Download or read book An Analysis of Military Use of Commercial Satellite Communications written by Benjamin D. Forest and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Gulf War of 1991, United States military satellite communication (SATCOM) bandwidth demand has increased dramatically, as evidenced by recent usage rates in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. The Department of Defense (DOD) has increasingly relied on commercial vendors to meet this demand. With an open-ended Global War on Terror and heavy reliance on bandwidth-intensive operations (such as unmanned aerial vehicle feeds), the demand is projected to continue increasing at huge levels. It is unlikely that reliance on commercial SATCOM will decrease, despite numerous planned military SATCOM assets launching over the next ten years. While commercial SATCOM is essential to most military operations and provides many advantages, its pervasive use also raises concerns related to security, cost, and survivability. This thesis analyzes the balance between Cod use of commercial SATCOM versus military SATCOM. It surveys historical and current military usage of Cod and commercial SATCOM, evaluates current predictions for military use of commercial SATCOM, and describes measures of effectiveness that can be used to evaluate the various SATCOM options. In culmination, this thesis defines what constitutes an appropriate balance of military and commercial SATCOM usage using cost, technical, and policy compliance measures of effectiveness. The measures of effectiveness lead to a recommendation of a more deliberate, less ad hoc use of commercial SATCOM for the vast majority of military SATCOM needs.

Download or read book Military Satellite Communications written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Employing Commercial Satellite Communications written by Tim Bonds and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 2000 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses military use of commercial wideband satellites by evaluating their effectiveness across several characteristics defined by the United States Space Command. The cost of buying or leasing commercial systems is then found and compared with the cost of buying military systems with commercial characteristics.

Download or read book Military Satellite Communications written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book What Will Commercial Satellite Communications Do for the Military After Next written by Gregg E. Petersen and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the eight years from 1995 to 2003, over 890 commercial communications satellites comprising 34 new system constellations will be placed into service orbiting our planet. Many recent studies of the future United States military have identified satellite communications as key to the of the future force. The military's requirement for command and control on the move (C2OTM) and its penchant for often deploying to areas where little or no infrastructure exists further validate this satellite communication requirement. Although the military has its own satellite communications systems in use now and planned for the future, those systems have relatively low throughput and therefore do not satisfy the gross future requirements. As military budgets shrink and military constellations wear out without our ability to replace but a very few justified hardened systems, DoD must acquire the best possible mix of satellite communications support for the warfighter via commercial means. The three keys to military success for the force after next in this dual use area of technology will be: (1) knowledge of our own requirements, (2) knowledge of the technology's limitations, and (3) close cooperation with industry to insure our service specific requirements are met.

Download or read book What Will Commercial Satellite Communications Do for the Military After Next written by Gregg E. Petersen and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the eight years from 1995 to 2003, over 890 commercial communications satellites comprising 34 new system constellations will be placed into service orbiting our planet. Many recent studies of the future United States military have identified satellite communications as key to the of the future force. The military's requirement for command and control on the move (C2OTM) and its penchant for often deploying to areas where little or no infrastructure exists further validate this satellite communication requirement. Although the military has its own satellite communications systems in use now and planned for the future, those systems have relatively low throughput and therefore do not satisfy the gross future requirements. As military budgets shrink and military constellations wear out without our ability to replace but a very few justified hardened systems, DoD must acquire the best possible mix of satellite communications support for the warfighter via commercial means. The three keys to military success for the force after next in this dual use area of technology will be: (1) knowledge of our own requirements, (2) knowledge of the technology's limitations, and (3) close cooperation with industry to insure our service specific requirements are met.

Download or read book Employing Commercial Satellite Communications Wideband Investment Options for the Department of Defense written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Defense (DoD) is considering major investments in systems that exploit information to support warfighting, and communications between users around the globe will be key to transmitting and using this information. In the near term, there are not enough military systems to satisfy projected communications demand and commercial systems will have to be used. In the future, budgetary pressures will make it difficult for the services to satisfy the projected communications demand with dedicated military assets. This report seeks to answer several questions: 1) How much of the projected demand can be met with programmed and planned military assets?; 2) Can commercial technologies, systems, or services meet the remaining needs? How do commercial communication assets compare with military assets in their ability to meet criteria important to DoD? What steps might be taken to mitigate shortfalls?; 3) What is the expected cost of providing the projected communications demand?; and, 4) What investment strategies should DoD employ to minimize the expected cost? The many categories of military communications include everything from battlefield communications between mobile users to communications between fixed sites in rear areas. Some of these communications must be survivable in a nuclear war, and others need high levels of protection from detection, interception, or jamming. Some require verv high data rates, whereas others need only low data rates. Some communications can be by wire or fiber optic cable, whereas others must use wireless means. We have examined a specific category of communications-high bandwidth, minimally protected satellite communications. This category of military demand represents roughly half of the projected military satellite capacity needs. To the extent that use of commercial systems can satisfy this need, military systems can be used for more specialized communications needing a greater level of control over their operation.

Download or read book A Strategic Analysis of Commercial Satellite Communications Enterprises and Their Role for the Warfighter of the Future written by Richard Gonder and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellite communications capabilities is today, and will be in the future, the critical enabler in achieving information dominance needed for Joint Vision 2010. This paper will discuss why this is so by baselining the current communications requirements as well as the emerging requirements of JV2010 and comparing the currently programmed capabilities in the -military satellite communications architecture as defined by the DOD Space Architect and Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Space. After initially setting the baseline, the paper will discuss the ability of the exploding commercial satellite communications market to meet some, if not most of the uniquely military requirements (the pros) as well as the difficulties raised and/or military risk assumed (the cons) in exploiting the commercial offerings. In doing so a dozen or so serious commercial ventures are discussed. The paper also addresses how the DOD should leverage from the commercial systems. The following commercial enterprises are discussed: Transponded and trunked service - Intelsat and the like; Mobile Services - Iridium, Globalstar, Odyssey, ICO; Switched Bandwidth Systems - Spaceway, Astrolink, Cyberstar, Celestri, Teledesic.

Download or read book Military Satellite Communications written by Louis J. Rodrigues and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Analysis of Emerging Commercial Wide Band Satellite System and Their Potential for Military Use written by Tin Hua Lee and published by . This book was released on 1999-03-01 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spurred by the growing need of information transfer around the globe, considerable investment is being made in the private sector to develop and field new commercial SATCOM services. From the military perspective, the exploitation of this commercially developed SATCOM services becomes an attractive augmentation to expensive MILSATCOM programs especially in an era of declining defense dollars. Applications such as battlefield situational awareness, operational planning and execution, weather, telemedicine, operations and maintenance support, tailored intelligence, distance learning, training, morale, welfare and recreation services are areas where emerging commercial wide-band satellite systems such as Teledesic, Skybridge, Cyberstar, Astrolink and Spaceway might offer possible solutions. This thesis analyzes these five commercial satellite systems in terms of their performance measures derived from the seven required characteristics as defined in the Advanced MILSATCOM Capstone Requirement Document Ref. 7. In addition, factors that might account for the commercial viability of these systems are also considered to determine their survivability in this competitive market place. A portion of this thesis has also been devoted to illustrate current MILSATCOM architecture so as to give reader an appreciation of the present capabilities, life spans and the possible future architecture that it might take.

Download or read book Military Satellite Communications DOD Needs to Review Requirements and Strengthen Leasing Practices written by T. Schulz and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past several years, the Congress has been critical of DOD'S management of military satellite communications-a primary concern being high costs. Congressional reports in 1989 and 1990 directed DOD to prepare a comprehensive, affordable architecture that defined all satellite communication requirements and potential solutions to satisfy the requirements. In November 1991, DOD published its military satellite communications architecture study that identified several alternatives for satisfying requirements, including the use of commercial communication satellites. Earlier, in February 1991, the White House had established U.S. commercial space policy guidelines (National Space Policy Directive 3) requiring U.S. government agencies to use commercially available space products and services to the fullest extent feasible. The policy was based on the presumption that potential large economic benefits would result.

Download or read book Military Use of Command SATCOM Benfits Costs and Challenges written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses several aspects of the United States military's use of commercial satellite communications. Although much of the discussion applies to all of the uniformed services, the focus here is on the Department of the Navy which is the largest user of commercial satellite communications resources in the Department of Defense. A diverse set of references is provided for readers interested in further exploration.

Download or read book Military Use of Commercial Satellite Communication Systems written by Mary A. Kaura and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Digital Satellite Communications Systems and Technologies written by A. Nejat Ince and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the space activities of the last three decades satellite communications (SATCOM) has found the widest application in meeting both civil and military communications requirements. Several international, regional and national SATCOM systems of increasing capacity, capability and complexity have been and are being implemented over the years. The latest versions are utilizing such concepts as spot beams, processing transponders in SS-TDMA and operations in different frequency bands including the EHF band. On the military side, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, France and NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) have been the only owners and operators of military SATCOM systems in the West. The systems in being and under development use satellites and ground terminals with characteristics which differ from the civilian ones with respect to frequency bands utilised and survivability and interoperability. The SATCOM has given the military users the potential of having much-needed mobility, flexibility and survivability in strategic and tactical communications for land, sea and air operations. It must, however, be said particularly for the military SATCOM systems that they have been evolved in big jumps, both in time and capability, each jump involving the deployment of two or three often specially designed large satellites, large expenses and rather traumatic transition between jumps. Despite these undesirable features these systems did not have the required degree of suevivability and flexibility.

Download or read book Satellite Communications military civil Roles and Relationships written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Increased Military Reliance on Commercial Communications Satellites Implications for the War Planner written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The October 1993 Department of Defense Report on the Bottom-Up Review called for a greater reliance on commercial satellites for general-purpose military communications. This policy guidance was influenced in part by the Congressionally mandated Commercial Satellite Communications Initiative (CSCI) studies. As the DoD shifts to commercial platforms, what are the corresponding implications for the war planner? Drawing on information available in the public domain, this paper will attempt to determine whether commercial satellites offer new or increased vulnerabilities; and, if so, suggest new perspectives from which future war planners should view both the protection and denial of satellite communications.

Download or read book The Advantages of Commercial Satellites Versus Military Satellites written by Thomas J. Heller and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ever-increasing demand for satellite communications has put a severe strain on the United States military over the past few years, necessitating the Department of Defense (DoD) to lease commercial satellite time in order to meet the U.S. military's increased requirement. During Operation Desert Storm in 1991, the military used 140 bits per second (bps) of satellite bandwidth per deployed person. That amount jumped to nearly 3,000 bps during Operation Noble Anvil, the U.S. component of NATO's Operation Allied Force in Kosovo in 1999. Bandwidth usage jumped again during Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, with bandwidth reaching 8,300 bps per deployed person during the operation, which began in 2001. By the launch of Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2004, the level escalated to 13,800 bps per person, an increase of 9,700 percent throughout the 13-year period. Many U.S. senior military officials are demanding that new U.S. military satellites be developed and launched into orbit in order to meet these high demands. However, the U.S. military should continue to use commercial satellites because of their relatively low cost, availability, and efficiency.