Download or read book An Expert Performance Approach to Examining Factors Contributing to Academic Success in Organic Chemistry written by Kiruthiga Nandagopal and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Successful completion of the introductory course in organic chemistry is a prerequisite for many graduate and professional science programs, yet the failure rate for this course is notoriously high. To date, there have been few studies examining factors contributing to academic success in organic chemistry. This study demonstrates that the online, longitudinal methods used by investigations of expert performance can examine and successfully identify factors contributing to academic success at the college level. Sixty-four students enrolled in introductory organic chemistry during the Fall 2007 and Spring 2008 semesters completed motivation questionnaires, interviews, diaries, and think-aloud reading and problem-solving tasks at three different points across a semester. Measures of spatial ability, general ability, and background preparation were also collected. Each measure was analyzed to determine significant differences between groups differing in grade-point average (GPA) prior to the start of the course and to identify predictors of organic chemistry grade. Variables measuring background preparation, problem-solving strategies and studying strategies were found to be the best predictors of academic success in organic chemistry. Implications for instruction in organic chemistry and effective studying behaviors are discussed.
Download or read book Continuities and Discontinuities in Factors Contributing to Science Achievement written by Enrique Jose Lopez (#suffix.) and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discipline of chemistry remains a challenge for many college students interested in pursuing Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematic (STEM) disciplines and related professions, particularly underrepresented minority (URM) students. Higher numbers of URM students are entering college with aspirations of pursuing science disciplines now than any time in the past decade. However, the disparity between URM students interested in pursuing science and URM students' matriculation rates is considerable. This is especially important in high-stakes "gatekeeper" courses such as introductory organic chemistry because this course is a requirement for a majority of science degrees and has led students, especially minority students, to question their ability to succeed in science. This dissertation examines two competing perspectives -- continuities and discontinuities in learning -- that have been used to explain students' differential academic achievement. More specifically, these perspectives are examined with respect to important factors like problem solving, conceptual understanding, and study activity behaviors that are related with students' course performance. To date, no study has examined both perspectives simultaneously with respect to important cognitive and behavioral factors. A total of 90 first-semester organic chemistry students attending Golden Gate State University (pseudonym) were recruited for this study. Students were required to attend a total of 4 semi-structured interviews that covered key units throughout the semester. Each interview consisted of completing a concept mapping exercise, a problem set while thinking out loud, and a week-long daily study diary. Concept map proposition scores and problem set scores revealed a main effect of ethnicity that was associated with prior science GPA. In contrast, neither concept map structure nor study strategy was related to a student's ethnic group affiliation. In solving problems, students predominately used 4 common strategies (Forward-working, Means-end, Trial-and-error, and Guessing) to solve problems. Differences were associated with students' prior achievement level (High or Low). Finally, investigation of study strategies showed that all students, regardless of ethnicity, predominantly engage in 4 commonly used study strategies. Results overwhelmingly support the continuity perspective indicating that students' performance on key outcomes are attributable to prior learning, not ethnic group affiliation. These findings underscore the importance of providing access to quality science learning opportunities and resources that aid in developing students understanding. In addition, the finding that students' predominately use reviewing strategies in isolation when studying for organic chemistry highlight the importance of developing workshops and tutorials that encourage students to engage in active peer-learning strategies such as seeking help from peers or goal setting activities. Findings from this study are expected to lead to the design of randomized trial studies involving individualized versus group study strategies and performance on conceptual understanding and problem solving measures. Ultimately, the goal of this line of research is to inform the restructuring of organic chemistry teaching and learning methods in order to close potential gaps in student knowledge. Furthermore, the information obtained from these analyses is expected to be of importance to the prevention of student attrition in STEM courses and the encouragement of enrollment of underrepresented groups.
Download or read book Student Reasoning in Organic Chemistry written by Professor Nicole Graulich and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2022-12-21 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reasoning about structure-reactivity and chemical processes is a key competence in chemistry. Especially in organic chemistry, students experience difficulty appropriately interpreting organic representations and reasoning about the underlying causality of organic mechanisms. As organic chemistry is often a bottleneck for students’ success in their career, compiling and distilling the insights from recent research in the field will help inform future instruction and the empowerment of chemistry students worldwide. This book brings together leading research groups to highlight recent advances in chemistry education research with a focus on the characterization of students’ reasoning and their representational competencies, as well as the impact of instructional and assessment practices in organic chemistry. Written by leaders in the field, Student Reasoning in Organic Chemistry is ideal for chemistry education researchers, instructors and practitioners, and graduate students in chemistry education.
Download or read book Factors that Contribute to Organic Chemistry Performance written by Ara Cho Austin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guided by cognitive, socio-cognitive, and socio-cultural learning theories, large-scale studies over multiple semesters, multiple instructors and at two different institutions have been performed in order to understand the factors that contribute to student performance in general organic chemistry. Students' cognitive abilities were assessed in a new way based on a categorization of problem types in a standard organic chemistry curriculum. Problem types that required higher cognitive load were found to be more predictive of overall course performance. However, student performance on high cognitive load problems was different when compared in terms of non-cognitive factors, e.g. whether they were pre-health students or not. These results suggested that organic chemistry performance may be significantly influenced by non-cognitive factors. Students' motivation and related self-regulation factors were then studied using an instrument specifically designed for general organic chemistry, the Organic Chemistry Motivation Survey. Of all the factors examined, self-efficacy was found to be the most significant predictor of performance. Socio-cultural factors were also studied using a newly developed instrument for measuring college students' cultural and social capital, the Science Capital Questionnaire (SCQ). Of the different socio-cultural variables measured by the SCQ, students' social connections in college were found to be most predictive of organic chemistry performance. Finally, cognitive and socio-cognitive variables were studied together in the context of gender differences in organic chemistry. Females were found to underperform in comparison to the males. This gap was found to be alarmingly large on the basis of final letter grade, in some semesters the percentage of males earning an A grade was twice as large as that for females. Spatial ability was not a factor that contributed to this difference, nor was the gender of the instructor. Instead, self-efficacy was found to be both significantly different between males and females, and also the factor that connected most strongly to course performance. It is suggested that sociocultural factors be the subject of further study in college science courses.
Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1961-05 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance written by K. Anders Ericsson and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 985 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, some of the world's foremost 'experts on expertise' provide scientific knowledge on expertise and expert performance.
Download or read book The Road To Excellence written by K. Anders Ericsson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excellence and the highest levels of performance in the arts and sciences, sports, and games have always been an object of fascination to both scientists and lay people. Only during the last 20 years have scientists studied these levels of performance in the laboratory in order to identify their mediating mechanisms. Contrary to the common belief that innate talents are the critical factors for exceptional performance, investigators have found that acquired skills, knowledge, and physiological adaptations in response to intense practice are the primary mechanisms, mediating the highest levels of performance. This is the first and only book to examine how elite performers effect their exceptional accomplishments. The world's leading researchers on expert performance and creative achievement review theories and recent findings from many different domains of expertise on how experts optimize improvement in their performance and eventually attain excellence. Elite performers are shown to have engaged in deliberate-practice activities specifically designed to improve their performance from an early age. By age 20 they have often accumulated over 10,000 hours of practice! The essential elements of deliberate practice, such as specific goals to improve performance, successive refinement through repetition, feedback and instruction, are explicated for different domains. Although the content of practice tasks will necessarily differ from domain to domain, investigators have found invariant characteristics for the optimal duration of practice sessions, maximal amounts of daily practice, the length of intense preparation (around 10 years), and ages of peak performance. Some of the book's chapters extend the review to the acquisition of everyday-life skills such as reading, to the performance of teams of experts, and to the development of creative achievement, geniuses, and artistic child prodigies. The book concludes with commentaries by several outstanding scientists in psychology, education, and history of science who discuss the generalizability of presented ideas and raise issues for future issues. EXTRA COPY...It could be said that striving for excellence is what characterizes humanity, or perhaps what characterizes humanity at its best. Why do so few individuals ever reach the highest levels when so many start out on the Road to Excellence? In this book, the world's foremost researchers of expert performance in domains as diverse as sports, medicine, chess, and the arts explore the similarities and differences in the extended and strenuous Road to Excellence taken by the successful individuals in each domain. Their findings will intrigue and inspire readers who are themselves driven to achieve or who simply want to better understand the processes involved.
Download or read book Classics in Total Synthesis III written by K. C. Nicolaou and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-14 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: K.C. Nicolaou - Winner of the Nemitsas Prize 2014 in Chemistry Adopting his didactically skillful approach, K.C. Nicolaou compiles in this textbook the important synthetic methods that lead to a complex molecule with valuable properties. He explains all the key steps of the synthetic pathway, highlighting the major developments in blue-boxed sections and contrasting these to other synthetic methods. A wonderful tool for learning and teaching and a must-have for all future and present organic and biochemists.
Download or read book The 9th Annual International Seminar on Trends in Science and Science Education AISTSSE 2022 written by and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-10-04 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the ninth time we are hosting this seminar and we are proud to inform you that this seminar is an annual event in our calendar and has been held every year since 2014. This year, for the third year, we are holding it via Zoom meeting (online meeting) due to Covid-19 pandemic. We are inviting internationally recognized speakers from several countries to share their latest discoveries in the fields of Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics and Science Education. Well-known researchers in science and science education will share their experiences and knowledge so that we can stay up-to-date with the latest information. This is one of the goals of this seminar. As science researchers, we realize the importance of information exchange among us. The new information enlightens our minds and gives us ideas on what to do next in our research and how to do it. This new information often becomes the foundation for our next project in particular and sets the research trends for the upcoming year in general. Information exchange also keeps us updated, allowing us to give and receive suggestions and critiques that will lead to better results. Therefore, we need a forum where we can share and exchange information. Seminars, conferences, and other scientific gatherings are the media through which we can do this. Organizer Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Universitas Negeri Medan Where Web Seminar via Zoom Meeting When Tuesday, 8th November 2022 Theme The development of industrial-based research in science and science education to improve research innovation strategy Topics: AISTSSE-2020 included following topics: 1. Mathematics Science 2. Mathematics Education 3. Physics Science 4. Physics Education 5. Biology Science 6. Biology Education 7. Chemistry Science 8. Chemistry Education 9. Computer Science 10.Science Education Scientific Committee 1. Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd, Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 2. Prof. Dr. Marleen Kamperman, University of Groningen (Netherland) 3. Prof. Manihar Situmorang, M.Sc., Ph.D , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 4. Prof. Tsunenori Mine, School of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kyushu University (Japan) 5. Prof. Dian Armanto, M.Pd, Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 6. Prof. Dr. Herbert Sipahutar, M.Sc , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 7. Prof. Abedel Karrem Nasser M Alomari Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University (Jordan) 8. Prof. Dr. Bornok Sinaga, M.Pd , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 9. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Sattar Rasul Universitas Kebangsaan Malaysia, (Malaysia) 10. Prof. Motlan, M.Sc., Ph.D , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 11. Prof. Dr. Asmin, M.Pd , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 12. Prof. Dr. Fauziyah Harahap, M.Si, Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 13. Prof. Dr. Mukhtar, M.Pd , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 14. Prof. Dr. Pargaulan Siagian, M.Pd , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 15. Prof. Dr. Sahat Saragih, M.Pd , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 16. Prof. Dr. Edi Syahputra, M.Pd , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 17. Prof. Dr. Hasratuddin, M.Pd , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 18. Prof. Dr. Ramlan Silaban, M.Si, Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 19. Prof. Dr. Retno Dwi Suyanti, M.Si , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 20. Prof. Dr. Nurdin Bukit, M.Si , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 21. Prof. Dr. Sahyar, M.S , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 22. Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Binari Manurung, M.Si , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 23. Prof. Dr. Makmur Sirait, M.Si , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 24. Prof. Dr. Eva Marlina Ginting, M.Si , Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 25. Prof. Dr. Drs. Tri Harsono, M.Si, Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 26. Prof. Dr. Martina Restuati, M.Si, Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) 27. Prof. Drs. Zul Amry, M.Si., Ph.D, Universitas Negeri Medan (Indonesia) Supported by: FORUM MIPA LPTK INDONESIA
Download or read book Problems and Problem Solving in Chemistry Education written by Georgios Tsaparlis and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-05-17 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problem solving is central to the teaching and learning of chemistry at secondary, tertiary and post-tertiary levels of education, opening to students and professional chemists alike a whole new world for analysing data, looking for patterns and making deductions. As an important higher-order thinking skill, problem solving also constitutes a major research field in science education. Relevant education research is an ongoing process, with recent developments occurring not only in the area of quantitative/computational problems, but also in qualitative problem solving. The following situations are considered, some general, others with a focus on specific areas of chemistry: quantitative problems, qualitative reasoning, metacognition and resource activation, deconstructing the problem-solving process, an overview of the working memory hypothesis, reasoning with the electron-pushing formalism, scaffolding organic synthesis skills, spectroscopy for structural characterization in organic chemistry, enzyme kinetics, problem solving in the academic chemistry laboratory, chemistry problem-solving in context, team-based/active learning, technology for molecular representations, IR spectra simulation, and computational quantum chemistry tools. The book concludes with methodological and epistemological issues in problem solving research and other perspectives in problem solving in chemistry. With a foreword by George Bodner.
Download or read book Using Reflection and Metacognition to Improve Student Learning written by Naomi Silver and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research has identified the importance of helping students develop the ability to monitor their own comprehension and to make their thinking processes explicit, and indeed demonstrates that metacognitive teaching strategies greatly improve student engagement with course material.This book -- by presenting principles that teachers in higher education can put into practice in their own classrooms -- explains how to lay the ground for this engagement, and help students become self-regulated learners actively employing metacognitive and reflective strategies in their education.Key elements include embedding metacognitive instruction in the content matter; being explicit about the usefulness of metacognitive activities to provide the incentive for students to commit to the extra effort; as well as following through consistently.Recognizing that few teachers have a deep understanding of metacognition and how it functions, and still fewer have developed methods for integrating it into their curriculum, this book offers a hands-on, user-friendly guide for implementing metacognitive and reflective pedagogy in a range of disciplines. Offering seven practitioner examples from the sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields, the social sciences and the humanities, along with sample syllabi, course materials, and student examples, this volume offers a range of strategies for incorporating these pedagogical approaches in college classrooms, as well as theoretical rationales for the strategies presented. By providing successful models from courses in a broad spectrum of disciplines, the editors and contributors reassure readers that they need not reinvent the wheel or fear the unknown, but can instead adapt tested interventions that aid learning and have been shown to improve both instructor and student satisfaction and engagement.
Download or read book Learning Creating and Using Knowledge written by Joseph D. Novak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised and updated edition of Learning, Creating, and Using Knowledge recognizes that the future of economic well being in today's knowledge and information society rests upon the effectiveness of schools and corporations to empower their people to be more effective learners and knowledge creators. Novak’s pioneering theory of education presented in the first edition remains viable and useful. This new edition updates his theory for meaningful learning and autonomous knowledge building along with tools to make it operational ─ that is, concept maps, created with the use of CMapTools and the V diagram. The theory is easy to put into practice, since it includes resources to facilitate the process, especially concept maps, now optimised by CMapTools software. CMapTools software is highly intuitive and easy to use. People who have until now been reluctant to use the new technologies in their professional lives are will find this book particularly helpful. Learning, Creating, and Using Knowledge is essential reading for educators at all levels and corporate managers who seek to enhance worker productivity.
Download or read book The Road To Excellence written by K. Anders Ericsson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excellence and the highest levels of performance in the arts and sciences, sports, and games have always been an object of fascination to both scientists and lay people. Only during the last 20 years have scientists studied these levels of performance in the laboratory in order to identify their mediating mechanisms. Contrary to the common belief that innate talents are the critical factors for exceptional performance, investigators have found that acquired skills, knowledge, and physiological adaptations in response to intense practice are the primary mechanisms, mediating the highest levels of performance. This is the first and only book to examine how elite performers effect their exceptional accomplishments. The world's leading researchers on expert performance and creative achievement review theories and recent findings from many different domains of expertise on how experts optimize improvement in their performance and eventually attain excellence. Elite performers are shown to have engaged in deliberate-practice activities specifically designed to improve their performance from an early age. By age 20 they have often accumulated over 10,000 hours of practice! The essential elements of deliberate practice, such as specific goals to improve performance, successive refinement through repetition, feedback and instruction, are explicated for different domains. Although the content of practice tasks will necessarily differ from domain to domain, investigators have found invariant characteristics for the optimal duration of practice sessions, maximal amounts of daily practice, the length of intense preparation (around 10 years), and ages of peak performance. Some of the book's chapters extend the review to the acquisition of everyday-life skills such as reading, to the performance of teams of experts, and to the development of creative achievement, geniuses, and artistic child prodigies. The book concludes with commentaries by several outstanding scientists in psychology, education, and history of science who discuss the generalizability of presented ideas and raise issues for future issues. EXTRA COPY...It could be said that striving for excellence is what characterizes humanity, or perhaps what characterizes humanity at its best. Why do so few individuals ever reach the highest levels when so many start out on the Road to Excellence? In this book, the world's foremost researchers of expert performance in domains as diverse as sports, medicine, chess, and the arts explore the similarities and differences in the extended and strenuous Road to Excellence taken by the successful individuals in each domain. Their findings will intrigue and inspire readers who are themselves driven to achieve or who simply want to better understand the processes involved.
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Student Engagement written by Sandra L. Christenson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than two decades, the concept of student engagement has grown from simple attention in class to a construct comprised of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components that embody and further develop motivation for learning. Similarly, the goals of student engagement have evolved from dropout prevention to improved outcomes for lifelong learning. This robust expansion has led to numerous lines of research across disciplines and are brought together clearly and comprehensively in the Handbook of Research on Student Engagement. The Handbook guides readers through the field’s rich history, sorts out its component constructs, and identifies knowledge gaps to be filled by future research. Grounding data in real-world learning situations, contributors analyze indicators and facilitators of student engagement, link engagement to motivation, and gauge the impact of family, peers, and teachers on engagement in elementary and secondary grades. Findings on the effectiveness of classroom interventions are discussed in detail. And because assessing engagement is still a relatively new endeavor, chapters on measurement methods and issues round out this important resource. Topical areas addressed in the Handbook include: Engagement across developmental stages. Self-efficacy in the engaged learner. Parental and social influences on engagement and achievement motivation. The engaging nature of teaching for competency development. The relationship between engagement and high-risk behavior in adolescents. Comparing methods for measuring student engagement. An essential guide to the expanding knowledge base, the Handbook of Research on Student Engagement serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students in such varied fields as clinical child and school psychology, educational psychology, public health, teaching and teacher education, social work, and educational policy.
Download or read book Positive Learning in the Age of Information written by Olga Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While information and communication technology has a vast influence on our lives, little is understood about its effects on the way we learn. In the Age of Information, students – consciously or not – are learning in diverse formal and informal environments from a broad variety of sources, with scientific knowledge competing against unfounded assertions, and misinformation and biased data spreading through social and mass media. The Positive Learning in the Age of Information (PLATO) program illustrated by the contributions in this book unites outstanding and highly innovative expertise on the fundamentals of information processing and human learning to investigate a new paradigm of positive learning as a vital, morally and ethically oriented approach, which is of existential importance to maintaining the civilization standards of a modern society in the digital age.
Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1970-06 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
