Download or read book An Intertemporal Model of Consumption and Portfolio Allocation written by Hans Andersson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Intertemporal Model of Consumption and Portfolio Allocation written by Buddhavarapu Sailesh Ramamurtie and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop an infinite time horizon, continuous time model of portfolio choice and consumption allocation for an investor seeking to maximize the expected utility of his life-time consumption. In this model, the investor is endowed with capital that can be invested in long-lived capital assets and has, in addition, a stochastic stream of cash flows that could be interpreted as either a wage income stream or a stochastic endowment flow. We obtain a complete and original solution to the consumption-portfolio choice problem for the negative exponential and quadratic utility functions and special case solutions for the general power and log utility functions. The results obtained in this paper have significant implications for the theory of asset prices, the theory of mutual funds, optimal portfolio strategies of investors, and so forth. The results of the model can also be easily extended to one with a finite time horizon.
Download or read book Strategic Asset Allocation written by John Y. Campbell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2002-01-03 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic finance has had a remarkable impact on many financial services. Yet long-term investors have received curiously little guidance from academic financial economists. Mean-variance analysis, developed almost fifty years ago, has provided a basic paradigm for portfolio choice. This approach usefully emphasizes the ability of diversification to reduce risk, but it ignores several critically important factors. Most notably, the analysis is static; it assumes that investors care only about risks to wealth one period ahead. However, many investors—-both individuals and institutions such as charitable foundations or universities—-seek to finance a stream of consumption over a long lifetime. In addition, mean-variance analysis treats financial wealth in isolation from income. Long-term investors typically receive a stream of income and use it, along with financial wealth, to support their consumption. At the theoretical level, it is well understood that the solution to a long-term portfolio choice problem can be very different from the solution to a short-term problem. Long-term investors care about intertemporal shocks to investment opportunities and labor income as well as shocks to wealth itself, and they may use financial assets to hedge their intertemporal risks. This should be important in practice because there is a great deal of empirical evidence that investment opportunities—-both interest rates and risk premia on bonds and stocks—-vary through time. Yet this insight has had little influence on investment practice because it is hard to solve for optimal portfolios in intertemporal models. This book seeks to develop the intertemporal approach into an empirical paradigm that can compete with the standard mean-variance analysis. The book shows that long-term inflation-indexed bonds are the riskless asset for long-term investors, it explains the conditions under which stocks are safer assets for long-term than for short-term investors, and it shows how labor income influences portfolio choice. These results shed new light on the rules of thumb used by financial planners. The book explains recent advances in both analytical and numerical methods, and shows how they can be used to understand the portfolio choice problems of long-term investors.
Download or read book Consumption and Portfolio Decisions when Expected Returns are Time Varying written by John Y. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper proposes and implements a new approach to a classic unsolved problem in financial economics: the optimal consumption and portfolio choice problem of a long-lived investor facing time-varying investment opportunities. The investor is assumed to be infinitely-lived, to have recursive Epstein-Zin-Weil utility, and to choose in discrete time between a riskless asset with a constant return, and a risky asset with constant return variance whose expected log return follows and AR(1) process. The paper approximates the choice problem by log-linearizing the budget constraint and Euler equations, and derives an analytical solution to the approximate problem. When the model is calibrated to US stock market data it implies that intertemporal hedging motives greatly increase, and may even double, the average demand for stocks by investors whose risk-aversion coefficients exceed one.
Download or read book Risk Aversion and Intertemporal Substitution in the Capital Asset Pricing Model written by Philippe Weil and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When tastes are represented by a class of generalized preferences which -- unlike traditional Von-Neumann preferences -- do not confuse behavior towards risk with attitudes towards intertemporal substitution, the true beta of an asset is, in general, an average of its consumption and market betas. We show that the two parameters measuring risk aversion and intertemporal substitution affect consumption and portfolio allocation decisions in symmetrical ways. A unit elasticity of intertemporal substitution gives rise to myopia in consumption-savings decisions (the future does not affect the optimal consumption plan), while a unit coefficient of relative risk aversion gives rise to myopia in portfolio allocation (the future does not affect optimal portfolio allocation). The empirical evidence is consistent with the behavior of intertemporal maximizers who have a unit coefficient of relative risk aversion and an elasticity of intertemporal substitution different from 1.
Download or read book Risk Aversion and Intertemporal Substitution in the Capital Asset Pricing Model written by Alberto Giovannini and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When tastes are represented by a class of generalized preferences which -- unlike traditional Von-Neumann preferences -- do not confuse behavior towards risk with attitudes towards intertemporal substitution, the true beta of an asset is, in general, an average of its consumption and market betas. We show that the two parameters measuring risk aversion and intertemporal substitution affect consumption and portfolio allocation decisions in symmetrical ways. A unit elasticity of intertemporal substitution gives rise to myopia in consumption-savings decisions (the future does not affect the optimal consumption plan), while a unit coefficient of relative risk aversion gives rise to myopia in portfolio allocation (the future does not affect optimal portfolio allocation). The empirical evidence is consistent with the behavior of intertemporal maximizers who have a unit coefficient of relative risk aversion and an elasticity of intertemporal substitution different from 1
Download or read book Intertemporal Consumption Choices Transaction Costs and Limited Participation to Financial Markets written by Orazio P. Attanasio and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper builds a unifying framework that, within the theory of intertemporal consumption choices, brings together the limited participation -based explanation of the poor empirical performance of the C-CAPM and the transaction costs-based explanation of incomplete portfolios. Using the implications of the consumption model and observed household consumption and portfolio choices, we identify the preference parameters of interest and a lower bound for the costs rationalizing non-participation in financial markets, in the presence of unobserved heterogeneity in tastes for consumption and portfolio allocation. Using the US Consumer Expenditure Survey and assuming isoelastic preferences, we estimate the coefficient of relative risk aversion at 1.7 and a cost bound of 0.4 percent of non-durable consumption. Our estimate of the preference parameter is theoretically plausible and the bound sufficiently small to be likely to be exceeded by the actual total (observable and unobservable) costs of participating to financial markets.
Download or read book A Multivariate Model of Strategic Asset Allocation written by John Y. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much recent work has documented evidence for predictability of asset returns. We show how such predictability can affect the portfolio choices of long-lived investors who value wealth not for its own sake but for the consumption their wealth can support. We develop an approximate solution method for the optimal consumption and portfolio choice problem of an infinitely-lived investor with Epstein-Zin utility who faces a set of asset returns described by a vector autoregression in returns and state variables. Empirical estimates in long-run annual and postwar quarterly US data suggest that the predictability of stock returns greatly increases the optimal demand for stock. The role of nominal bonds in long-termport folios depends on the importance of real interest rate risk relative to other sources of risk. We extend the analysis to consider long-term inflation-indexed bonds and find that these bonds greatly increase the utility of conservative investors, who should hold large positions when they are available.
Download or read book Asset Pricing written by John H. Cochrane and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-11 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the prestigious Paul A. Samuelson Award for scholarly writing on lifelong financial security, John Cochrane's Asset Pricing now appears in a revised edition that unifies and brings the science of asset pricing up to date for advanced students and professionals. Cochrane traces the pricing of all assets back to a single idea--price equals expected discounted payoff--that captures the macro-economic risks underlying each security's value. By using a single, stochastic discount factor rather than a separate set of tricks for each asset class, Cochrane builds a unified account of modern asset pricing. He presents applications to stocks, bonds, and options. Each model--consumption based, CAPM, multifactor, term structure, and option pricing--is derived as a different specification of the discounted factor. The discount factor framework also leads to a state-space geometry for mean-variance frontiers and asset pricing models. It puts payoffs in different states of nature on the axes rather than mean and variance of return, leading to a new and conveniently linear geometrical representation of asset pricing ideas. Cochrane approaches empirical work with the Generalized Method of Moments, which studies sample average prices and discounted payoffs to determine whether price does equal expected discounted payoff. He translates between the discount factor, GMM, and state-space language and the beta, mean-variance, and regression language common in empirical work and earlier theory. The book also includes a review of recent empirical work on return predictability, value and other puzzles in the cross section, and equity premium puzzles and their resolution. Written to be a summary for academics and professionals as well as a textbook, this book condenses and advances recent scholarship in financial economics.
Download or read book Optimal Consumption and Portfolio Rules with Durability and Habit Formation written by Ayman Hindy and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study a model of consumption choice and portfolio allocation that captures, in two different interpretations, the combined effect of local substitution and habit formation and the combined effect of durability of consumption goods and habit formation over service flows from those goods. In a third interpretation, the model captures the idea of a dual purpose commodity. The optimal allocation problem is from the class of free boundary singular control problems. We discuss, formally, necessary, and sufficient conditions for a consumption and portfolio policy to be optimal. We also introduce a numerical technique based on approximating the original program by a sequence of discrete parameter Markov chain control problems. We provide convergence results of the value function, the optimal investment policy, and the optimal consumption regions in the approximating discrete control problems to those in the original continuous time dynamic program. We construct numerically the consumption boundary that divides the state space into two regions - one of immediate consumption and the other of abstinence. We show that both the wealth required to start consuming and the optimal fraction of wealth invested in the risky asset are cyclical functions in both the stock of the durable good and the standard of living. This is due to the interaction between the durability and habit formation effects. We also study the effect of the cyclical investment behavior on the equilibrium risk premium in a representative consumer economy.
Download or read book Rational Inattention Long Run Consumption Risk and Portfolio Choice written by Yulei Luo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores how the introduction of rational inattention (RI) -- that agents process information subject to finite channel capacity -- affects optimal consumption and investment decisions in an otherwise standard intertemporal model of portfolio choice. We first explicitly derive optimal consumption and portfolio rules under RI and then show that introducing RI reduces the optimal share of savings invested in the risky asset because inattentive investors face greater long-run consumption risk. We also show that the investment horizon matters for portfolio allocation in the presence of RI, even if investment opportunities are constant and the utility function of investors is constant relative risk aversion. Second, after aggregating across investors, we show that introducing RI can better explain the observed joint dynamics of aggregate consumption and the asset return. Finally, we show that RI increases the implied equity premium because investors under RI face greater long-run consumption risk and thus require higher compensation in equilibrium.
Download or read book Time Non separable Utility in Life cycle Consumption and Portfolio Choice written by Joseph P. Lupton and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Portfolio Choice with Internal Habit Formation written by Francisco Gomes and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivated by the success of internal habit formation preferences in explaining asset pricing puzzles, we introduce these preferences in a life-cycle model of consumption and portfolio choice with liquidity constraints, undiversifiable labor income risk and stock-market participation costs. In contrast to the initial motivation, we find that the model is not able to simultaneously match two very important stylized facts: A low stock market participation rate, and moderate equity holdings for those households that do invest in stocks. Habit formation increases wealth accumulation because the intertemporal consumption smoothing motive is stronger. As a result, households start participating in the stock market very early in life, and invest their portfolios almost fully in stocks. Therefore, we conclude that, with respect to its ability to match the empirical evidence on asset allocation behavior, the internal habit formation model is dominated by its time-separable utility counterpart.
Download or read book A Note on Robustness in Merton s Model of Intertemporal Consumption and Portfolio Choice written by Paolo Vanini and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper presents a robust version of a simple two-assets Merton (1969, Review of Economics and Statistics 51, 247-57) model where the optimal choices and the implied shadow market prices of risk for a representative robust decision maker (RDM) can be easily described. With the exception of the log-utility case, precautionary behaviour is induced in the optimal consumption-investment rules through a substitution of investment in risky assets with both current consumption and riskless saving. For the log-utility case, precautionary behaviour arises only through a substitution between risky and riskless assets. On the financial side, the decomposition of the market price of risk in a standard consumption based component and a further price for model uncertainty risk (which is positively related to the robustness parameter) is independent of the underlying risk aversion parameter.
Download or read book Optimal Consumption and Portfolio Allocation Under Mean Reverting Returns written by Jessica A. Wachter and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper solves, in closed form, the optimal portfolio choice problem for an investor with utility over consumption under mean-reverting returns. Previous solutions either require approximations, numerical methods, or the assumption that the investor does not consume over his lifetime. This paper breaks the impasse by assuming that markets are complete. The solution leads to a new understanding of hedging demand and the behavior of approximate log-linear solutions. The portfolio allocation takes the form of a weighted average and is shown to be analogous to duration for coupon bonds. Through this analogy, the notion of investment horizon is extended to that of an investor who consumes at multiple points in time.
Download or read book A Model of Housing in the Presence of Adjustment Costs written by Marjorie Flavin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper generalizes the Grossman and Laroque (1990) model of optimal consumption and portfolio allocation in the context in which a durable good (or house) subject to adjustment costs is both an argument of the utility function and a component of wealth. Because the Grossman and Laroque model abstracts completely from nondurable consumption, their analysis cannot address either a) the potential spillover effects of the adjustment costs of the durable good on the dynamics of nondurable consumption, or b) the implications for portfolio allocation of housing risk arising from variation in the relative price of housing. By introducing an endogenously determined but infrequently adjusted state variable, the housing model generates many of the implications of the habit persistence model, such as smooth nondurable consumption, state-dependent risk aversion, and a small elasticity of intertemporal substitution despite moderate risk aversion. Using a specification of the utility function which nests both the housing model and habit persistence, the Euler equation for nondurable consumption is estimated with household level data on food consumption and housing from the PSID. The habit persistence model (without housing effects) can be decisively rejected, while the housing model (without habit effects) is not rejected.
Download or read book International Portfolio Allocation Under Model Uncertainty written by Pierpaolo Benigno and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a rational-expectation model of international portfolio and consumption decisions, international home bias in equities depends on the correlation between non-diversifiable labor income risk and the cross-country equity returns, when agents have log utility in consumption. We show that there is weak empirical evidence for this channel. Moreover standard preferences fail to account for other empirical evidence on international asset prices. We propose an alternative environment with model uncertainty populated by the sophisticated agents of the robust-control theory of Hansen and Sargent (2005). Maintaining the assumption of unitary intertemporal elasticity of substitution, we show that home bias in equity can also depend on the correlation between equity returns and the real exchange rate and its weight depends on a measure of the distrust that the agent has with respect to the objective probability distribution. This hedging component, which mainly refers to long-run risk in real exchange rate, is more relevant from an empirical point of view. The proposed model is successful along other dimensions, where instead the standard rational-expectation model fails.
