Download or read book An Evaluation of Enhanced Geothermal Systems Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2008 document presents the results of an eight-month study by the Department of Energy (DOE) and its support staff at the national laboratories concerning the technological requirements to commercialize a new geothermal technology, Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS).
Download or read book An Evaluation of Enhanced Geothermal Systems Technology written by United States. Department of Energy. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhanced Geothermal Systems EGS Basics of EGS and Technology Evaluation Reservoir Development and Operation Economics Exploratory Wells written by Geothermal Technologies Program (GTP) and published by . This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring Department of Energy (DOE) reports, this book provides comprehensive information on enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) technology. EGS are engineered reservoirs created to produce energy from geothermal resources that are otherwise not economical due to a lack of fluid and/or permeability. EGS technology can enhance existing geothermal systems and create new systems where appropriate thermal and geologic characteristics occur. EGS has the potential for accessing the Earth's vast resources of heat located at depth to help meet the energy needs of the United States. USGS estimates 500,000 MWe of EGS geothermal resource potential lies beneath the western United States. This is approximately half of the current installed electric power generating capacity in the United States. In order to select an appropriate EGS site, it is crucial to understand the geologic characteristics of the area through field exploration. After surface exploration, an exploratory well is drilled to determine the permeability of the resource, and whether fluid is present. If the site possesses the necessary characteristics, an injection well is planned. Geothermal energy is a domestic energy source. Clearly, geothermal energy can greatly contribute to the nation's energy mix. It is clean and available 24 hours a day. The United States has an estimated 2800 MW of geothermal installed capacity; worldwide, the figure is 8000 MW. The U.S. Geological Survey estimated in 1979 that the hydrothermal geothermal power potential in the United States was approximately 23,000 MW. In addition, thousands of installations are using geothermal energy for agriculture, aquaculture, district heating and cooling, and other direct uses. This estimate of geothermal potential could be even higher. Using geothermal energy reduces our dependence on imported fuels, creates jobs in the United States, and more favorably balances the U.S. global trading position. Geothermal energy has environmental benefits. Electricity produced from geothermal resources in the United States prevents the emission of 22 million tons of carbon dioxide, 200,000 tons of sulfur dioxide, 80,000 tons of nitrogen oxides, and 110,000 tons of particulate matter every year compared to conventional coal-fired power plants. A geothermal binary power plant, operating with a closed system, emits virtually nothing to the atmosphere. Technologies have been developed to recycle minerals contained in geothermal fluid so that little or no disposal or emissions occur.
Download or read book Enhanced Geothermal Systems EGS Well Construction Technology Evaluation Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electricity production from geothermal resources is currently based on the exploitation of hydrothermal reservoirs. Hydrothermal reservoirs possess three ingredients critical to present day commercial extraction of subsurface heat: high temperature, in-situ fluid and high permeability. Relative to the total subsurface heat resource available, hydrothermal resources are geographically and quantitatively limited. A 2006 DOE sponsored study led by MIT entitled 'The Future of Geothermal Energy' estimates the thermal resource underlying the United States at depths between 3 km and 10 km to be on the order of 14 million EJ. For comparison purposes, total U.S. energy consumption in 2005 was 100 EJ. The overwhelming majority of this resource is present in geological formations which lack either in-situ fluid, permeability or both. Economical extraction of the heat in non-hydrothermal situations is termed Enhanced or Engineered Geothermal Systems (EGS). The technologies and processes required for EGS are currently in a developmental stage. Accessing the vast thermal resource between 3 km and 10 km in particular requires a significant extension of current hydrothermal practice, where wells rarely reach 3 km in depth. This report provides an assessment of well construction technology for EGS with two primary objectives: (1) Determining the ability of existing technologies to develop EGS wells. (2) Identifying critical well construction research lines and development technologies that are likely to enhance prospects for EGS viability and improve overall economics. Towards these ends, a methodology is followed in which a case study is developed to systematically and quantitatively evaluate EGS well construction technology needs. A baseline EGS well specification is first formulated. The steps, tasks and tools involved in the construction of this prospective baseline EGS well are then explicitly defined by a geothermal drilling contractor in terms of sequence, time and cost. A task and cost based analysis of the exercise is subsequently conducted to develop a deeper understanding of the key technical and economic drivers of the well construction process. Finally, future research & development recommendations are provided and ranked based on their economic and technical significance.
Download or read book Evaluation of Seismic Probability and Fault Reactivation for Enhanced Geothermal Systems written by Faraz Valipoor Goodarzi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth in energy demand from developing nations necessitates the utilization of all available sources of energy. Primarily due to their environmental benefits, clean and renewable energy resources are of particular interest. Moreover, since renewable energy is gathered from naturally replenished sources, it is widely available around the world. Origins of renewable energy include sunlight, rain, wind, waves, and geothermal heat. Of these, geothermal heat is the area of focus in this research. The main goal of geothermal energy technology is to find a way to transfer the thermal energy to the surface where it can be used for heating and generating electricity. All geothermal technologies are based on this principle. The process of geothermal energy extraction can take place in both shallow and deep layers of crust. Among the commonly available energy extraction technologies, Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) is of particular interest in this research. Through EGS, a cold fluid is injected into the ground and extracted heat energy is delivered through a process called “hydraulic stimulation”. The target of this research is to develop a model to investigate the geomechanical issues of a deep EGS set-up in addition to the influence of the “hydraulic stimulation” process on the geologic medium, particularly the problem of induced seismicity in a pre-existing fault which exists in the system. A 2D numerical finite element code is developed to iv analyze the behavior of porous subsurface in terms of displacement, stress, fluid pressure distribution, and temperature through a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) approach using the corresponding mathematical governing equations. After modeling an EGS setup and stimulation program, an efficient approach is introduced along the concept of Mohr-Coulomb diagram which enables studying the seismic risk potential in an EGS using the final stress state of the geologic medium obtained from the THM approach.
Download or read book Evaluation of Seismic Activity and Fault Reactivation for Enhanced Geothermal Systems written by Faraz Valipoor Goodarzi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth in energy demand from developing nations necessitates the utilization of all available sources of energy. Primarily due to their environmental benefits, clean and renewable energy resources are of particular interest. Moreover, since renewable energy is gathered from naturally replenished sources, it is widely available around the world. Origins of renewable energy include sunlight, rain, wind, waves, and geothermal heat. Of these, geothermal heat is the area of focus in this research. The main goal of geothermal energy technology is to find a way to transfer the thermal energy to the surface where it can be used for heating and generating electricity. All geothermal technologies are based on this principle. The process of geothermal energy extraction can take place in both shallow and deep layers of crust. Among the commonly available energy extraction technologies, Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) is of particular interest in this research. Through EGS, a cold fluid is injected into the ground and extracted heat energy is delivered through a process called "hydraulic stimulation". The target of this research is to develop a model to investigate the geomechanical issues of a deep EGS set-up in addition to the influence of the "hydraulic stimulation" process on the geologic medium, particularly the problem of induced seismicity in a pre-existing fault which exists in the system. A 2D numerical finite element code is developed to iv analyze the behavior of porous subsurface in terms of displacement, stress, fluid pressure distribution, and temperature through a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) approach using the corresponding mathematical governing equations. After modeling an EGS setup and stimulation program, an efficient approach is introduced along the concept of Mohr-Coulomb diagram which enables studying the seismic risk potential in an EGS using the final stress state of the geologic medium obtained from the THM approach.
Download or read book Geothermal Energy written by Kriti Yadav and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the usage of geothermal energy in countries with low-enthalpy reservoirs. It begins with the fundamentals of geothermal energy and classification of geothermal resources and their importance, including enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). Further, it discusses the creation, production, potential assessment, perspective analysis, life cycle, and environmental assessments of EGS. It describes applications in the field of geothermal energy with relevant case studies and introduces the application of machine learning techniques in the field of geothermal sectors. Features: Focuses on the development of low- to moderate-enthalpy geothermal resources Introduces machine learning tools and artificial intelligence as applied to geothermal energy Provides an understanding of geothermal energy resources and EGS Discusses the possibility of EGS using spallation and laser drilling Includes stimulation methods (thermal, hydraulic, chemical, and explosive) and case studies This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in geology, clean energy, geothermal energy, and thermal engineering.
Download or read book Geothermal Energy Systems written by Ernst Huenges and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geothermal Energy Systems The book encounters basic knowledge about geothermal technology for the utilization of geothermal resources. The book helps to understand the basic geology needed for the utilization of geothermal energy, shows up the practice to make access to geothermal reservoirs by drilling and the engineering of the reservoir by enhancing methods. The book describes the technology to make use of the Earth?s heat for direct use, power, and/or chill and gives boundary conditions for its economic and environmental utilization. A special focus is made on enhanced or engineered geothermal systems (EGS) which are based on concepts which bring a priori less productive reservoirs to an economic use. From the contents: Reservoir Definition Exploration Methods Drilling into Geothermal Reservoirs Enhancing Geothermal Reservoirs Geothermal Reservoir Simulation Energetic Use of EGS Reservoirs Economic Performance and Environmental Assessment Deployment of Enhanced Geothermal Systems plants and CO2-mitigation
Download or read book The Future of Geothermal Energy written by and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent national focus on the value of increasing our supply of indigenous, renewable energy underscores the need for reevaluating all alternatives, particularly those that are large and well distributed nationally.
Download or read book Geothermal Energy Systems written by Ibrahim Dincer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-25 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geothermal Energy Systems provides design and analysis methodologies by using exergy and enhanced exergy tools (covering exergoenvironmental, exergoeconomic, exergetic life cycle assessment, etc.), environmental impact assessment models, and sustainability models and approaches. In addition to presenting newly developed advanced and integrated systems for multigenerational purposes, the book discusses newly developed environmental impact assessment and sustainability evaluation methods and methodologies. With case studies for integrated geothermal energy sources for multigenerational aims, engineers can design and develop new geothermal integrated systems for various applications and discover the main advantages of design choices, system analysis, assessment and development of advanced geothermal power systems. Explains the ability of geothermal energy power systems to decrease global warming Discusses sustainable development strategies for using geothermal energy sources Provides new design conditions for geothermal energy sources-based district energy systems
Download or read book Fracturing Horizontal Wells written by Mohamed Y. Soliman and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effectively Apply Modern Fracturing Methods in Horizontal Wells Improve productivity and maximize natural gas extraction using the practical information contained in this comprehensive guide. Written by world-renowned experts, Fracturing Horizontal Wells features complete details on the latest fracking tools and technologies. Illustrations, tables, and real-world examples are found throughout. Discover how to handle site selection and testing, build accurate simulations, and efficiently extract energy from horizontal sources, including shale formations. Environmental standards, regulatory compliance, and safety protocols are also included. Fracturing Horizontal Wells covers: • Fracture Stimulation of Horizontal Wells • Transitioning from Vertical to Horizontal Wellbores • Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Horizontal Wells • Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Fractured Horizontal Wells • Fracturing Horizontal Wells: Rock Mechanics Overview • Drilling of Horizontal Wells • Proppant and Proppant Transport • Fracture Diagnostic Testing • Interval Isolation • Horizontal Completion Fracturing Methods and Techniques • Use of Well Logging Measurements and Analysis for Fracturing Design • Fracture Treatment Diagnostics • Environmental Stewardship
Download or read book Geothermal Power Generation written by Ronald DiPippo and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geothermal Power Generation: Developments and Innovation provides an update to the advanced energy technologies that are urgently required to meet the challenges of economic development, climate change mitigation, and energy security. As geothermal resources are considered renewable and can be used to generate baseload electricity while producing very low levels of greenhouse gas emissions, they can play a key role in future energy needs. This book, edited by a highly respected expert, provides a comprehensive overview of the major aspects of geothermal power production. The chapters, contributed by specialists in their respective areas, cover resource discovery, resource characterization, energy conversion systems, and design and economic considerations. The final section provides a range of fascinating case studies from across the world, ranging from Larderello to Indonesia. Users will find this to be an essential text for research and development professionals and engineers in the geothermal energy industry, as well as postgraduate researchers in academia who are working on geothermal energy. Provides readers with a comprehensive and systematic overview of geothermal power generation Presents an update to the advanced energy technologies that are urgently required to meet the challenges of economic development, climate change mitigation, and energy security Edited by a world authority in the field, with chapters contributed by experts in their particular areas Includes comprehensive case studies from across the world, ranging from Larderello to Indonesia
Download or read book Report on the U S DOE Geothermal Technologies Program s 2009 Risk Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NREL conducted an annual program risk analysis on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy Geothermal Technologies Program (GTP). NREL implemented a probabilistic risk analysis of GTP-sponsored research, development, and demonstration (RD & D) work, primarily for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). The analysis examined estimates of improvement potential derived from program RD & D work for two types of technology performance metric (TPM): EGS-enabling technologies potential and EGS cost improvement potential. Four risk teams (exploration, wells/pumps/tools, reservoir engineering, and power conversion) comprised of industry experts, DOE laboratory researchers, academic researchers, and laboratory subcontractors estimated the RD & D impacts and TPM-improvement probability distributions. The assessment employed a risk analysis spreadsheet add-in that uses Monte Carlo simulation to drive the Geothermal Electric Technology Evaluation Model (GETEM). The GETEM-based risk analysis used baseline data from the experts' discussion of multiple reports and data sources. Risk results are expressed in terms of each metric's units and/or the program's top-level metric: levelized costs of electricity (LCOE). Results--both qualitative comments and quantitative improvement potential--are thorough and cohesive in three of the four expert groups. This conference paper summarizes the industry's current thinking on various metrics and potential for research improvement in geothermal technologies.
Download or read book Enhanced Geothermal Systems EGS written by Dornadula Chandrasekharam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-10-02 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter Meisen, Past President, Global Energy Network Institute, asked in 1997, “What if there was an existing, viable technology, that when developed to its highest potential could increase everyone’s standard of living, cut fossil fuel demand and the resultant pollution?” After 23 years of sustained effort by the global scientific community, this is becoming a reality. The technology to extract heat from granite has been revolutionized in the last few years. The classical method of creating fracture networks by hydrofracturing is being replaced by a closed-loop method where fluids are not in contact with the hot granite. Supercritical CO2 is replacing water as a circulating fluid. Certainly, the future energy road is going to be led by highly radiogenic granites. While hydrothermal sources are site-specific and have their limitations, EGS can be initiated anywhere on earth. EGS is removing all such obstacles and, in the future, will provide uninterrupted electricity for all. Energy-deficient countries can have surplus electricity; water-stressed countries can have a perennial freshwater supply; and countries can become food-secure and rise above poverty levels. Countries need not depend on energy imports and can independently evolve into carbon neutral or low carbon societies. The contributions made by experts will help researchers and investors to close the energy demand and supply gap in the very near future by tapping the unlimited energy of the Earth. Opportunities available for investors in Turkey are well documented with field, geophysical, and geochemical data and information on the energy generating capacity of the granite intrusive spread over a cumulative area of 6,910 km2 in western Anatolia. With the signing of the Global Geothermal Alliance (GGA) by several countries during the December 2015 CoP 21 (Conference of Parties) summit in Paris, countries are obliged to reduce CO2 emissions by increasing the footprint of renewable energy in the primary source mix. Information provided in this book will lead the way to establishing a clean energy future for millions of people for sustainable development and help to mitigate crises arising due to food, water, and energy shortage issues. Academic and research institutes will benefit to a large extent from the expertise of the top contributors in this book. This information provided in this book will help to lay the foundation for super-hot EGS research in future.
Download or read book Final Report of Geothermal Energy and High Performance Drilling Collaborative Research Program gebo written by Cuvillier Verlag and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2015-08-19 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The superior goal of the gebo research association was making important contributions for the future reliable drilling under the existing “hot-hard-rock” conditions in Niedersachsen and their development to the geothermal drillings with sustainable geological subsurface heat exchangers. This goal should be achieved due to the solid research and innovative technology approaches in their combination within one concept for pioneering methods in deep geothermal drillings in hard rock, to be more exact - in interdisciplinary cooperation on engineers and scientists - in cooperation between industry and University, researchers and users Gebo research association comprised scientists and technicians of different research institutions and universities who are working in 33 projects. The individual projects were assigned to one of the 4 main research fields or focus areas. Gebo research association started its activities with 7 project partners participating: - Technische Universität Braunschweig (TUBS) - Technische Universität Clausthal (TUC) - Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (UGOE) - Leibniz-Institut für Angewandte Geophysik (LIAG) - Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) - Energie-Forschungszentrum Niedersachsen (EFZN) Baker Hughes, an industrial partner, participated in the association and supplies it with its experience and additional funds.
Download or read book Geoenergy Modeling III written by Norihiro Watanabe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on numerical modeling of deep hydrothermal and petrothermal systems in fractured georeservoirs for utilization in Geothermal Energy applications. The authors explain the particular challenges and approaches to modeling heat transport and high-throughput flow in multiply fractured porous rock formations. In order to help readers gain a system-level understanding of the necessary analysis, the authors include detailed examples of growing complexity as the techniques explained in the text are introduced. The coverage culminates with the fully-coupled analysis of real deep geothermal test-sites located in Germany and France.
Download or read book Geothermal Energy written by William E. Glassley and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, cost effective, reliable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly, use of geothermal energy has been limited to areas where obvious surface features pointed to the presence of a shallow local heat source, such as hot springs and volcanoes. However, recent technological advances have dramatically expanded the range and size of viable resources, especially for applications such as modular power generation, home heating, and other applications that can use heat directly. These recent developments have greatly expanded opportunities for utilizing geothermal energy. Reflecting current interest in alternative energy, Geothermal Energy: Renewable Energy and the Environment explores where geothermal energy comes from and how to find it, how it can be accessed, successful applications, and improvements for future uses. The author reviews the background, theory, power generation, applications, strengths, weaknesses, and practical techniques for implementing geothermal energy projects. He stresses the links between acquisition and consumption and the environment. Packed with real world case studies and practical implementation steps, the book covers geosciences principles, exploration concepts and methods, drilling operations and techniques, equipment needs, and economic and environmental topics. Each chapter includes an annotated list of key sources that provide useful information beyond that contained in the text. The minor environmental impacts caused by geothermal energy gives it the potential to play an important role in the transition from fossil fuels to more sustainable fuels. Successful deployment, however, requires that the resource be matched to the application being developed. Rigorously covering all aspects of geothermal energy, this book provides up-to-date scientific information that can be used to discern applications and regions best suited for geothermal energy. Author William E. Glassley was recently interviewed on The Kathleen Show about using geothermal energy to heat and cool our homes.
