Download or read book An Assessment of Chemical Contaminants Detected in Passive Water Samplers Deployed in the St Thomas East End Reserves STEER written by Anthony S. Pait and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report is the second in a series from a project to assess land-based sources of pollution (LBSP) and effects in the St. Thomas East End Reserves (STEER) in St. Thomas, USVI, and is the result of a collaborative effort between NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, the USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources, the University of the Virgin Islands, and The Nature Conservancy. Passive water samplers (POCIS) were deployed in the STEER in February 2012. Developed by the US Geological Survey (USGS) as a tool to detect the presence of water soluble contaminants in the environment, POCIS samplers were deployed in the STEER at five locations. In addition to the February 2012 deployment, the results from an earlier POCIS deployment in May 2010 in Turpentine Gut, a perennial freshwater stream which drains to the STEER, are also reported. A total of 26 stormwater contaminants were detected at least once during the February 2012 deployment in the STEER. Detections were high enough to estimate ambient water concentrations for nine contaminants using USGS sampling rate values. From the May 2010 deployment in Turpentine Gut, 31 stormwater contaminants were detected, and ambient water concentrations could be estimated for 17 compounds"--Abstract.
Download or read book An Assessment of Chemical Contaminants Toxicity and Benthic Infauna in Sediments from the St Thomas East End Reserves STEER written by Anthony S. Pait and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report contains a chemical and biological characterization of sediments from the St. Thomas East End Reserves (STEER) in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). The STEER Management Plan (published in 2011) identified chemical contaminants and habitat loss as high or very high threats and called for a characterization of chemical contaminants as well as an assessment of their effects on natural resources. The baseline information contained in this report on chemical contaminants, toxicity and benthic infaunal community composition can be used to assess current conditions, as well as the efficacy of future restoration activities.
Download or read book An Assessment of Chemical Contaminants Toxicity and Benthic Infauna in Sediments from the St Thomas East End Reserves STEER written by Anthony S. Pait and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Passive Samplers for the Monitoring of Contaminants in Sediment and Water written by Martin Larsen and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive samplers spiked with performance reference compounds (PRC) were prepared in Holland, and deployed at 9 sites in the Nordic countries and Greenland. Mussels were collected at the same sites to compare passive sampler results with the mussel-watch approach usually applied in national monitoring. Sediments were sampled from 6 sites, and analysed both by total methods and passive samplers for pore water concentration. From the spiked PRCs, sampling rates was calculated, and used to determine water phase concentration of PAHs and other organic compounds with a high octanol-water partitioning coefficient. The project has shown that silicone passive samplers can be used for monitoring programmes, and development of guidelines and quality assurance of analysis are underway. Within the next 2-3 years it could become part of the monitoring strategy of OSPAR, EU and the Nordic Countries.
Download or read book NORMAN Interlaboratory Study ILS on Passive Sampling of Emerging Pollutants written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive samplers can play a valuable role in monitoring water quality within a legislative framework such as the European Union's Water Framework Directive (WFD). The time-integrated data from these devices can be used to complement chemical monitoring of priority and emerging contaminants which are difficult to analyse by spot or bottle sampling methods, and to improve risk assessment of chemical pollution. In order to increase the acceptance of passive sampling technology amongst end users and to gain further information about the robustness of the calibration and analytical steps, several inter-laboratory field studies have recently been performed in Europe. Such trials are essential to further validate this sampling method and to increase the confidence of the technological approach for end users.^An inter-laboratory study on the use of passive samplers for the monitoring of emerging pollutants was organised in 2011 by the NORMAN association (Network of reference laboratories for monitoring emerging environmental pollutants; www.norman-network.net) together with the European DG Joint Research Centre to support the Common Implementation Strategy of the WFD. Thirty academic, commercial and regulatory laboratories participated in the passive sampler comparison exercise and each was allowed to select their own sampler design. All the different devices were exposed at a single sampling site to treated waste water from a large municipal treatment plant. In addition, the organisers deployed in parallel for each target analyte class multiple samplers of a single type which were subsequently distributed to the participants for analysis. This allowed an evaluation of the contribution of the different analytical laboratory procedures to the data variability.^The results obtained allow an evaluation of the potential of different passive sampling methods for monitoring selected emerging organic contaminants (pharmaceuticals, polar pesticides, steroid hormones, fluorinated surfactants, triclosan, bisphenol A and brominated flame retardants). In most cases, between laboratory variation of results from passive samplers was roughly a factor 5 larger than within laboratory variability. Similar results obtained for different passive samplers analysed by individual laboratories and also low within laboratory variability of sampler analysis indicate that the passive sampling process is causing less variability than the analysis. This points at difficulties that laboratories experienced with analysis in complex environmental matrices. Where a direct comparison was possible (not in case of brominated flame retardants) analysis of composite water samples provided results that were within the concentration range obtained by passive samplers.^However, in the future a significant improvement of the overall precision of passive sampling is needed. The results will be used to inform EU Member States about the potential application of passive sampling methods for monitoring organic chemicals within the framework of the WFD.
Download or read book Evaluation of Passive Samplers for the Monitoring of Contaminants in Sediment and Water written by Martin Larsen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive samplers spiked with performance reference compounds (PRC) were prepared in Holland, and deployed at 9 sites in the Nordic countries and Greenland. Mussels were collected at the same sites to compare passive sampler results with the mussel-watch approach usually applied in national monitoring. Sediments were sampled from 6 sites, and analysed both by total methods and passive samplers for pore water concentration. From the spiked PRCs, sampling rates was calculated, and used to determine water phase concentration of PAHs and other organic compounds with a high octanol-water partitioning coefficient. The project has shown that silicone passive samplers can be used for monitoring programmes, and development of guidelines and quality assurance of analysis are underway. Within the next 2-3 years it could become part of the monitoring strategy of OSPAR, EU and the Nordic Countries.
Download or read book Development and Evaluation of Passive Sampling Devices to Characterize the Sources Occurrence and Fate of Polar Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Systems written by Jonathan K. Challis and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of this dissertation was to develop and evaluate an improved aquatic passive sampling device (PSD) for measurement of polar organic contaminants. Chemical uptake of current polar-PSDs (e.g., POCIS - polar organic chemical integrative sampler) is dependent on the specific environmental conditions in which the sampler is deployed (flow-rate, temperature), leading to large uncertainties when applying laboratory-derived sampling rates in-situ. A novel configuration of the diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) passive sampler was developed to overcome these challenges. The organic-DGT (o-DGT) configuration comprised a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance® sorbent binding phase and an outer agarose diffusive gel (thickness = 0.5-1.5 mm), notably excluding a polyethersulfone protective membrane which is used with all other polar-PSDs. Sampler calibration exhibited linear uptake and sufficient capacity for 34 pharmaceuticals and pesticides over typical environmental deployment times, with measured sampling rates ranging from 9-16 mL/d. Measured and modelled diffusion coefficients (D) through the outer agarose gel provided temperature-specific estimates of o-DGT sampling rates within 20% (measured-D) and 30% (modelled-D) compared to rates determined through full-sampler calibration. Boundary layer experiments in lab and field demonstrated that inclusion of the agarose diffusive gel negated boundary layer effects, suggesting that o-DGT uptake is largely insensitive to hydrodynamic conditions. The utility of o-DGT was evaluated under a variety of field conditions and performance was assessed in comparison to POCIS and grab samples. o-DGT was effective at measuring pharmaceuticals and pesticides in raw wastewater effluents, small creeks, large fast-flowing rivers, open-water lakes, and under ice at near-zero water temperatures. Concentrations measured by o-DGT were more accurate than POCIS when compared to grab samples, likely resulting from the influence in-situ conditions have on POCIS. Modelled sampling rates were successfully used to estimate semi-quantitative water concentrations of suspect wastewater contaminants using high-resolution mass spectrometry, demonstrating the unique utility of this o-DGT technique. This dissertation establishes o-DGT as a more accurate, user-friendly, and widely applicable passive sampler compared to current-use polar-PSDs. The o-DGT tool will help facilitate more accurate and efficient monitoring efforts and ultimately lead to more appropriate exposure data and environmental risk assessment.
Download or read book Guidelines for Passive Sampling of Hydrophobic Contaminants in Water Using Silicone Rubber Samplers written by Foppe Smedes and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparison of Marine Sampling Methods for Organic Contaminants Passive Samplers Water Extractions and Live Oyster Deployments written by Kristin B Raub and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Priority Pollutants in Surface Water Using Passive Sampling written by British Standards Institute Staff and published by . This book was released on 2006-05-31 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water, Quality, Sampling methods, Water testing, Surface water, Water pollution, Chemical water pollutants, Sampling equipment, Chemical analysis and testing, Quality control
Download or read book Use of Passive Sampling to Measure the Bioavailability of Chemical Contaminants in Surface Waters and Soil written by Kelly L. O'Neal and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water, Fish Contaminant Section and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Passive sampling of organic contaminants in the water phase written by Kees Booij and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Time integrated Passive Sampling as a Complement to Conventional Point in time Sampling for Investigating Drinking water Quality McKenzie River Basin Oregon 2007 and 2010 11 written by Kathleen A. McCarthy and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Eugene Water & Electric Board (EWEB) supplies drinking water to approximately 200,000 people in Eugene, Oregon. The sole source of this water is the McKenzie River, which has consistently excellent water quality relative to established drinking-water standards. To ensure that this quality is maintained as land use in the source basin changes and water demands increase, EWEB has developed a proactive management strategy that includes a combination of conventional point-in-time discrete water sampling and time-integrated passive sampling with a combination of chemical analyses and bioassays to explore water quality and identify where vulnerabilities may lie. In this report, we present the results from six passive-sampling deployments at six sites in the basin, including the intake and outflow from the EWEB drinking-water treatment plant (DWTP). This is the first known use of passive samplers to investigate both the source and finished water of a municipal DWTP. Results indicate that low concentrations of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organohalogen compounds are consistently present in source waters, and that many of these compounds are also present in finished drinking water. The nature and patterns of compounds detected suggest that land-surface runoff and atmospheric deposition act as ongoing sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, some currently used pesticides, and several legacy organochlorine pesticides. Comparison of results from point-in-time and time-integrated sampling indicate that these two methods are complementary and, when used together, provide a clearer understanding of contaminant sources than either method alone.
Download or read book Development of Innovative Applications for Passive Sampling Devices written by Sarah E. Allan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemicals must be bioavailable for there to be a potential for exposure and consequent risk to human or environmental health. Passive sampling devices (PSDs) are used to quantify the time-integrated concentration of bioavailable contaminants. We demonstrate that PSDs can be paired with the zebrafish developmental toxicity bioassay to produce site-specific, temporally resolved information about the toxicity of environmental samples. Furthermore, modeling associations between the chemical components of environmental mixtures and the toxic outcomes they elicit can link bioactive compounds to biological effects. This research also shows that PSDs can be used as direct biological surrogates in a risk assessment model. We were able to determine spatial and seasonal variations in exposure and risk from the consumption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in organisms from the Portland Harbor Superfund that were not detected in the Public Health Assessment for the area. Additionally, PSDs are a tool that we were able to rapidly deploy after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. We quantified biologically relevant PAH contamination on a large spatial scale, over a long period of time when the chemicals of concern were present at relatively low dissolved concentrations, their impact on certain areas was sporadic and their presence and toxicological significance were not easily visualized. The research presented here can be applied to improve environmental monitoring, mixture toxicity assessment and risk assessment.
Download or read book Time intergrating Passive Samplers for Organic Contaminants in Water written by Jennifer M. Croskrey and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organic Contaminants in the Thames River Estuary written by Tiffany Michelle St. George and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
