care were consistent including physical, psychological, socio-economic, environmental and cultural factors. The focus group interviews revealed that nurses understood most of the barriers to self- care perceived by their patients. The Diabetes Self-care Model was developed in the study to inform and guide healthcare professionals when designing diabetes management programmes by addressing key variables affecting self-care behaviours and patient outcomes. The unique position of nurses and their understanding of patients' needs are essential for improving patient outcomes. Therefore, the roles of nurses should be reinforced and further developed to address the needs of the patients through improving the effectiveness of diabetes management programmes and patient empowerment.
Download or read book The Ecology of Stress written by Stevan E. Hobfoll and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1988 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Mixed Methods Investigation of the Barriers and Facilitators to Medication Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Across Different Health Literacy Levels written by Yen-Ming Huang (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the leading cause of death in the U.S., and it incurs tremendous health expenditures associated with various complications due to poor diabetes control. Medication adherence, which is correlated with patients' health literacy, should be consistently practiced in order to achieve optimal diabetes control. However, no literature has systematically explored the multiple psychosocial and communication barriers and facilitators at the individual level that mediate the linkage between health literacy and medication adherence. A deeper understanding of the specific communication and psychosocial factors related to medication-taking behaviors across different levels of health literacy among people with T2D will guide the development of effective interventions and customized strategies to enhance medication adherence. Objectives: (1) To examine whether the barriers and facilitators associated with medication adherence differ among people with T2D across different levels of health literacy. (2) To explore patients' perceptions of the barriers and facilitators of medication adherence across different levels of health literacy. (3) To understand how the qualitative interview data complement the quantitative survey results about the barriers and facilitators of medication adherence. Methods: This mixed-methods study used an explanatory sequential design, including a quantitative study with a survey questionnaire followed by a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews. The Health Literacy Pathway Model was used to identify the psychosocial and communication factors that may influence medication adherence. The target population was patients who were 20 years of age or above, were diagnosed with T2D, understood English, and were prescribed at least one oral diabetes medicine daily. Analysis of covariance and direct content analysis were used respectively in quantitative and qualitative analysis. A joint display was used to present the integrated findings from quantitative and qualitative data. Results: In the quantitative phase, 205 participants provided complete information in the survey questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, 23 participants completed semi-structured interviews. Confirmed by quantitative and qualitative data, holding stronger self-efficacy, having fewer concern beliefs about medication, and possessing fewer perceived barriers to medication-taking are necessary for better medication adherence. Linking medication-taking to daily routine and focusing on the internal locus of control is an imperative approach to foster self-efficacy of medication use. Addressing patients' life experience and clarifying medication misinformation may help participants cope with their concerns with medications. Solving the high cost of medications and therapy-related problems could lessen participants' perception of barriers to medication-taking. Conclusion: To optimally support patients' diabetes care, practitioners should address concern beliefs among non-adherent patients with low health literacy, as well as emphasize self-efficacy and perceived barriers to medication adherence among all non-adherent patients with T2D.
Download or read book Psychosocial Care for People with Diabetes written by Deborah Young-Hyman and published by American Diabetes Association. This book was released on 2012-12-25 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychosocial Care for People with Diabetes describes the major psychosocial issues which impact living with and self-management of diabetes and its related diseases, and provides treatment recommendations based on proven interventions and expert opinion. The book is comprehensive and provides the practitioner with guidelines to access and prescribe treatment for psychosocial problems commonly associated with living with diabetes.
Download or read book Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Underserved Communities written by Sam Dagogo-Jack and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-23 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting a truly global perspective and a practical approach to diabetes—including pathophysiology, genetics, regional peculiarities, management, prevention and best practices—this book is an excellent resource for clinicians and policy-makers working with patients in more austere settings. The global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to increase from 422 million in 2014 to 592 million in 2035. Sadly, low- and middle-economy countries are projected to experience the steepest increase, but even in developed economies, vulnerable demographic subgroups manifest disparities in diabetes prevalence, quality of care, and outcomes. This book extends coverage to those underserved and minority communities in the developed world. In a consistent chapter format, it discusses classification, pathophysiology, genomics, diagnosis, prevention and management of diabetes in economically challenged regions as well as underserved populations in affluent nations. Suggestions regarding future directions in the organization of diabetes care delivery, prevention and research priorities are also provided. The detailed identification of barriers to optimal care and the practical approach to the management and prevention of diabetes make Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Underserved Communities a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers and health policy leaders.
Download or read book Advances in Patient Safety written by Kerm Henriksen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: v. 1. Research findings -- v. 2. Concepts and methodology -- v. 3. Implementation issues -- v. 4. Programs, tools and products.
Download or read book MHealth written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of mobile and wireless technologies to support the achievement of health objectives (mHealth) has the potential to transform the face of health service delivery across the globe. A powerful combination of factors is driving this change. These include rapid advances in mobile technologies and applications, a rise in new opportunities for the integration of mobile health into existing eHealth services, and the continued growth in coverage of mobile cellular networks. According to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), there are now over 5 billion wireless subscribers; over 70% of them reside in low- and middle-income countries. For the first time the World Health Organization's Global Observatory for eHealth (GOe) has sought to determine the status of mHealth in Member States; its 2009 global survey contained a section specifically devoted to mHealth. Completed by 114 Member States, the survey documented for analysis four aspects of mHealth: adoption of initiatives, types of initiatives, status of evaluation, and barriers to implementation. Fourteen categories of mHealth services were surveyed: health call centres, emergency toll-free telephone services, managing emergencies and disasters, mobile telemedicine, appointment reminders, community mobilization and health promotion, treatment compliance, mobile patient records, information access, patient monitoring, health surveys and data collection, surveillance, health awareness raising, and decision support systems.
Download or read book A Framework for Educating Health Professionals to Address the Social Determinants of Health written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Health Organization defines the social determinants of health as "the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life." These forces and systems include economic policies, development agendas, cultural and social norms, social policies, and political systems. In an era of pronounced human migration, changing demographics, and growing financial gaps between rich and poor, a fundamental understanding of how the conditions and circumstances in which individuals and populations exist affect mental and physical health is imperative. Educating health professionals about the social determinants of health generates awareness among those professionals about the potential root causes of ill health and the importance of addressing them in and with communities, contributing to more effective strategies for improving health and health care for underserved individuals, communities, and populations. Recently, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to develop a high-level framework for such health professional education. A Framework for Educating Health Professionals to Address the Social Determinants of Health also puts forth a conceptual model for the framework's use with the goal of helping stakeholder groups envision ways in which organizations, education, and communities can come together to address health inequalities.
Download or read book Depression and Diabetes written by Wayne Katon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-09 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the multiple interrelationships between depression and various physical diseases. The WPA is providing an update of currently available evidence on these interrelationships by the publication of three books, dealing with the comorbidity of depression with diabetes, heart disease and cancer. Depression is a frequent and serious comorbid condition in diabetes, which adversely affects quality of life and the long-term prognosis. Co-occurrent depression presents peculiar clinical challenges, making both conditions harder to manage. Depression and Diabetes is the first book devoted to the interaction between these common disorders. World leaders in diabetes, depression and public health synthesize current evidence, including some previously unpublished data, in a concise, easy-to-read format. They provide an overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, medical costs, management, and public health and cultural implications of the comorbidity between depression and diabetes. The book describes how the negative consequences of depression in diabetes could be avoided, given that effective depression treatments for diabetic patients are available. Its practical approach makes the book ideal for all those involved in the management of these patients: psychiatrists, psychologists, diabetologists, general practitioners, diabetes specialist nurses and mental health nurses.
Download or read book Blood Sugar and Brothers Voices written by Ledric Sherman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-care is the key to living a long and healthy life for people with diabetes. Yet numerous studies show that self-care is far from optimal. This has resulted in attempts to understand the progress underlying self-care behavior in the efforts of mediating more effectively. While there are an abundance of studies focusing on African-American women and diabetes management, there is a considerable gap in health education literature regarding the self-care management experiences of African-American men living with type 2 diabetes. The management and impact of type 2 diabetes on the sense of self, lifestyle, and significant others of the African-American man are not clearly comprehended. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to explore the knowledge, beliefs, and self-care management practices of African American men living with type 2 diabetes. This was an exploratory study utilizing qualitative methodology to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and existing self-care management practices of up to 50 African-American men, ages 18-70, living with type 2 diabetes. Participants had one-on-one semi structured interviews with the primary investigator. The instruments that were used consisted of two parts: one was a self-administered paper/pencil questionnaire to collect socio-demographic information. The second was a semi-structured interview. The study significance was to identify and understand the barriers to type 2 diabetes management and how they had an adverse influence on self-care. A combination of high barriers, poor daily self-care, management, and knowledge possibly put those with type 2 diabetes at an elevated risk for subordinate self-care management. Barriers had a role in reality and diabetes researchers and educators are charged with recognizing the complications of what individuals with type 2 diabetes need to do improve and enhance their health. The study findings revealed that the participants labored with managing their diabetes and some counted on their own potential or performance, as well as the encouragement of their family, extended family, neighbors, and friends. Also, many of the participants had a unified theme in that regarding self-care management, having type 2 diabetes affected those in their surrounding environment, not just the person living with the illness. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that future diabetes research and education among African-American men should give attention to male masculinity and the powerful influence it has on utilizing preventive health services. The limited amount of African-American men included in empirical type 2 diabetes research could help explain the under addressed barriers and complexities to positive self-care management. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151155
Download or read book SAGE Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social Behavioral Research written by Abbas Tashakkori and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010-06-21 with total page 913 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social & Behavioral Research contains a gold mine of articles by leading scholars on what has come to be known as the third methodological movement in social research. Aimed at surveying the differing viewpoints and disciplinary approaches of mixed methods, this breakthrough book examines mixed methods from the research enterprise to paradigmatic issues to application. The book also discusses the strengths and weaknesses of mixed methods designs, and provides an array of specific examples in a variety of disciplines, from psychology to nursing. The book closes with a brief section on how to teach and perform collaborative research using a mixed methods research design. Written so that it can be used either as a pedagogical tool or as a reference for researchers, the book is rich in examples and includes a glossary, easy-to-follow diagrams, and tables to help readers become more familiar with the language and controversies in this evolving area.
Download or read book Crossing the Quality Chasm written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-19 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second in a series of publications from the Institute of Medicine's Quality of Health Care in America project Today's health care providers have more research findings and more technology available to them than ever before. Yet recent reports have raised serious doubts about the quality of health care in America. Crossing the Quality Chasm makes an urgent call for fundamental change to close the quality gap. This book recommends a sweeping redesign of the American health care system and provides overarching principles for specific direction for policymakers, health care leaders, clinicians, regulators, purchasers, and others. In this comprehensive volume the committee offers: A set of performance expectations for the 21st century health care system. A set of 10 new rules to guide patient-clinician relationships. A suggested organizing framework to better align the incentives inherent in payment and accountability with improvements in quality. Key steps to promote evidence-based practice and strengthen clinical information systems. Analyzing health care organizations as complex systems, Crossing the Quality Chasm also documents the causes of the quality gap, identifies current practices that impede quality care, and explores how systems approaches can be used to implement change.
Download or read book State of the Art of Therapeutic Endocrinology written by Sameh Magdeldin and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-10-03 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last two decades, evidence of increasing trends of several endocrine-related disorders has been strengthened. These disorders often come with lack of uniform diagnosis and/ or even unclear endocrine disruption. The later is mainly due to abnormal classical changes in the blood- released hormone to its targeted organ, abnormal communication between cells within a tissue or organ (paracrine), within the same cell (intracrine) or signals which act on the same cell (autocrine). This challenging status drives endocrinologists to the urgent need to address enormous knowledge gaps in this wide field of research (Endocrinology). From the perspective point of view that "hormones control our bodies", we need to get these hormones rebalanced so we can restore overall health. That is simply endocrinology!
Download or read book Motivational Interviewing in Diabetes Care written by Marc P. Steinberg and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People with diabetes often struggle to make healthy choices and stay on top of managing their illness. Filling a vital need, this is the first book to focus on the use of motivational interviewing (MI) in diabetes care. The uniquely qualified authors--physician Marc P. Steinberg has devoted much of his career to diabetes care, and renowned clinical psychologist William R. Miller is the codeveloper of MI--present proven counseling techniques that can make any conversation with a patient more efficacious and motivating. Numerous sample dialogues illustrate specific ways to elicit patients' strengths and help them overcome barriers to change in such areas as eating habits, physical activity, medication use, insulin treatment, substance abuse, psychological issues, and more. This book is in the Applications of Motivational Interviewing series, edited by Stephen Rollnick, William R. Miller, and Theresa B. Moyers. Winner (First Place)--American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award, Adult Primary Care Category
Download or read book Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures in Electronic Health Records written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-01-08 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Determinants of health - like physical activity levels and living conditions - have traditionally been the concern of public health and have not been linked closely to clinical practice. However, if standardized social and behavioral data can be incorporated into patient electronic health records (EHRs), those data can provide crucial information about factors that influence health and the effectiveness of treatment. Such information is useful for diagnosis, treatment choices, policy, health care system design, and innovations to improve health outcomes and reduce health care costs. Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures in Electronic Health Records: Phase 2 identifies domains and measures that capture the social determinants of health to inform the development of recommendations for the meaningful use of EHRs. This report is the second part of a two-part study. The Phase 1 report identified 17 domains for inclusion in EHRs. This report pinpoints 12 measures related to 11 of the initial domains and considers the implications of incorporating them into all EHRs. This book includes three chapters from the Phase 1 report in addition to the new Phase 2 material. Standardized use of EHRs that include social and behavioral domains could provide better patient care, improve population health, and enable more informative research. The recommendations of Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures in Electronic Health Records: Phase 2 will provide valuable information on which to base problem identification, clinical diagnoses, patient treatment, outcomes assessment, and population health measurement.
Download or read book OECD Reviews of Health Systems Mexico 2016 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-01-07 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten years after the introduction of publically-funded universal health insurance, the Mexican health system finds itself at a critical juncture.
Download or read book Mitochondria in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes written by Beatrice Morio and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-04-26 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Comprehensive Review on Mitochondrial Functioning and Involvement in Metabolic Diseases synthesizes discoveries from laboratories around the world, enhancing our understanding of the involvement of mitochondria in the etiology of diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Chapters illustrate and provide an overview of key concepts on topics such as the role of mitochondria in adipose tissue, cancer, cardiovascular comorbidities, skeletal muscle, the liver, kidney, and more. This book is a must-have reference for students and educational teams in biology, physiology and medicine, and researchers. Synthesizes actual knowledge on mitochondrial function Provides an integrated vision of each tissue in the etiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes Identifies the interactive networks that involve alteration in mitochondrial mass and function in disease progression Highlights the role played by mitochondria in the prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes
