Download or read book An American Vision of Peace in the Middle East written by Richard Welch Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book American Vision of Peace in the Middle East written by R. W. MURPHY and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An American Vision for the Middle East written by Bruce D. Abramson Jd and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle East has long been home to numerous ethnic and religious groups. The stories internal to those groups define the region's dynamics. The dominant group, the Sunni Arabs, has spent the past century torn between an ideological quest for a unified empire and a ruling class that benefits greatly from the existing international order. The key Shiite story is the Khomeinist revolution, which set out to galvanize a religious minority that had traditionally separated clerical from temporal authority into an eschatological theocratic movement. Nearly all of the region's other minorities-Jews, Christians, Kurds, Druze, Alawites, Yazidis, and others-have tiptoed through this minefield seeking either integration or self-determination. Sunni Imperialism, Shiite revolution, minority self-determination, and the interplay among them, provide a coherent narrative explaining the region's history since the fall of the Ottoman Empire a century ago. Where most approaches to the Middle East see a collection of unrelated irreconcilable conflicts and a steady stream of crises, this new narrative ties together many of the region's seminal events, including: - The Arab/Israeli conflict, the "Palestinians," the PLO, and the PA; - The surprising durability of both Saudi Arabia and Israel as American allies; - The Iran/Iraq war, Desert Storm, and post-Saddam Iraq; - Sunni Islamism, the Muslim Brotherhood, Hamas, al Qaeda & ISIS; - The "Arab Spring" and its aftermath; - The Iranian revolution, the Syrian/Iranian allegiance, Hezbollah, and the region's Shiites; - The Yemeni civil war of 1960s and the Lebanese civil war of 1970s & 80s; - Nasser, the United Arab Republic, the Arab League, and pan-Arabism; - OPEC and the strategic split between "Price Hawk" and "Demand Hawk" oil producers. This coherence also provides a guide to American policy. The U.S. should be anti-imperial and anti-revolutionary. The U.S. should promote ethnic self-determination, beginning with safe-havens for each of the various ethnic groups facing dislocation. The U.S. should extoll Israel as the only successful example of ethnic self-determination in the region, help Israel preserve its status as a secure Jewish state, and enlist Israeli support and guidance in ushering the region's other minorities towards statehood. The refugees flowing across the region are harbingers of massive dislocations and population exchanges that will reshape the map. The reconfiguration of the Middle East will emerge as a dominant story of the twenty-first century. The U.S. will not avoid the turmoil; its choices are to nudge it in directions consistent with American interests and values or to react haphazardly to individual crises.

Download or read book Re engaging the Middle East written by Dafna H. Rand and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It's time for new policies based on changing U.S. interests U.S. policy in the Middle East has had very few successes in recent years, so maybe it's time for a different approach. But is the new approach of the Trump administration--military disengagement coupled with unquestioning support for key allies--Israel, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia--the way forward? In this edited volume, noted experts on the region lay out a better long-term strategy for protecting U.S. interests in the Middle East. The authors articulate a vision that is both self-interested and carefully tailored to the unique dynamics of the increasingly divergent sub-regions in the Middle East, including North Africa, the Sunni Arab bloc of Egypt and Persian Gulf states, and the increasingly chaotic Levant. The book argues that the most effective way to pursue and protect U.S. interests is unlikely to involve the same alliance-centric approach that has been the basis of Washington's policy since the 1990s. Instead, the United States should adopt a nimbler and less military-dominant strategy that relies on a diversified set of partners and a determination to establish priorities for American interests and the use of resources, both financial and military. In essence, the book calls for a new post-Obama and post-Trump approach to the region that reflects the fact that U.S. interests are changing and likely will continue to change. The book offers a fresh perspective in advance of the 2020 presidential election.

Download or read book Contending Visions of the Middle East written by Zachary Lockman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition considers how the 'global war on terror' has changed the way the West views the Islamic world.

Download or read book Power Faith and Fantasy written by Michael B. Oren and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2007 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Will shape our thinking about America and the Middle East for years."--Christopher Dickey, Newsweek

Download or read book Re Engaging the Middle East written by Dafna H. Rand and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2020-09-22 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It's time for new policies based on changing U.S. interests U.S. policy in the Middle East has had very few successes in recent years, so maybe it's time for a different approach. But is the new approach of the Trump administration—military disengagement coupled with unquestioning support for key allies--Israel, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia—the way forward? In this edited volume, noted experts on the region lay out a better long-term strategy for protecting U.S. interests in the Middle East. The authors articulate a vision that is both self-interested and carefully tailored to the unique dynamics of the increasingly divergent sub-regions in the Middle East, including North Africa, the Sunni Arab bloc of Egypt and Persian Gulf states, and the increasingly chaotic Levant. The book argues that the most effective way to pursue and protect U.S. interests is unlikely to involve the same alliance-centric approach that has been the basis of Washington's policy since the 1990s. Instead, the United States should adopt a nimbler and less military-dominant strategy that relies on a diversified set of partners and a determination to establish priorities for American interests and the use of resources, both financial and military. In essence, the book calls for a new post-Obama and post-Trump approach to the region that reflects the fact that U.S. interests are changing and likely will continue to change. The book offers a fresh perspective in advance of the 2020 presidential election.

Download or read book Vision or Mirage written by David Rundell and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-09-17 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Clear-eyed and illuminating.' Henry Kissinger, former Secretary of State and National Security Advisor 'A rich, superbly researched, balanced history of the modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.' General David Petraeus, former Commander U.S. Central Command and Director of the Central Intelligence Agency 'Destined to be the best single volume on the Kingdom.' Ambassador Chas Freeman, former U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia and Assistant Secretary of Defense 'Should be prescribed reading for a new generation of political leaders.' Sir Richard Dearlove, former Chief of H.M. Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) and Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge. Something extraordinary is happening in Saudi Arabia. A traditional, tribal society once known for its lack of tolerance is rapidly implementing significant economic and social reforms. An army of foreign consultants is rewriting the social contract, King Salman has cracked down hard on corruption, and his dynamic though inexperienced son, the Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman, is promoting a more tolerant Islam. But is all this a new vision for Saudi Arabia or merely a mirage likely to dissolve into Iranian-style revolution? David Rundell - one of America's foremost experts on Saudi Arabia - explains how the country has been stable for so long, why it is less so today, and what is most likely to happen in the future. The book is based on the author's close contacts and intimate knowledge of the country where he spent 15 years living and working as a diplomat. Vision or Mirage demystifies one of the most powerful, but least understood, states in the Middle East and is essential reading for anyone interested in the power dynamics and politics of the Arab World.

Download or read book Field Notes written by Zachary Lockman and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-30 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field Notes reconstructs the origins and trajectory of area studies in the United States, focusing on Middle East studies from the 1920s to the 1980s. Drawing on extensive archival research, Zachary Lockman shows how the Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Ford foundations played key roles in conceiving, funding, and launching postwar area studies, expecting them to yield a new kind of interdisciplinary knowledge that would advance the social sciences while benefiting government agencies and the American people. Lockman argues, however, that these new academic fields were not simply a product of the Cold War or an instrument of the American national security state, but had roots in shifts in the humanities and the social sciences over the interwar years, as well as in World War II sites and practices. This book explores the decision-making processes and visions of knowledge production at the foundations, the Social Science Research Council, and others charged with guiding the intellectual and institutional development of Middle East studies. Ultimately, Field Notes uncovers how area studies as an academic field was actually built—a process replete with contention, anxiety, dead ends, and consequences both unanticipated and unintended.

Download or read book American Sheikhs written by Brian VanDeMark and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Sheikhs is the story of a great institution—the American University of Beirut (AUB)—and the families who created and fostered it for almost 150 years. Author Brian VanDeMark’s vivid narrative includes not only the colorful history of AUB and many memorable episodes in a family saga, but also larger and more important themes. In the story of the efforts of these two families to build a great school with alternating audacity, arrogance, generosity, paternalism, and vision, the author clearly sees an allegory for the larger history of the United States in the Middle East. Before 1945, AUB’s history is largely positive. Despite American nationalism and presumptions of Manifest Destiny, Middle Easterners generally viewed the school as an engine of constructive change and the United States as a benign force in the region. But in the post-World War II era, with the rise of America as a world power, AUB found itself buffeted by the strong winds of nationalist frustration, Zionism and anti-Zionism, and—eventually—Islamic extremism. Middle Easterners became more ambivalent about America’s purposes and began to see the university not just as a cradle of learning but also as an agent of undesirable Western interests. This story is full of meaning today. By revealing how and why the Blisses and Dodges both succeeded and failed in their attempts to influence the Middle East, VanDeMark shows how America’s outreach to the Middle East can be improved and the vital importance of maintaining good relations between Americans and the Arab world in the new century.

Download or read book American Encounters with Arabs written by William A. Rugh and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2006 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For sixty years, U.S. government officials have conducted public diplomacy programs to try to reach Arab public opinion—to inform, educate, and understand Arab attitudes. American public affairs officers have met serious challenges in the past, but Arab public criticism of the United States has reached unprecedented levels since September 11, 2001. Polls show that much of the negative opinion of the United States, especially in the Middle East, can be traced to dissatisfaction with U.S. foreign policy. Rugh, a retired career Foreign Service officer who twice served as ambassador to countries in the region, explains how U.S. government officials have dealt with key problem issues over the years, and he recommends ways that public diplomacy can better support and enhance U.S. national interests in the Middle East. This struggle for the hearts and minds of the Arab world, so crucial to the success of American efforts in post-occupation Iraq, is carried out through broadcasting, cultural contacts, and educational and professional exchanges. Rugh describes the difference between public diplomacy and propaganda. He points out that public diplomacy uses open means of communication and is truthful. Its four main components are explaining U.S. foreign policy to foreign publics; presenting them with a fair and balanced picture of American society, culture, and institutions; promoting mutual understanding; and advising U.S. policy makers on foreign attitudes. Public diplomacy supports the traditional diplomatic functions of official business between governments. Whereas diplomats from the United States deal with diplomats of foreign governments, public affairs officers deal with opinion leaders such as media editors, reporters, academics, student leaders, and prominent intellectuals and cultural personalities. Rugh provides an up-close-and-personal look at how public affairs officers do their jobs, how they used innovation in their efforts to meet the challenges of the past, and how they continue to do so in the post-September 11 era.

Download or read book Twin Pillars to Desert Storm written by Howard Teicher and published by William Morrow. This book was released on 1993 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an insider's account of America's policy in the Middle East over the past 20 years, a former member of the National Security Council shows why America's reliance on regional powers to protect U.S. interests in the Middle East from 1972 through 1991 led directly to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and Operation Desert Storm.C.

Download or read book The United States and the Middle East written by American Assembly and published by The American Assembly. This book was released on 1964 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As background reading for the twenty-fourth American Assembly.

Download or read book America s War for the Greater Middle East written by Andrew J. Bacevich and published by Random House. This book was released on 2016-04-05 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LONGLISTED FOR THE NATIONAL BOOK AWARD • A searing reassessment of U.S. military policy in the Middle East over the past four decades from retired army colonel and New York Times bestselling author Andrew J. Bacevich From the end of World War II until 1980, virtually no American soldiers were killed in action while serving in the Greater Middle East. Since 1990, virtually no American soldiers have been killed in action anywhere else. What caused this shift? Andrew J. Bacevich, one of the country’s most respected voices on foreign affairs, offers an incisive critical history of this ongoing military enterprise—now more than thirty years old and with no end in sight. During the 1980s, Bacevich argues, a great transition occurred. As the Cold War wound down, the United States initiated a new conflict—a War for the Greater Middle East—that continues to the present day. The long twilight struggle with the Soviet Union had involved only occasional and sporadic fighting. But as this new war unfolded, hostilities became persistent. From the Balkans and East Africa to the Persian Gulf and Central Asia, U.S. forces embarked upon a seemingly endless series of campaigns across the Islamic world. Few achieved anything remotely like conclusive success. Instead, actions undertaken with expectations of promoting peace and stability produced just the opposite. As a consequence, phrases like “permanent war” and “open-ended war” have become part of everyday discourse. Connecting the dots in a way no other historian has done before, Bacevich weaves a compelling narrative out of episodes as varied as the Beirut bombing of 1983, the Mogadishu firefight of 1993, the invasion of Iraq in 2003, and the rise of ISIS in the present decade. Understanding what America’s costly military exertions have wrought requires seeing these seemingly discrete events as parts of a single war. It also requires identifying the errors of judgment made by political leaders in both parties and by senior military officers who share responsibility for what has become a monumental march to folly. This Bacevich unflinchingly does. A twenty-year army veteran who served in Vietnam, Andrew J. Bacevich brings the full weight of his expertise to this vitally important subject. America’s War for the Greater Middle East is a bracing after-action report from the front lines of history. It will fundamentally change the way we view America’s engagement in the world’s most volatile region. Praise for America’s War for the Greater Middle East “Bacevich is thought-provoking, profane and fearless. . . . [His] call for Americans to rethink their nation’s militarized approach to the Middle East is incisive, urgent and essential.”—The New York Times Book Review “Bacevich’s magnum opus . . . a deft and rhythmic polemic aimed at America’s failures in the Middle East from the end of Jimmy Carter’s presidency to the present.”—Robert D. Kaplan, The Wall Street Journal “A critical review of American policy and military involvement . . . Those familiar with Bacevich’s work will recognize the clarity of expression, the devastating directness and the coruscating wit that characterize the writing of one of the most articulate and incisive living critics of American foreign policy.”—The Washington Post “[A] monumental new work.”—The Huffington Post “An unparalleled historical tour de force certain to affect the formation of future U.S. foreign policy.”—Lieutenant General Paul K. Van Riper, U.S. Marine Corps (Ret.)

Download or read book Quagmire written by Leon T. Hadar and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 1992 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proposal for peace in the Middle East by a former Israeli journalist.

Download or read book From Resilience to Revolution written by Sean L. Yom and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on comparative historical analyses of Iran, Jordan, and Kuwait, Sean L. Yom examines the foreign interventions, coalitional choices, and state outcomes that made the political regimes of the modern Middle East. A key text for foreign policy scholars, From Resilience to Revolution shows how outside interference can corrupt the most basic choices of governance: who to reward, who to punish, who to compensate, and who to manipulate. As colonial rule dissolved in the 1930s and 1950s, Middle Eastern autocrats constructed new political states to solidify their reigns, with varying results. Why did equally ambitious authoritarians meet such unequal fates? Yom ties the durability of Middle Eastern regimes to their geopolitical origins. At the dawn of the postcolonial era, many autocratic states had little support from their people and struggled to overcome widespread opposition. When foreign powers intervened to bolster these regimes, they unwittingly sabotaged the prospects for long-term stability by discouraging leaders from reaching out to their people and bargaining for mass support—early coalitional decisions that created repressive institutions and planted the seeds for future unrest. Only when they were secluded from larger geopolitical machinations did Middle Eastern regimes come to grips with their weaknesses and build broader coalitions.

Download or read book An American Vision written by Edward H. Crane and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 1989 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: