Download or read book An Analysis of the Rationale for Canada s Withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol and the Possible Impacts on the Canadian Oil and Gas Industry written by Ernest C. Nwanguma and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the Kyoto Protocol, Canada pledged to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 6% below its 1990 levels, from 2008-2012. Unfortunately, Canada withdrew in December 2011, which was effective from December 2012. This thesis analyses the rationale for Canada's withdrawal and how it might impact its oil and gas industry. The qualitative method used, deploys the case study approach for the entire study. From an extensive empirical review, the research questions are analyzed using the constructive and interpretative analytical method, under two theoretical frameworks - The Rational Choice Theory and Public Choice Theory. Results show Canada renounced the Protocol because of huge oil sand deposits, which it could not have exploited under the 6% reduction target. Canada aims to check its GHG emissions only through a Canadian made GHG mitigation strategy. Opinions of oil and gas industry experts were not sampled due to lack of interest in the central research question. The thesis recommends more transparent operations from oil and gas companies regarding environmental issues. The federal government should adopt long term emission reduction goals with strict considerations of national energy resources and economic interests.
Download or read book How Ratifying the Kyoto Protocol Will Benefit Canada s Competitiveness written by Sylvie Boustie and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The industrial sector in the U. K. pushed for the development of an early regulatory framework for GHG emissions in order to prepare itself to meet the country's Kyoto target on time and gain a strategic competitive advantage by being ahead of the game and able to build on and export new knowledge. [...] Those arguments have the following flaws: • Opponents of the Protocol ignore the evidence provided by a number of international economic studies that the U. S. withdrawal from the Protocol has lowered the overall cost of the Protocol for Canada.34 A key reason for this is the removal of U. S. demand for international emissions units reached this weekend in Bonn opens the way for Canada's ratificat [...] Again, in the case of climate change, regarding the exceedance of formal regulatory objectives, one can point to the example of the U. K., whose government has taken on the voluntary goal of reducing GHG emissions by 20% below the 1990 level by 2010, substantially beyond the U. K.'s Kyoto Protocol target (under the E. U. burden sharing agreement) of an average 12.5% reduction by 2008-2012. [...] As noted in Section 1.1, the federal and provincial governments' Analysis and Modelling Group is not considering the costs of climate change or the benefits to human health in its assessment of the economic effects of the Kyoto Protocol on Canada. [...] This is exactly the kind of system that federal and provincial governments in Canada are envisaging as the central policy instrument to reduce GHG emissions from large industrial emitters in a potential package of measures to implement the Kyoto Protocol.58 During the negotiations leading to the establishment of the Acid Rain Program, the targeted utilities argued strenuously that the Program woul.
Download or read book The Kyoto Uncertainty Potential Impact of Ratifying the Kyoto Protocol on the Canadian Oil Natural Gas Industry written by Friesen, Mark and published by Calgary : BMO Nesbitt Burns. This book was released on 2002 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Assessment of the Economic and Environmental Implications for Canada of the Kyoto Protocol written by National Climate Change Secretariat (Canada). Analysis and Modelling Group and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Climate Change Process written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the work of the Forest Sector Table, established to analyze & evaluate forest sector greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction options to aid in implementing the Kyoto Protocol. The Table evaluated the potential for the forest sector to help reduce GHG emissions and to offset such emissions through carbon sequestration. Options presented in the report are analyzed in terms of their costs & mitigation potential as well as other considerations including implications for competitiveness, environmental & health impacts, and employment. After an introduction on the Table's analytical approach & linkages with other Tables, section 2 presents an overview of the Canadian forest sector and concerns regarding the Kyoto Protocol & international issues. Section 3 assesses forest industry energy options for improving energy efficiency, switching fuels, utilizing emerging technologies, and developing wood ethanol production. Section 4 examines carbon sequestration options currently in the Protocol (afforestation, reforestation, deforestation) and not in the Protocol (measures related to forest management & carbon stored in forest products). The final section summarizes the measures evaluated and makes recommendations for action & for policy measures.
Download or read book International Trade and Climate Change written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-10-15 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change remains a global challenge requiring international collaborative action. Another area where countries have successfully committed to a long-term multilateral resolution is the liberalization of international trade. Integration into the world economy has proven a powerful means for countries to promote economic growth, development, and poverty reduction. The broad objectives of the betterment of current and future human welfare are shared by both global trade and climate regimes. Yet both climate and trade agendas have evolved largely independently through the years, despite their mutually supporting objectives. Since global emission goals and global trade objectives are shared policy objectives of most countries, and nearly all of the World Bank's clients, it makes sense to consider the two sets of objectives together. This book is one of the first comprehensive attempts to look at the synergies between climate change and trade objectives from economic, legal, and institutional perspectives. It addresses an important policy question - how changes in trade policies and international cooperation on trade policies can help address global environmental spillovers, especially GHG emissions, and what the (potential) effects of (national) environmental policies that are aimed at global environmental problems might be for trade and investment. It explores opportunities for aligning development and energy policies in such a way that they could stimulate production, trade, and investment in cleaner technology options.
Download or read book From Impacts to Adaptation written by and published by Canadian Museum of Civilization/Musee Canadien Des Civilisations. This book was released on 2008 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses current and future risks and opportunities that climate change presents to Canada, with a focus on human and managed systems. Based on analysis of existing knowledge.
Download or read book Climate Impacts on Energy Systems written by Jane O. Ebinger and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "While the energy sector is a primary target of efforts to arrest and reverse the growth of greenhouse gas emissions and lower the carbon footprint of development, it is also expected to be increasingly affected by unavoidable climate consequences from the damage already induced in the biosphere. Energy services and resources, as well as seasonal demand, will be increasingly affected by changing trends, increasing variability, greater extremes and large inter-annual variations in climate parameters in some regions. All evidence suggests that adaptation is not an optional add-on but an essential reckoning on par with other business risks. Existing energy infrastructure, new infrastructure and future planning need to consider emerging climate conditions and impacts on design, construction, operation, and maintenance. Integrated risk-based planning processes will be critical to address the climate change impacts and harmonize actions within and across sectors. Also, awareness, knowledge, and capacity impede mainstreaming of climate adaptation into the energy sector. However, the formal knowledge base is still nascent?information needs are complex and to a certain extent regionally and sector specific. This report provides an up-to-date compendium of what is known about weather variability and projected climate trends and their impacts on energy service provision and demand. It discusses emerging practices and tools for managing these impacts and integrating climate considerations into planning processes and operational practices in an environment of uncertainty. It focuses on energy sector adaptation, rather than mitigation which is not discussed in this report. This report draws largely on available scientific and peer-reviewed literature in the public domain and takes the perspective of the developing world to the extent possible."
Download or read book Global Carbon Pricing written by Peter Cramton and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why the traditional “pledge and review” climate agreements have failed, and how carbon pricing, based on trust and reciprocity, could succeed. After twenty-five years of failure, climate negotiations continue to use a “pledge and review” approach: countries pledge (almost anything), subject to (unenforced) review. This approach ignores everything we know about human cooperation. In this book, leading economists describe an alternate model for climate agreements, drawing on the work of the late Nobel laureate Elinor Ostrom and others. They show that a “common commitment” scheme is more effective than an “individual commitment” scheme; the latter depends on altruism while the former involves reciprocity (“we will if you will”). The contributors propose that global carbon pricing is the best candidate for a reciprocal common commitment in climate negotiations. Each country would commit to placing charges on carbon emissions sufficient to match an agreed global price formula. The contributors show that carbon pricing would facilitate negotiations and enforcement, improve efficiency and flexibility, and make other climate policies more effective. Additionally, they analyze the failings of the 2015 Paris climate conference. Contributors Richard N. Cooper, Peter Cramton, Ottmar Edenhofer, Christian Gollier, Éloi Laurent, David JC MacKay, William Nordhaus, Axel Ockenfels, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Steven Stoft, Jean Tirole, Martin L. Weitzman
Download or read book Diversification and Cooperation in a Decarbonizing World written by Grzegorz Peszko and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first stocktaking of what the decarbonization of the world economy means for fossil fuel†“dependent countries. These countries are the most exposed to the impacts of global climate policies and, at the same time, are often unprepared to manage them. They depend on the export of oil, gas, or coal; the use of carbon-intensive infrastructure (for example, refineries, petrochemicals, and coal power plants); or both. Fossil fuel†“dependent countries face financial, fiscal, and macro-structural risks from the transition of the global economy away from carbon-intensive fuels and the value chains based on them. This book focuses on managing these transition risks and harnessing related opportunities. Diversification and Cooperation in a Decarbonizing World identifies multiple strategies that fossil fuel†“dependent countries can pursue to navigate the turbulent waters of a low-carbon transition. The policy and investment choices to be made in the next decade will determine these countries’ degree of exposure and overall resilience. Abandoning their comfort zones and developing completely new skills and capabilities in a time frame consistent with the Paris Agreement on climate change is a daunting challenge and requires long-term revenue visibility and consistent policy leadership. This book proposes a constructive framework for climate strategies for fossil fuel†“dependent countries based on new approaches to diversification and international climate cooperation. Climate policy leaders share responsibility for creating room for all countries to contribute to the goals of the Paris Agreement, taking into account the specific vulnerabilities and opportunities each country faces.
Download or read book The Paris Agreement on Climate Change written by Daniel Klein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-26 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most important climate agreement in history, the Paris Agreement on Climate Change represents the commitment of the nations of the world to address and curb climate change. Signed in December 2015, it entered into force on 4th November 2016. Countries are moving into implementation, and efforts at all levels will be needed to fulfill its ambitious goals. The Paris Climate Agreement: Commentary and Analysis combines a comprehensive legal appraisal and critique of the new Agreement with a practical and structured commentary to and social drivers behind it, providing an overview of the pre-existing regime, and tracking the history of the negotiations. It examines the evolution of key concepts such as common but differentiated responsibilities, and analyses the legal form of the Agreement and the nature of its provisions. Part II comprises individual chapters on each Article of the Agreement, with detailed commentary of the provisions which highlights central aspects from the negotiating history and the legal nature of the obligations. It describes the institutional arrangements and considerations for national implementation, providing practical advice and prospects for future development. Part III reflects on the Paris Agreement as a whole: its strengths and weaknesses, its potential for further development, and its relationship with other areas of public international law and governance. The book is an invaluable resource for academics and practitioners, policy makers, and actors in the private sector and civil society, as they negotiate the implementation of the Agreement in domestic law and policy.
Download or read book Losing Earth written by Nathaniel Rich and published by Picador. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By 1979, we knew all that we know now about the science of climate change - what was happening, why it was happening, and how to stop it. Over the next ten years, we had the very real opportunity to stop it. Obviously, we failed.Nathaniel Rich's groundbreaking account of that failure - and how tantalizingly close we came to signing binding treaties that would have saved us all before the fossil fuels industry and politicians committed to anti-scientific denialism - is already a journalistic blockbuster, a full issue of the New York Times Magazine that has earned favorable comparisons to Rachel Carson's Silent Spring and John Hersey's Hiroshima. Rich has become an instant, in-demand expert and speaker. A major movie deal is already in place. It is the story, perhaps, that can shift the conversation.In the book Losing Earth, Rich is able to provide more of the context for what did - and didn't - happen in the 1980s and, more important, is able to carry the story fully into the present day and wrestle with what those past failures mean for us in 2019. It is not just an agonizing revelation of historical missed opportunities, but a clear-eyed and eloquent assessment of how we got to now, and what we can and must do before it's truly too late.
Download or read book Gender Development and Climate Change written by Rachel Masika and published by Oxfam. This book was released on 2002 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book considers the gendered dimensions of climate change. It shows how gender analysis has been widely overlooked in debates about climate change and its interactions with poverty and demonstrates its importance for those seeking to understand the impacts of global environmental change on human communities.
Download or read book Alberta Oil and the Decline of Democracy in Canada written by Meenal Shrivastava and published by Athabasca University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Democracy in Alberta: The Theory and Practice of a Quasi-Party System, published in 1953, C. B. Macpherson explored the nature of democracy in a province that was dominated by a single class of producers. At the time, Macpherson was talking about Alberta farmers, but today the province can still be seen as a one-industry economy—the 1947 discovery of oil in Leduc having inaugurated a new era. For all practical purposes, the oil-rich jurisdiction of Alberta also remains a one-party state. Not only has there been little opposition to a government that has been in power for over forty years, but Alberta ranks behind other provinces in terms of voter turnout, while also boasting some of the lowest scores on a variety of social welfare indicators. The contributors to Alberta Oil and the Decline of Democracy critically assess the political peculiarities of Alberta and the impact of the government’s relationship to the oil industry on the lives of the province’s most vulnerable citizens. They also examine the public policy environment and the entrenchment of neoliberal political ideology in the province. In probing the relationship between oil dependency and democracy in the context of an industrialized nation, Alberta Oil and the Decline of Democracy offers a crucial test of the “oil inhibits democracy” thesis that has hitherto been advanced in relation to oil-producing countries in the Global South. If reliance on oil production appears to undermine democratic participation and governance in Alberta, then what does the Alberta case suggest for the future of democracy in industrialized nations such as the United States and Australia, which are now in the process of exploiting their own substantial shale oil reserves? The environmental consequences of oil production have, for example, been the subject of much attention. Little is likely to change, however, if citizens of oil-rich countries cannot effectively intervene to influence government policy.
Download or read book World Development Report 2010 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-11-06 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the crowded field of climate change reports, 'WDR 2010' uniquely: emphasizes development; takes an integrated look at adaptation and mitigation; highlights opportunities in the changing competitive landscape; and proposes policy solutions grounded in analytic work and in the context of the political economy of reform.
Download or read book Climate Change and Water written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Working Group Technical Support Unit and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Technical Paper addresses the issue of freshwater. Sealevel rise is dealt with only insofar as it can lead to impacts on freshwater in coastal areas and beyond. Climate, freshwater, biophysical and socio-economic systems are interconnected in complex ways. Hence, a change in any one of these can induce a change in any other. Freshwater-related issues are critical in determining key regional and sectoral vulnerabilities. Therefore, the relationship between climate change and freshwater resources is of primary concern to human society and also has implications for all living species. -- page vii.
Download or read book The Kyoto Protocol written by Michael Grubb and published by Chatham House (Formerly Riia). This book was released on 1999 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise and authoritative guide to the evolution, terms and implications of the Kyoto Protocol, this book provides an economic and political account of key policy debates and their outcome. It also explains the meaning of provisions on emissions trading and other flexibility mechanisms, and provides a quantitative analysis using the emissions trading model devised by the RIIA's Energy and Environmental Programme.
