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Book Thermoelectric Materials and Devices

Download or read book Thermoelectric Materials and Devices written by Iris Nandhakumar and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal energy harvesting is predicted to become a global, billion-pound market by 2020. This book provides a current perspective of recent developments and trends within thermoelectric materials and devices for power energy harvesting applications. The book highlights the potential of thermoelectrics in the context of a low carbon energy economy, and features in-depth coverage of a range of different fabrication methods for thermoelectric materials including electrodeposition. Topics covered include layered and pseudo-layered materials, thermoelectric oxides, nano- and micro-fabrication techniques, high-throughput thermoelectric measurement techniques and power mining. This book is ideal for researchers and industrialists in materials science.

Book Intra Laboratory Comparison of a Line Heat Source Guarded Hot Plate and Heat Flow Meter Apparatus

Download or read book Intra Laboratory Comparison of a Line Heat Source Guarded Hot Plate and Heat Flow Meter Apparatus written by RR. Zarr and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The apparent thermal conductivity and thermal resistance of several building insulations were determined at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) using three apparatus. Reference values were determined with NIST's 1-metre Line-Heat-Source Guarded Hot Plate (GHP). The other two apparatus were heat-flow-meter (HFM) apparatus calibrated with a Standard Reference Material of fibrous-glass board (138 kg/m3). The apparatus -- NIST's 1-metre GHP; the 610 mm HFM; and the 305 mm HFM -- were operated at a mean temperature of 24°C and temperature difference of 22°C across the thickness of the specimen. Measurements of thermal conductivity were determined for individual specimens nominally 25 mm thick, covering a range of thermal conductivity from 0.02 to 0.16 W/(m•K). The thermal resistance of thick specimens (1 to 7 m2•K/W) of cellular plastic, fibrous and loose-fill insulation was also determined. Deviations from reference values of the GHP were calculated for the HFM apparatus. For the 610 mm HFM, the majority of deviations were within ±3% of the GHP. Substantial improvement was achieved by calibrating the 305 mm HFM as a function of thickness; however, deviations ranged from +1.5 to +9.2% from the GHP. The apparatus, test procedure, and analysis of the deviations are described in the paper.

Book A Review of Current Commercially Available Guarded Hot Plate and Heat Flow Meter Apparatus and Instrumentation

Download or read book A Review of Current Commercially Available Guarded Hot Plate and Heat Flow Meter Apparatus and Instrumentation written by KG. Coumou and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equipment for the measurement of thermal performance is commercially available from a number of sources. Specifications of the various apparatus are compared, and unique features of each model are described briefly in the text. Future requirements for commercially produced thermal testing equipment are discussed.

Book Present and Future Research on Guarded Hot Plate and Heat Flow Meter Apparatus

Download or read book Present and Future Research on Guarded Hot Plate and Heat Flow Meter Apparatus written by F. De Ponte and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper discusses some problems related to the guarded hot plate (GHP) and heat flow meter (HFM) apparatus that justify today research efforts and future research programs. For the GHP these include the problem of imbalance detection and its correlation with the metering area definition, the problem of gap width, and the problem of apparatus speed. Also discussed are the specimen-related issues involved in measurements on rigid, highly conductive materials and mass transfer within the specimen during tests.

Book International Comparison of Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus Using National and Regional Reference Materials Classic Reprint

Download or read book International Comparison of Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus Using National and Regional Reference Materials Classic Reprint written by Robert R. Zarr and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-19 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from International Comparison of Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus Using National and Regional Reference Materials Certified Values for Reference Materials Protocol 3 Test Method and Apparatus Operating Principle Equipment Uncertainty Components Control Stability 4 Material Characterization Bulk Density (source Laboratories) Thermal Conductivity (source Laboratories) 5 Analysis of Fixed Temperature K) Replicate Data Presentation of Laboratory Data Graphical Exploration of Laboratory Data Engineering Significance of Laboratory Data Detailed Investigation of Laboratory Location and Variation Laboratory and Material Rankings Comparison of Source and Recipient Laboratory Data 6 Assessment of Fixed Temperature K) Replicate Data Presentation of (secondary) Laboratory Factors Evaluation of Major Sources of Variation Procedure steady-state Conditions Specimen Conditioning Surface Temperature Measurement Technique Specimen Equipment Measurement Check of Protocol Execution Mean Temperature (tm) Temperature Difference (at) Thickness (l) About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book International Comparison of Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus Using National and Regional Reference Materials

Download or read book International Comparison of Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus Using National and Regional Reference Materials written by Robert R. Zarr and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of an international comparison of guarded-hot-plate apparatus, thermal conductivity measurements of four different thermal insulation materials are presented. The test program evaluates four national reference materials using a two-part experimental plan: five independent replicate measurements at fixed temperature (297.15 K) and single-point measurements from 280?K to 320 K. The analysis of the replicate data provides rankings for the primary factors ¡ laboratory and material ¡ based on descriptive statistics. The major finding of the replicate analysis reveals a laboratory-material interaction. In other words, there are changes in both location and variation in the data from material-to-material. Further analyses attempt to determine the sources (i.e., underlying causes) for the variability in the replicate data. Secondary laboratory factors are investigated both individually following a cause-and-effect chart, and collectively using correlation analysis and analysis of variance. The major finding of the multi-temperature (280 K to 320 K) data confirm the laboratory-material interaction finding of the fixed-temperature replicate data. The data reveal increasing scatter as the temperature departs from laboratory ambient conditions of 297.15 K.

Book Development and Commissioning of a Large scale Rotatable Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus

Download or read book Development and Commissioning of a Large scale Rotatable Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus written by Joseph Paul Simonji and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large-scale guarded hot plate apparatus was designed and constructed for measurement of the thermal conductivity of thick insulation specimens and specimens containing layers and/or complex 3D heat flows (i.e. thermal bridges). The apparatus is capable of accepting specimens measuring 4' (1219mm) by 4' (1219mm) and up to 16” (406mm) thick with good accuracy in measurement. Computer models were developed to estimate heat flow errors important for determining the characteristics and limitations of the apparatus. Other sources of error in measurement were also evaluated. Once constructed, the apparatus was validated against a heat flow meter calibrated to better than 1% using a US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable calibration sample. Good agreement was shown between the heat flow meter and the guarded hot plate;

Book Comparison of Modes of Operation for Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus with Emphasis on Transient Characteristics

Download or read book Comparison of Modes of Operation for Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus with Emphasis on Transient Characteristics written by National Research Council of Canada. Division of Building Research and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Standard Practice for Using the Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus in the One Sided Mode to Measure Steady State Heat Flux and Thermal Transmission Properties

Download or read book Standard Practice for Using the Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus in the One Sided Mode to Measure Steady State Heat Flux and Thermal Transmission Properties written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Sensitivity Analysis for a Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus

Download or read book Sensitivity Analysis for a Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus written by Robert R. Zarr and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results and analyses of a sensitivity study of six controlled variables on the response of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 500 mm guarded-hot-plate apparatus are presented. The effects of four factors held constant as well as three uncontrolled environmental variables were also examined. The goal of the study is to derive a sensitivity analysis ranking of the relative importance of factors and interactions affecting the apparatus. Sixty-six thermal conductivity measurements were conducted across three experiments at a mean temperature of 310 K for a pair of fibrous-glass specimens (120 kg.m-3) having nominal dimensions 500 mm in diameter and 26 mm in thickness. The apparatus response was studied using an orthogonal fractional factorial design, a one-factor-at-a-time design, and a full factorial design for a subset of factors from the fractionated design. The results indicate that most important factor affecting the thermal conductivity measurement was the temperature difference across the air space separating the central meter plate and the surrounding guard plate, described here as the gap temperature difference (?Tg). The study also revealed an interaction between the gap temperature difference and the temperature difference across the specimen (?Tavg). An empirical model for the results of the sensitivity study is presented. Results of the gap temperature difference (?Tg) are similar to published results from another guarded-hot-plate apparatus. Improvements for equipment operation, as well as insights to the sources of experimental uncertainty, are presented.

Book A Guarded Hot plate Apparatus for the Measurement of Thermal Conductivity

Download or read book A Guarded Hot plate Apparatus for the Measurement of Thermal Conductivity written by HAROLD J. HODGE and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Design Criteria for Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus

Download or read book Design Criteria for Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus written by F. De Ponte and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A procedure is suggested, in this paper, for a rational design of guarded hot plate apparatus of assigned performances.