Download or read book An Algorithm for the Simultaneous Reconstruction of the Radionuclide Activity Distribution and Attenuation Map Based on PET Scatter Data written by Geng Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attenuation correction is required for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Traditional attenuation correction methods use a transmission scan, such as a computerized tomography (CT) or an external radionuclide source scan. The transmission scan contaminates the emission data of PET if the transmission scan is performed during the PET scan. When the transmission scan is performed separately, artifacts can be introduced due to patient movement. In addition, the conversion of the CT image to an attenuation map at PET energy and the smaller field-of-view (FOV) of a transmission scan cause other artifacts. For PET/MR systems, detector compatibility issues for traditional PET scanners along with image truncation and patient movements also introduce artifacts. Therefore a transmission-less attenuation correction approach is needed. Previous studies using true coincidence data to simultaneously reconstruct the attenuation map and radionuclide activity distribution suffer from the cross-talk between the distributions. In this study, the scatter data of PET was used to reconstruct the electron density distribution as a representation of the attenuation map. A simultaneous reconstruction of the activity and electron density distributions were developed. Reconstruction results have shown that the contrast recovery coefficients of the region of interests were comparable to the reconstructions using a known attenuation map.
Download or read book Grainger Allison s Diagnostic Radiology E Book written by Andy Adam and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 2565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long recognized as the standard general reference in the field, this completely revised edition of Grainger and Allison?s Diagnostic Radiology provides all the information that a trainee needs to master to successfully take their professional certification examinations as well as providing the practicing radiologist with a refresher on topics that may have been forgotten. Organized along an organ and systems basis, this resource covers all diagnostic imaging modalities in an integrated, correlative fashion and focuses on those topics that really matter to a trainee radiologist in the initial years of training. "...the latest edition ... continues the fine tradition set by its predecessors.... help young radiologists to prepare for their examinations and continue to be a source of information to be dipped in and out of ... senior radiologists will also find the book useful ..." Reviewed by: RAD Magazine March 2015 "I am sure the current edition will be successful and help young radiologists to prepare for their examinations and continue to be a source of information to be dipped in and out of..." Reviewed by RAD Magazine, March 2015 Master the field and prepare for certification or recertification with a succinct, comprehensive account of the entire spectrum of imaging modalities and their clinical applications. Effectively apply the latest techniques and approaches with complete updates throughout including 4 new sections (Abdominal Imaging, The Spine, Oncological Imaging, and Interventional Radiology) and 28 brand new chapters. Gain the fresh perspective of two new editors—Jonathan Gillard and Cornelia Schaefer-Prokop -- eight new section editors -- Michael Maher, Andrew Grainger, Philip O’Connor, Rolf Jager, Vicky Goh, Catherine Owens, Anna Maria Belli, Michael Lee -- and 135 new contributors. Stay current with the latest developments in imaging techniques such as CT, MR, ultrasound, and coverage of hot topics such as: Image guided biopsy and ablation techniques and Functional and molecular imaging. Solve even your toughest diagnostic challenges with guidance from nearly 4,000 outstanding illustrations. Quickly grasp the fundamentals you need to know through a more concise, streamlined format. Access the full text online at Expert Consult.
Download or read book New Trends in Parameter Identification for Mathematical Models written by Bernd Hofmann and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Proceedings volume contains 16 contributions to the IMPA conference “New Trends in Parameter Identification for Mathematical Models”, Rio de Janeiro, Oct 30 – Nov 3, 2017, integrating the “Chemnitz Symposium on Inverse Problems on Tour”. This conference is part of the “Thematic Program on Parameter Identification in Mathematical Models” organized at IMPA in October and November 2017. One goal is to foster the scientific collaboration between mathematicians and engineers from the Brazialian, European and Asian communities. Main topics are iterative and variational regularization methods in Hilbert and Banach spaces for the stable approximate solution of ill-posed inverse problems, novel methods for parameter identification in partial differential equations, problems of tomography , solution of coupled conduction-radiation problems at high temperatures, and the statistical solution of inverse problems with applications in physics.
Download or read book Quantitative Nuclear Medicine Imaging written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication reviews the current state of the art of image quantification and provides a solid background of tools and methods to medical physicists and other related professionals who are faced with quantification of radionuclide distribution in clinical practice. It describes and analyses the physical effects that degrade image quality and affect the accuracy of quantification, and describes methods to compensate for them in planar, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) images.
Download or read book Medical Imaging Systems written by Andreas Maier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-02 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book gives a complete and comprehensive introduction to the fields of medical imaging systems, as designed for a broad range of applications. The authors of the book first explain the foundations of system theory and image processing, before highlighting several modalities in a dedicated chapter. The initial focus is on modalities that are closely related to traditional camera systems such as endoscopy and microscopy. This is followed by more complex image formation processes: magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray projection imaging, computed tomography, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, nuclear imaging, ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography.
Download or read book Clinical PET and PET CT written by H. Jadvar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-20 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical manual covering the full spectrum of PET and PET/CT imaging, now in common clinical practice, this book includes images of normal variants, artifacts, and pathologic conditions. Indications for and the relative clinical value of PET in the armamentarium of diagnostic medical imaging are reviewed. The information in the book is organized to be brief, concise, easy-to-understand and readily accessed. This book is intended for all health practitioners who need a concise reference and review of PET imaging indications, protocols and clinical applications. It will be useful to radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians, and clinicians who refer their patients to PET Centers for diagnostic imaging, including neurologists, neurosurgeons, psychiatrists, cardiologists, internists, and oncologists. Radiologic and nuclear medicine technologists, and physicians in training will also benefit from this work.
Download or read book Cardiac SPECT Imaging written by E. Gordon DePuey and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2001 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiac SPECT Imaging, Second Edition offers the best of all possible worlds--a critical topic, internationally recognized authors and cutting-edge coverage. It guides you through all aspects of the modality--from basic principles (acquiring and processing images, quality control)...and clinical applications (evaluating myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease)...to the very latest equipment. It even compares SPECT with other modalities (PET, CT, MRI, and echocardiography) to ensure smart, cost-effective decisions by both the cardiologist and nuclear medicine physician.Look for new chapters on attenuation correction, gated perfusion SPECT, radiopharmaceuticals, and myocardial perfusion SPECT, as well as the very latest on myocardial perfusion SPECT in conjunction with exercise and pharmacologic stress, assessment of perfusion/viability with Tc-99m agents, how SPECT compares with other advanced cardiac imaging modalities, and more!
Download or read book Hybrid Cardiac Imaging written by Stephan G. Nekolla and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This clinically oriented book provides an up-to-date review on the various hybrid imaging modalities that may be employed for the purpose of cardiac imaging. After discussion of generic aspects of hybrid imaging, SPECT/CT, PET/CT, and PET/MRI are each considered in depth. In addition, information is provided on upcoming technologies, such as dedicated so-called fast cardiac cameras (CZT detector technology) and novel probes and radiotracers. A wide variety of topics are addressed, including important technological aspects, possible applications, imaging protocols, peculiarities of the available modalities, radiation exposure, and dose reduction. Last but not least, an estimation of the cost efficiency of dedicated and hybrid imaging devices in cardiology is provided and possible scenarios with respect to health care economics are envisioned. Hybrid Cardiac Imaging will be of particular value for nuclear medicine specialists, cardiologists, and radiologists and will also be of interest to medical physicists, medical technicians, and cardiothoracic surgeons. .
Download or read book Nuclear Oncology written by H. William Strauss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-27 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with a comprehensive understanding of both the basic principles and the clinical applications of nuclear oncology imaging techniques. The authors have assembled a distinguished group of leaders in the field who provide valuable insight on the subject. The book also includes major chapters on the cancer patient and the pathophysiology of abnormal tissue, the evaluation of co-existing disease, and the diagnosis and therapy of specific tumors using functional imaging studies. Each chapter is heavily illustrated to assist the reader in understanding the clinical role of nuclear oncology in cancer disease therapy and management.
Download or read book Perspectives on Nuclear Medicine for Molecular Diagnosis and Integrated Therapy written by Yuji Kuge and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-02 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is devoted to understanding the recent advances in nuclear medicine and molecular imaging technologies along with their application to integrated medical therapy and future drug development. This anthology is based on the international symposium in 2015 entitled “Perspective on Nuclear Medicine for Molecular Diagnosis and Integrated Therapy. “The symposium provided an opportunity to exchange ideas on how to promote nuclear medicine technology and how to extend the technology to medical therapy and drug development, and was also a good opportunity to discuss the future perspective of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging by worldwide leaders in the field. Molecular imaging technologies have been rapidly developed worldwide in recent years. Among those developments, nuclear medicine has come to play an important role in quantitative analysis of biological process in vivo as well as in wide clinical use. With the current progress of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, this modality has been applied for treatment monitoring and predicting its outcome with the use of optimal imaging biomarkers and suitable quantitative analysis. Truly, a new era has arrived with clinical use of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging for personalized medicine. This volume will benefit a wide variety of researchers in life science including those working in drug development, molecular imaging, and medical therapy as well as physicians who utilize diagnostic imaging.
Download or read book PET MRI in Oncology written by Andrei Iagaru and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-23 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, experts from premier institutions across the world with extensive experience in the field clearly and succinctly describe the current and anticipated uses of PET/MRI in oncology. The book also includes detailed presentations of the MRI and PET technologies as they apply to the combined PET/MRI scanners. The applications of PET/MRI in a wide range of oncological settings are well documented, highlighting characteristic findings, advantages of this dual-modality technique, and pitfalls. Whole-body PET/MRI applications and pediatric oncology are discussed separately. In addition, information is provided on PET technology designs and MR hardware for PET/MRI, MR pulse sequences and contrast agents, attenuation and motion correction, the reliability of standardized uptake value measurements, and safety considerations. The balanced presentation of clinical topics and technical aspects will ensure that the book is of wide appeal. It will serve as a reference for specialists in nuclear medicine and radiology and oncologists and will also be of interest for residents in these fields and technologists.
Download or read book Nuclear Medicine Physics written by Dale L. Bailey and published by . This book was released on 2015-03-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides the basis for the education of medical physicists initiating their university studies in the field of nuclear medicine. The handbook includes 20 chapters and covers topics relevant to nuclear medicine physics, including basic physics for nuclear medicine, radionuclide production, imaging and non-imaging detectors, quantitative nuclear medicine, internal dosimetry in clinical practice and radionuclide therapy. It provides, in the form of a syllabus, a comprehensive overview of the basic medical physics knowledge required for the practice of medical physics in modern nuclear medicine.
Download or read book Emission Tomography written by Miles N. Wernick and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-12-07 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PET and SPECT are two of today’s most important medical-imaging methods, providing images that reveal subtle information about physiological processes in humans and animals. Emission Tomography: The Fundamentals of PET and SPECT explains the physics and engineering principles of these important functional-imaging methods. The technology of emission tomography is covered in detail, including historical origins, scientific and mathematical foundations, imaging systems and their components, image reconstruction and analysis, simulation techniques, and clinical and laboratory applications. The book describes the state of the art of emission tomography, including all facets of conventional SPECT and PET, as well as contemporary topics such as iterative image reconstruction, small-animal imaging, and PET/CT systems. This book is intended as a textbook and reference resource for graduate students, researchers, medical physicists, biomedical engineers, and professional engineers and physicists in the medical-imaging industry. Thorough tutorials of fundamental and advanced topics are presented by dozens of the leading researchers in PET and SPECT. SPECT has long been a mainstay of clinical imaging, and PET is now one of the world’s fastest growing medical imaging techniques, owing to its dramatic contributions to cancer imaging and other applications. Emission Tomography: The Fundamentals of PET and SPECT is an essential resource for understanding the technology of SPECT and PET, the most widely used forms of molecular imaging. *Contains thorough tutorial treatments, coupled with coverage of advanced topics *Three of the four holders of the prestigious Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medical Imaging Scientist Award are chapter contributors *Include color artwork
Download or read book Improved PET Image Reconstruction Using Machine Learning Techniques written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In static PET activity imaging and dynamic parametric imaging, maximum a posteriori (MAP) or penalized maximum likelihood reconstruction (ML) algorithms have been proposed to incorporate a regularizer for suppressing the image noise during the reconstruction process. A quadratic regularizer allowing pairwise interaction among neighboring voxels reduces noise at the cost of over smoothing the edges and fine features. Mathematical model based edge preserving regularizers, e.g. the Green roughness (GR) and the total variation (TV) regularizers may not distinguish true edges from noise in practice. We propose to use a superior denoiser, dictionary learning based sparse representation that can efficiently distinguish true features from noise, to regularize the static MAP and dynamic penalized direct reconstructions. The regularization term is formed as the residual of the denoising process, which encourages self-consistency with the denoised version in the updated activity or parametric image. Using simulated and patient static brain PET data, we study the performance of the static DL-MAP algorithm and compare it quantitatively with GR-MAP, patch-based GR-MAP, and TV-MAP algorithms. The proposed DL-MAP algorithm achieves improved bias and contrast at comparable noise compared with the other MAP algorithms. To study the proposed DL direct parametric reconstruction algorithm and evaluate its performance, we stimulate 82Rb dynamic myocardial perfusion (MP) PET data. The advantage of the DL direct algorithm is demonstrated in terms of noise versus bias tradeoff and noise versus contrast tradeoff in the reconstructed K1 images compared with the indirect method with and without post filtering, the direct method without regularization, and the quadratic penalty regularized direct algorithm. Consistent results are achieved when reconstructing patient 82Rb MP PET data. It is worth noting that the dictionary learned from a 3D self-created hollow sphere image yields comparable reconstructed PET images or parametric images to those using the dictionary learned from the corresponding MR images. We demonstrate that the DL-MAP static reconstruction and the DL constrained dynamic direct reconstruction are not restricted to the MR dictionary and have the potential to improve quantitative PET imaging especially when the corresponding MR image is not available. To further improve the performance of general MAP algorithms such that the "unachievable region" defined in the noise/bias plane for a certain MAP is reduced, we propose to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) based MAP reconstruction enhancement scheme. The enhancement is cast as a regression problem that models a nonlinear and spatial varying mapping between the reconstructed image patches and an enhanced image patch. An ANN model named denoising autoencoder (DA) with backpropagation is used to solve this regression through learning from examples. We simulate the brain PET data at different count levels of different subjects with and without lesions. The DA is trained using the image patches reconstructed with a MAP algorithm of different regularization parameters for one normal subject at a certain count level. The performance of the trained DA is evaluated to process reconstructed images from other simulations and two patient brain PET imaging datasets. In every testing case, we demonstrate that the DA enhancement technique improves the noise and bias tradeoff compared with the MAP reconstruction using different regularizing weights thus decreasing the size of the unachievalbe region in the noise/bias plane. In addition to the development of the DL penalized direct parametric reconstruction for dynamic PET imaging, we propose to use the DA denoising approach to improve the indirect parametric reconstruction in dynamic SV2A PET imaging with reduced dose of 11C-UCB-J. Due to high brain uptake, injecting standard-dose of 11C-UCB-J results in high quality dynamic frames. Using the DA denoising technique, we explore the possibility of a substantially reduced radioactivity does to produce comparable dynamic frames. The DA network is trained to form a nonlinear mapping from image patches in the reduced-dose dynamic frames to the corresponding patches in the standard-dose dynamic frames of one healthy control (HC) subject. The trained DA model is then applied to denoise the reduced-dose dynamic frames of other two HCs and two Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Voxel-wise kinetic analysis is performed to generate parametric images from the dynamic frames pre and post DA denoising. The proposed DA denoising method suppresses noise without introducing bias in the dynamic frames as well as the parametric images. Achieving noise reductions of approximately 40% in the dynamic frames of different HCs and AD patients, the DA denoising method demonstrates the potential of equivalently increasing the injection dose by 3 fold for the dynamic SV2A PET imaging. Overall, the developed machine learning techniques as verified to static and dynamic MAP reconstructions are promising for improving quantitative PET imaging.
Download or read book Cardiovascular PET Current Concepts written by Gary V. Heller and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2018-12-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State-of-the-art coverage of Cardiovascular PET This innovative text provides readers with in-depth clinical updates on every aspect of Cardiovascular PET. With coverage that spans everything from instrumentation to clinical procedures, the intent and focus of the book is provide readers with the very latest, most reliable data in this rapidly expanding area. Essential for anyone preparing for the Nuclear Cardiology boards, Cardiovascular PET: Current Concepts in logically divided into six section: Technical Developments in PET, New Developments in Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with Cardiac PET, New Developments in Viability Assessment with Cardiac PET, Current Status of Assessment Cardiac Sarcold with FDG Imaging, Infection and Vascular Inflammation Imaging, and New Tracers in Cardiovascular PET.
Download or read book Molecular Imaging written by Shankar Vallabhajosula and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-13 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioisotope-based molecular imaging probes provide unprecedented insight into biochemistry and function involved in both normal and disease states of living systems, with unbiased in vivo measurement of regional radiotracer activities offering very high specificity and sensitivity. No other molecular imaging technology including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can provide such high sensitivity and specificity at a tracer level. The applications of this technology can be very broad ranging from drug development, pharmacokinetics, clinical investigations, and finally to routine diagnostics in radiology. The design and the development of radiopharmaceuticals for molecular imaging studies using PET/MicroPET or SPECT/MicroSPECT are a unique challenge. This book is intended for a broad audience and written with the main purpose of educating the reader on various aspects including potential clinical utility, limitations of drug development, and regulatory compliance and approvals.
Download or read book 99mTc Sestamibi written by Jan Bucerius and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 99mTc-sestamibi is a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radiotracer that is widely used for the imaging of myocardial perfusion, as well as a variety of malignant and benign diseases. 99mTc-Sestamibi – Clinical Applications provides a detailed and informative overview of almost all the oncologic and non-oncologic applications of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT, including several relatively rare indications. Different disease-related protocols for 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT are presented, and for each disease a comprehensive summary of the relevant pathology and epidemiology is provided. Throughout, there is a strong emphasis on the practical aspects of use of this popular tracer, including instructions for the preparation of several commercially available tracer kits. Clinical practitioners will find this book to be an invaluable guide to the application and benefits of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in both the inpatient and the outpatient setting.
