Download or read book An Investigation Into the Effect of Triploidy on the Filtration Rate of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg written by S. Freeman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Investigation Into the Phenotypic Consequences of Triploidy and Aneuployd in Two Cupped Oyster Species Crassostrea Virginica and Crassostrea Gigas written by Brenda J. Landau and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ocean Acidification Influences on Physiology and Epigenetics in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas written by Yaamini Ranjani Venkataraman and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As ocean acidification continues to impact marine ecosystems at unprecedented rates, phenotypicplasticity may allow organisms to withstand more stressful conditions. Genomic methods can elucidate molecular mechanisms that contribute to phenotypic plasticity, allowing for a deeper understanding of how physiological processes will be impacted by low pH. My dissertation examines the effects of ocean acidification on the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) stress response and reproduction; elucidate how exposure history impacts phenotype; and explore the role of functional role DNA methylation in somatic and reproductive tissue. I investigated the effect of regional environmental variation on the molecular physiology of C. gigas outplanted at five different estuarine sites (four in Puget Sound, one in Willapa Bay) in Washington, USA using gel-free proteomic methods. While there was no difference in survival, or any protein abundances due to pH differences between sites, C. gigas outplanted at the site with the highest temperature had significantly higher abundances of antioxidant enzymes and molecular chaperones, elucidating the molecular underpinnings of thermotolerance. In a hatchery setting, I explored the impact of ocean acidification on reproductive maturity and output. A seven week low pH exposure did not affect sex ratio or maturation stage; however, it did significantly affect survival of larvae. Even though adult oysters spent four months in ambient pH conditions between low pH exposure and strip spawning, larvae from females that experienced low pH conditions had significantly higher mortality. Finally, I conducted the first investigations examining the effect of ocean acidification in C. gigas methylomes. To investigate the role of environmentally-responsive methylation in reproductive tissue, I analyzed gonad methylomes of female C. gigas exposed to low pH. A total of 1,599 differentially methylated loci (DML) were found in gene bodies. The genic DML were associated with cilium movement, development, and cytoskeletal processes, implying a need to regulate cellular growth in the gonad in response to low pH. I then explored the influence of low pH on the somatic tissue methylome using diploid and triploid oyster ctenidia. Differences in ploidy status yielded 154 DML. These ploidy-DML were associated with cell-cell adhesion and dephosphorlylation processes, which are not commonly associated with methylome changes in organisms that undergo natural polyploidization. The 178 pH-DML were associated with processes commonly observed in oysters exposed to ocean acidification, including apoptosis, protein ubiquitination, zinc ion binding, and cytoskeletal processes. In both reproductive and somatic tissue, the enrichment of DML in genes with multiple transcripts could indicate a role for methylation to regulate gene expression via alternative splicing. Investigating the molecular underpinnings of responses to ocean acidification in C. gigas will provide a thorough understanding of this global aquaculture product’s ability to withstand future ocean conditions.

Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of the Genetic Basis of Heterosis in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg written by Daniel Joseph McGoldrick and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Summer Mortality of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas written by Jean-François Samain and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2008-02-13 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass oyster mortalities have been known for many years throughout the world, but no strictly pathological explication has been found. This book describes how environmental influences, reproduction, stress, genetics, pathogens and temperature contribute to oyster summer mortality in France. An interaction model is derived from the results and recommendations are made for forecasting and managing risk factors.

Download or read book Environmental Effects on the Physiology of Calcification in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg 1793 written by Frauke Bagusche and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Ocean Acidification on Multiple Life History Stages of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas written by Emma B. Timmins-Schiffman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As global climate change accelerates, due in large part to increasing emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from fossil fuel use, agriculture, and large-scale changes in land use, natural ecosystems bear the consequences. For marine systems these include increased mean seawater temperature, changes in carbonate chemistry equilibria, and increased pollutant loading due to non-point run-off, among other effects. Human-induced environmental changes will not have the same magnitude of effect in all regions, but on average the changes occurring are rapid and significant. Natural populations will either need to acclimatize and/or adapt, or shift their ranges to enable continued existence. This dissertation explores the effects of ocean acidification on the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Oysters are sedentary and inhabit a naturally variable environment (the intertidal zone) and thus may be pre-adapted to withstand rapid environmental change. Oysters and similarly sedentary organisms are ideal for investigating the effects of environmental change on biology because they are not able to escape these changes, but must respond physiologically (acclimatize) if they are to survive. Due to this ecological history, oysters provide a model that allows us to explore potential physiological mechanisms that are needed in a response to specific environmental changes as well as the limits of these mechanisms. In the first chapter, the effects of elevated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, a major driver of ocean acidification) on oyster larvae are explored. Larvae were exposed to low pH during early development, a period that included the transition from energetic dependence on maternally derived lipids to dependence on exogenous resources. Larvae were found to experience a developmental delay at elevated pCO2, manifested as smaller size and slower rate of shell deposition. These significant effects of ocean acidification on early larval development may indicate a bottleneck in the oyster life cycle as the pH of marine waters decreases. Subsequent research has shown that these effects at early larval stages can carry over into later stages after settlement in another oyster species (Hettinger et al. 2012). In order to better understand the effects of environmental change on oyster physiology, we developed proteomic tools to explore changes in protein pathways in oyster gill (ctenidia) tissue. The second chapter explores the gill proteome (suite of expressed proteins) of adult oysters. Characterization of the proteome provides insight into the physiological mechanisms that may be available to the oyster during response to an environmental stress. The results revealed that the ctenidia proteome includes a diverse array of proteins that accomplish many functions and that it is a metabolically active tissue. The proteome sequencing lays the groundwork for exploring how ocean acidification affects various proteomic pathways in the tissue that acts as the interface between the oyster and its environment. Lastly, the adult oyster response to ocean acidification and a second stress are explored via proteomics, fatty acid profiles, glycogen content, shell microstructure, and mortality in response to heat shock. There was a significant impact of ocean acidification on oyster shell integrity, but no effects after one month of exposure on relative amounts of fatty acid, glycogen or response to acute heat shock. Through the proteomic analysis, we revealed an active and significant proteomic response to ocean acidification exposure, uncovering some of the mechanisms behind the observed macro-phenotypic changes. Additionally, the proteomic response to mechanical stimulation was largely altered between low and high pCO2, suggesting that ocean acidification can fundamentally change how oysters respond to a second stress.

Download or read book Measured Effects of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas on Water Quality for the Design of a Holding System written by Marcin Whitman and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies on the Influence of Ambient Temperature and Food Supply on Growth Rate Carbohydrate Content and Reproductive Output in Diploid and Triploid Pacific Oysters Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg written by Jonathan Putman Davis and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation of an Iodine Isotopic Effect in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas and Eggs of Steelhead Trout Salmo Gairdneri written by Larry Deane Tornberg and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Triploid and Diploid Interspecific and Conspecific Crosses Between the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg and Either Crassostrea Virginica Gmelin Or Crassostrea Rivularis Gould written by Sandra L. Downing and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Development and Use of Genetic Markers to Study the Effects of Hatchery rearing on Family Contribution in Pacific Oysters Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg written by Heather Lee Franklin and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Intensive Culture of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg in Heated Effluents written by Robert E. Malouf and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Endocrine Disruptors on the Growth and Development of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg written by Helen Elizabeth Nice and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Induction of Triploidy in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas Using Cytochalasin B and Hydrostatic Pressure written by Sandra Leigh Downing and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Genetics of Growth Rate and Carbohydrate Content in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas Thunberg written by Nuanmanee Pongthana and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Investigation Into the Growth Rates of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas in Poole Harbour UK written by Rachel Elizabeth Robb and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: