Download or read book Principles of Electron Optics written by Peter W. Hawkes and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three volumes in the PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRON OPTICS Series constitute the first comprehensive treatment of electron optics in over forty years. While Volumes 1 and 2 are devoted to geometrical optics, Volume 3 is concerned with wave optics and effects due to wave length. Subjects covered include:Derivation of the laws of electron propagation from SchrUdinger's equationImage formation and the notion of resolutionThe interaction between specimens and electronsImage processingElectron holography and interferenceCoherence, brightness, and the spectral functionTogether, these works comprise a unique and informative treatment of the subject. Volume 3, like its predecessors, will provide readers with both a textbook and an invaluable reference source.
Download or read book Introduction to Electron Optics written by Vernon Ellis Cosslett and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Electron Optics written by V. E. Cosslett and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electron and Ion Optics written by Miklos Szilagyi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of electron and ion optics is based on the analogy between geometrical light optics and the motion of charged particles in electromagnetic fields. The spectacular development of the electron microscope clearly shows the possibilities of image formation by charged particles of wavelength much shorter than that of visible light. As new applications such as particle accelerators, cathode ray tubes, mass and energy spectrometers, microwave tubes, scanning-type analytical instruments, heavy beam technologies, etc. emerged, the scope of particle beam optics has been exten ded to the formation of fine probes. The goal is to concentrate as many particles as possible in as small a volume as possible. Fabrication of microcircuits is a good example of the growing importance of this field. The current trend is towards increased circuit complexity and pattern density. Because of the diffraction limitation of processes using optical photons and the technological difficulties connected with x-ray processes, charged particle beams are becoming popular. With them it is possible to write directly on a wafer under computer control, without using a mask. Focused ion beams offer especially great possibilities in the submicron region. Therefore, electron and ion beam technologies will most probably playa very important role in the next twenty years or so.
Download or read book Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy written by Ray Egerton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-11 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scanning and stationary-beam electron microscopes are indispensable tools for both research and routine evaluation in materials science, the semiconductor industry, nanotechnology and the biological, forensic, and medical sciences. This book introduces current theory and practice of electron microscopy, primarily for undergraduates who need to understand how the principles of physics apply in an area of technology that has contributed greatly to our understanding of life processes and "inner space." Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy will appeal to technologists who use electron microscopes and to graduate students, university teachers and researchers who need a concise reference on the basic principles of microscopy.
Download or read book Introduction to Electron and Ion Optics written by Poul Dahl and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Electron and Ion Optics provides the theoretical background needed to understand the subject matter and even be helpful in laboratory works. Seven major parts comprise the book where each focuses on a certain aspect or field. The book begins with an introduction to the general principles about electron and ion optics, specifically as basis for the design of the optical components used in particle analyzers and accelerators. The following parts tackle different aspects such as geometrical optics; scaling rules and dispersion coefficients; fields (paraxial, sector, fringing, quadrupole); lenses (electrostatic, immersion, unipotential, etc.); analyzers (electrostatic, spherical, etc.); and space charge and beam production. Towards the last part of the book, there is an exercises section where various problems are given for the reader to answer. This book caters to students specifically in the field of physics.
Download or read book An Introduction to Electron Optics written by Louis Jacob and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electron Optics written by O. Klemperer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1971 third edition of Dr Klemperer's Electron Optics is concerned primarily with the experimental aspects of electron optics.
Download or read book Introduction to Electron Optics written by V. E. Cosslett and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles of Electron Optics Volume 1 written by Peter W. Hawkes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-29 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume one of Principles of Electron Optics: Basic Geometrical Optics, Second Edition, explores the geometrical optics needed to analyze an extremely wide range of instruments: cathode-ray tubes; the family of electron microscopes, including the fixed-beam and scanning transmission instruments, the scanning electron microscope and the emission microscope; electron spectrometers and mass spectrograph; image converters; electron interferometers and diffraction devices; electron welding machines; and electron-beam lithography devices. The book provides a self-contained, detailed, modern account of electron optics for anyone involved with particle beams of modest current density in the energy range up to a few mega-electronvolts. You will find all the basic equations with their derivations, recent ideas concerning aberration studies, extensive discussion of the numerical methods needed to calculate the properties of specific systems and guidance to the literature of all the topics covered. A continuation of these topics can be found in volume two, Principles of Electron Optics: Applied Geometrical Optics. The book is intended for postgraduate students and teachers in physics and electron optics, as well as researchers and scientists in academia and industry working in the field of electron optics, electron and ion microscopy and nanolithography. - Offers a fully revised and expanded new edition based on the latest research developments in electron optics - Written by the top experts in the field - Covers every significant advance in electron optics since the subject originated - Contains exceptionally complete and carefully selected references and notes - Serves both as a reference and text
Download or read book An Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics written by H. A. Buchdahl and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accessible study provides detailed account of the Hamiltonian treatment of aberration theory in geometrical optics. Many classes of optical systems defined in terms of their symmetries. Detailed solutions. 1970 edition.
Download or read book Scanning Electron Microscope Optics and Spectrometers written by Anjam Khursheed and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains proposals to redesign the scanning electron microscope, so that it is more compatible with other charged particle beam instrumentation and analytical techniques commonly used in surface science research. It emphasizes the concepts underlying spectrometer designs in the scanning electron microscope, and spectrometers are discussed under one common framework so that their relative strengths and weaknesses can be more readily appreciated. This is done, for the most part, through simulations and derivations carried out by the author himself.The book is aimed at scientists, engineers and graduate students whose research area or study in some way involves the scanning electron microscope and/or charged particle spectrometers. It can be used both as an introduction to these subjects and as a guide to more advanced topics about scanning electron microscope redesign.
Download or read book Principles of Electron Optics Volume 3 written by Peter W. Hawkes and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-02-21 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Electron Optic: Volume Three: Wave Optics, discusses this essential topic in microscopy to help readers understand the propagation of electrons from the source to the specimen, and through the latter (and from it) to the image plane of the instrument. In addition, it also explains interference phenomena, notably holography, and informal coherence theory. This third volume accompanies volumes one and two that cover new content on holography and interference, improved and new modes of image formation, aberration corrected imaging, simulation, and measurement, 3D-reconstruction, and more. The study of such beams forms the subject of electron optics, which divides naturally into geometrical optics where effects due to wavelength are neglected, with wave optics considered. Includes authoritative coverage of the fundamental theory behind electron beams Describes the interaction of electrons with solids and the information that can be obtained from electron-beam techniques Addresses recent, relevant research topics, including new content on holography and interference, new modes of image formation, 3D reconstruction and aberration corrected imaging, simulation and measurement
Download or read book Introduction to Electron Microscopy written by Saul Wischnitzer and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic theory of electron microscopy; Nature of light beams; Resolution; Diffraction; Limit of resolution; Nature of electron beams; Electron emission; Electron optics; Introduction; Magnetic fields; Action of magnetic fields as lenses; Magnetic focusing; Evolution of magnetic lenses for electron microscopy; Analogy between light and electron microscopes; The electron microscope; Illuminating system; Electron gun; Filament; Shield; Anode; Non-biased and biased guns; Self-biased gun; Operation of self-biased gun; Condenser lens; Aperture angle; Intensity; Depth of field; Condenser lens operation; Imaging system; Objective lens; Pole pieces; Lens aberration spherical and chromatic; Limitation of objective lens aberration; Contrast and image formation; Objective lens operation; Projecton lens; magnification and final image formation; Range of magnification; Image translating system; Fluorescent observation screen; Photographic recording; Summary of general considerations in image translation; Beam intensity level; Choice of photographic emulsion; Other electron microscope components; Specimen chamber and holder; Photographic chamber; Vacuum supply; Filament current supply; High voltage supply; Operational requirements; Alignment; Electron gun-condenser alignment; Lens alignment; Detection of lens asymmetry; Disturbances; Magnetic fields; Mechanical; Specimen instability; Contamination; Vacuum leaks; Operation of the electron microscope; Manipulation; Photography; Determination of magnification; Test of resolution; Differences between light and electron microscope.
Download or read book Electron Optics written by P. Grivet and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron Optics, Second English Edition, Part I: Optics is a 10-chapter book that begins by elucidating the fundamental features and basic techniques of electron optics, as well as the distribution of potential and field in electrostatic lenses. This book then explains the field distribution in magnetic lenses; the optical properties of electrostatic and magnetic lenses; and the similarities and differences between glass optics and electron optics. Subsequent chapters focus on lens defects; some electrostatic lenses and triode guns; and magnetic lens models. The strong focusing lenses and prism optics are also described. This book will be useful to graduating students, as well as to beginners who sometimes feel lost in the abundant specialized literature.
Download or read book An Introduction to Electron Optics Etc written by Louis JACOB (M.Sc., A.R.C.Sc.I.) and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy written by Peter W. Hawkes and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-06 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy presents the technical development of electron microscope. This book examines the mechanical as well as the technical problems arising from the physical properties of the electron. Organized into 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the history of scanning electron microscopy and electron beam microanalysis. This text then explains the applications and capabilities of electron microscopes during the war. Other chapters consider the classical techniques of light microscopy. This book presents as well the schematic outline of the preparation techniques for investigation of nerve cells by electron microscopy. The final chapter deals with the historical account of the beginnings of electron microscopy in Russia. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, technologists, physicists, electrical engineers, designers, and technicians. Graduate students as well as researcher workers who are interested in the history of electron microscopy will also find this book extremely useful.
