Download or read book An Empirical Investigation of Foreign Aid and Dutch Disease in Bangladesh written by Sakib Amin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bangladesh, like all other developing nations, is historically dependent on inflow of foreign capital to finance investments necessary for the nation's development. Dutch disease has always been an interesting field of research for economists all over the globe. The effectiveness of foreign aid in attainment of development goals is often questioned in the light of this problem. Economists have endeavoured themselves in finding whether a sudden rise in external inflow of foreign currency into a country does affect its real exchange rate making its economy better or worse off than before. Thus, the aim of this paper is to investigate the existence of the “Dutch Disease” problem in context of Bangladesh using a multivariate framework incorporating annual time series data from 1980 to 2014. A simple linear regression model was presented which depicts Real Exchange Rate as a function of real fundamentals, as proposed by Edwards (1989) and Montiel (1999), such as Net Official Development Assistance inflow, Government Expenditure, Foreign Direct Investment inflows, Terms of Trade, Economics Openness, and Inflow of Remittance. Our model depicts the spending effect hypothesis put forward by Cordon and Neary (1982) which states that a rise in relative spending in the non-traded goods sector will have appreciative pressures on a country's real exchange rate. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) tests are used to test for the stationarity properties and it is found that they are stationary in the first differenced form. Moreover, using Granger causality test, we have observed various causal relationships between the model variables. Our results reveal that there is no evidence of Dutch disease following Foreign Aid inflow in Bangladesh during the period 1980-2014. Bangladesh's appropriate exchange rate regime and the central bank's tight grip over the exchange rate might have attributed to foreign aid being ineffective in appreciating the real exchange rate. Therefore, it is recommended that Bangladesh can continue to attract foreign development assistance from the developed world without the fear of losing export competitiveness. Moreover, the foreign aid received should ideally be invested in the tradable sector avoiding any appreciative pressure on the country's real exchange rate.
Download or read book Foreign Aid and Its Unintended Consequences written by Dirk-Jan Koch and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-09-27 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign aid and international development frequently bring with it a range of unintended consequences, both negative and positive. This book delves into these consequences, providing a fresh and comprehensive guide to understanding and addressing them. The book starts by laying out a theoretical framework based on complexity thinking, before going on to explore the ten most prevalent kinds of unintended effects of foreign aid: backlash effects, conflict effects, migration and resettlement effects, price effects, marginalization effects, behavioural effects, negative spillover effects, governance effects, environmental effects, and ripple effects. Each chapter revolves around a set of concrete case studies, analysing the mechanisms underpinning the unintended effects and proposing ways in which policymakers, practitioners, and evaluators can tackle negative side effects and maximize positive side effects. The book also includes personal testimonies, a succinct overview of unintended effects, and suggestions for further reading. Providing a clear overview of what side effects to anticipate when planning, executing, and evaluating aid, this book will be an important resource for students, development practitioners, and policymakers alike.
Download or read book Assessing Aid written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessing Aid determines that the effectiveness of aid is not decided by the amount received but rather the institutional and policy environment into which it is accepted. It examines how development assistance can be more effective at reducing global poverty and gives five mainrecommendations for making aid more effective: targeting financial aid to poor countries with good policies and strong economic management; providing policy-based aid to demonstrated reformers; using simpler instruments to transfer resources to countries with sound management; focusing projects oncreating and transmitting knowledge and capacity; and rethinking the internal incentives of aid agencies.
Download or read book Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib and the Present Bangladesh written by Muhammad Sayadur Rahman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-11-21 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, known as Bangabandhu by his followers/countrymen, is the most prominent political figure in the emergence of Bangladesh. Bangabandhu transcended his contemporaries and even his political mentors considering the impact he had on the creation of the new nation-state. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the leadership and legacy of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib in the framing of modern Bangladesh. It discusses themes like the formation of Bangladesh; the Bengali nationalist movement; Bangabandhu and his political socialization; Bangabandhu’s political and administrative philosophy and his economic and developmental thoughts. Topical and lucid, this book is a must-read for scholars and researchers of Political Science, South Asian Politics, South Asian History, Political Leadership, Political Sociology and also for the Bangladeshi diaspora.
Download or read book International Comparisons of Educational Attainment written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foreign Aid and Development written by Finn Tarp and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2000-08-17 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aid has worked in the past but can be made to work better in the future. This book offers important new research and will appeal to those working in economics, politics and development studies as well as to governmental and aid professionals.
Download or read book Emerging Issues in Economics and Development written by Musa Jega Ibrahim and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economics is about understanding the rational behaviour of economic agents (households, firms, industries and government) in their decisions to achieve best outcomes of their goals and aspirations. They collectively converge to achieve the utmost economic and social benefits for all in the country in terms of economic growth and development. Economic growth and development occur through efficient use of available resources to meet effective demand and social needs. The challenge that countries are facing is proper application of appropriate policy mix to optimize the opportunities of increasingly interdependent global economic landscape. For emerging economies, a multiple sector strategy that propels economic transformation is crucial. This needs to be predicated on robust macroeconomic policy framework that aligns with global production and consumption activities to drive economic growth process for achieving sustainable development.
Download or read book Foreign aid and development in Bangladesh written by Atikul Islam and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-04-22 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Sociology - Economy and Industry, University of Dhaka, language: English, abstract: The effectiveness of foreign aids to the third world developing countries is a controversial issue. Liberal economists thought, key to economic success is appropriate usage of loans, and if it is utilized effectively, such loans can have a hugely important role to play. Loans can contribute to poverty reduction, to fill the deficit of budget gap, to build big construction such as bridge, roads, public buildings, educational institutions etc. But critique of foreign aid such as Andre Gudner Frank argues that foreign aid is a means of domination, dependency, exploitation to the third world developing countries. In the colonial era, imperialist countries accumulated raw materials, natural resources, mineral resources etc. directly through colonialism or imperialism. In the present neocolonial or neoliberal society, aid is a new form of domination, dependency to the third world countries and also a means of trade, marketing of machineries, technologies etc. Bangladesh, located in South Asia, is one of the poorest countries in the world. According to the UNDP’s 2010 Country Summary report, the country has a large population 164.7 million and having GDP per Capita is $ 1300. External debt is $ 316.7 per $ 1000 GDP. Foreign aid both grants and loans has impacts on the economy of Bangladesh. It contributes to the development works like bridge, roads, highways, infrastructural works etc. But it is also leading to growing indebtedness, dependency, domination etc. Padma Bridge project is the most recent and best example of foreign aid as means of development or dependency of a country. World Bank is gradually delaying the project for the acquisition of corruption against SNC- Lavalin Company and former communication minister Sayad Abul Hoshen etc. But there is also acquisition against World Bank that it was itself was in favor of fault lender institution. Recently, Bangladesh has withdrawn its proposal from World Bank but World Bank has declared that proposed loan for Padma Bridge is fixed for Bangladesh and Bangladesh can use the loan in other development projects. My paper argues that foreign aid has impact on the development but it is also means of domination and trade of donors. Bangladesh is not self sufficient not to take the aid but if the aid is channeled through appropriate biding and utilized effectively, such aid can have hugely important role for development.
Download or read book Workers Remittances and the Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate written by Mr.Adolfo Barajas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the impact of workers’ remittances on equilibrium real exchange rates (ERER) in recipient economies. Using a small open economy model, it shows that standard "Dutch Disease" results of appreciation are substantially weakened or even overturned depending on: degree of openness; factor mobility between domestic sectors; counter cyclicality of remittances; the share of consumption in tradables; and the sensitivity of a country’s risk premium to remittance flows. Panel cointegration techniques on a large set of countries provide support for these analytical results, and show that ERER appreciation in response to sustained remittance flows tends to be quantitatively small.
Download or read book Dead Aid written by Dambisa Moyo and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debunking the current model of international aid promoted by both Hollywood celebrities and policy makers, Moyo offers a bold new road map for financing development of the world's poorest countries.
Download or read book Macroeconomic Consequences of Remittances written by Connel Fullenkamp and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-03-11 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the large size of aggregate remittance flows (billions of dollars annually), they should be expected to have significant macroeconomic effects on the economies that receive them. This paper directly addresses the two main issues of interest to policymakers with regard to remittances--how to manage their macroeconomic effects, and how to harness their development potential--by reporting the results of the first global study of the comprehensive macroeconomic effects of remittances on recipient economies. In broad terms, the findings of this paper tend to confirm the main benefit cited in the microeconomic literature: remittances improve households' welfare by lifting families out of poverty and insuring them against income shocks. The findings also yield a number of important caveats and policy considerations, however, that have largely been overlooked. The main challenge for policymakers in countries that receive significant flows of remittances is to design policies that promote remittances and increase their benefits while mitigating adverse side effects. Getting these policy prescriptions correct early on is imperative. Globalization and the aging of developed economy populations will ensure that demand for migrant workers remains robust for years to come. Hence, the volume of remittances likely will continue to grow, and with it, the challenge of unlocking the maximum societal benefit from these transfers.
Download or read book Our Continent Our Future written by P. Thandika Mkandawire and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Continent, Our Future presents the emerging African perspective on this complex issue. The authors use as background their own extensive experience and a collection of 30 individual studies, 25 of which were from African economists, to summarize this African perspective and articulate a path for the future. They underscore the need to be sensitive to each country's unique history and current condition. They argue for a broader policy agenda and for a much more active role for the state within what is largely a market economy. Finally, they stress that Africa must, and can, compete in an increasingly globalized world and, perhaps most importantly, that Africans must assume the leading role in defining the continent's development agenda.
Download or read book Global Waves of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
Download or read book Global Economic Prospects 2006 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International migration, the movement of people across international boundaries to improve economic opportunity, has enormous implications for growth and welfare in both origin and destination countries. An important benefit to developing countries is the receipt of remittances or transfers from income earned by overseas emigrants. Official data show that development countries' remittance receipts totaled 160 billion in 2004, more than twice the size of official aid. This year's edition of Global Economic Prospects focuses on remittances and migration. The bulk of the book covers remittances.
Download or read book The Impact of Remittances on Economic Activity The Importance of Sectoral Linkages written by Hector Perez-Saiz and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We propose a simple macroeconomic model with input-output sectoral linkages based on Acemoglu et al. (2016) to quantify how changes in aggregate demand due to additional income from household’s remittances propagates through the network of input-output linkages in Sub-Saharan African countries. We first propose two network centrality measures to assess the role of some sectors as key input providers in the economy. Then, we use these measures to quantify the effect of sectoral linkages on sectoral and total output following an increase in remittances inflows. Our empirical results suggest that the effects of remittances on recipient economies increase with the degree of linkages across sectors, which is especially prominent in the case of the financial intermediation sector. Our paper contributes to the emerging macroeconomic literature on the propagation of shocks across sectors and the implications for the whole economy.
Download or read book World Development Report 2009 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-11-04 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rising densities of human settlements, migration and transport to reduce distances to market, and specialization and trade facilitated by fewer international divisions are central to economic development. The transformations along these three dimensions density, distance, and division are most noticeable in North America, Western Europe, and Japan, but countries in Asia and Eastern Europe are changing in ways similar in scope and speed. 'World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography' concludes that these spatial transformations are essential, and should be encouraged. The conclusion is not without controversy. Slum-dwellers now number a billion, but the rush to cities continues. Globalization is believed to benefit many, but not the billion people living in lagging areas of developing nations. High poverty and mortality persist among the world's 'bottom billion', while others grow wealthier and live longer lives. Concern for these three billion often comes with the prescription that growth must be made spatially balanced. The WDR has a different message: economic growth is seldom balanced, and efforts to spread it out prematurely will jeopardize progress. The Report: documents how production becomes more concentrated spatially as economies grow. proposes economic integration as the principle for promoting successful spatial transformations. revisits the debates on urbanization, territorial development, and regional integration and shows how today's developers can reshape economic geography.
Download or read book Does What You Export Matter written by Daniel Lederman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-06-18 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does what economies export matter for development? If so, can industrial policies improve on the export basket generated by the market? This book approaches these questions from a variety of conceptual and policy viewpoints. Reviewing the theoretical arguments in favor of industrial policies, the authors first ask whether existing indicators allow policy makers to identify growth-promoting sectors with confidence. To this end, they assess, and ultimately cast doubt upon, the reliability of many popular indicators advocated by proponents of industrial policy. Second, and central to their critique, the authors document extraordinary differences in the performance of countries exporting seemingly identical products, be they natural resources or 'high-tech' goods. Further, they argue that globalization has so fragmented the production process that even talking about exported goods as opposed to tasks may be misleading. Reviewing evidence from history and from around the world, the authors conclude that policy makers should focus less on what is produced, and more on how it is produced. They analyze alternative approaches to picking winners but conclude by favoring 'horizontal-ish' policies--for instance, those that build human capital or foment innovation in existing and future products—that only incidentally favor some sectors over others.
