Download or read book An Algorithm for Image Data Compression Based on Vector Quantization written by Sanjay Mishra and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vector Quantization and Signal Compression written by Allen Gersho and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-11-30 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Herb Caen, a popular columnist for the San Francisco Chronicle, recently quoted a Voice of America press release as saying that it was reorganizing in order to "eliminate duplication and redundancy. " This quote both states a goal of data compression and illustrates its common need: the removal of duplication (or redundancy) can provide a more efficient representation of data and the quoted phrase is itself a candidate for such surgery. Not only can the number of words in the quote be reduced without losing informa tion, but the statement would actually be enhanced by such compression since it will no longer exemplify the wrong that the policy is supposed to correct. Here compression can streamline the phrase and minimize the em barassment while improving the English style. Compression in general is intended to provide efficient representations of data while preserving the essential information contained in the data. This book is devoted to the theory and practice of signal compression, i. e. , data compression applied to signals such as speech, audio, images, and video signals (excluding other data types such as financial data or general purpose computer data). The emphasis is on the conversion of analog waveforms into efficient digital representations and on the compression of digital information into the fewest possible bits. Both operations should yield the highest possible reconstruction fidelity subject to constraints on the bit rate and implementation complexity.
Download or read book An Iteratively Interpolative Vector Quantization Algorithm for Color Image Data Compression written by James Melvin Crissey and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2021 written by Aboul Ella Hassanien and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-08 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceeding book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics (AISI 2021), which took place in Cairo, Egypt, during December 11-13, 2021, and is an international interdisciplinary conference that presents a spectrum of scientific research on all aspects of informatics and intelligent systems, technologies, and applications.
Download or read book Application of Image Data Compression Using Vector Quantization written by Walid Philip Karam and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nature inspired Metaheuristic Algorithms written by Xin-She Yang and published by Luniver Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern metaheuristic algorithms such as bee algorithms and harmony search start to demonstrate their power in dealing with tough optimization problems and even NP-hard problems. This book reviews and introduces the state-of-the-art nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms in optimization, including genetic algorithms, bee algorithms, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing, ant colony optimization, harmony search, and firefly algorithms. We also briefly introduce the photosynthetic algorithm, the enzyme algorithm, and Tabu search. Worked examples with implementation have been used to show how each algorithm works. This book is thus an ideal textbook for an undergraduate and/or graduate course. As some of the algorithms such as the harmony search and firefly algorithms are at the forefront of current research, this book can also serve as a reference book for researchers.
Download or read book Perceptually Based Image Data Compression Using Vector Quantization written by James Alan Butkovic and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Digital Image Compression Techniques written by Majid Rabbani and published by SPIE Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to utilize digital images effectively, specific techniques are needed to reduce the number of bits required for their representation. This Tutorial Text provides the groundwork for understanding these image compression tecniques and presents a number of different schemes that have proven useful. The algorithms discussed in this book are concerned mainly with the compression of still-frame, continuous-tone, monochrome and color images, but some of the techniques, such as arithmetic coding, have found widespread use in the compression of bilevel images. Both lossless (bit-preserving) and lossy techniques are considered. A detailed description of the compression algorithm proposed as the world standard (the JPEG baseline algorithm) is provided. The book contains approximately 30 pages of reconstructed and error images illustrating the effect of each compression technique on a consistent image set, thus allowing for a direct comparison of bit rates and reconstucted image quality. For each algorithm, issues such as quality vs. bit rate, implementation complexity, and susceptibility to channel errors are considered.
Download or read book Real Time Aggressive Image Data Compression written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the proposed research is to develop reliable algorithms that can achieve aggressive image data compression (with a compression ratio of 60 times or more) for real-time implementation. Typical applications of such algorithms include terrestrial HDTV broadcasting, space communications, and handling and disposing of toxic materials and nuclear wastes with remotely controlled robots. The state-of-the-art techniques are hampered by serious technical barriers of codebook design complexity. The proposed approach is built on a vector quantization (VQ) algorithm recently developed by the PI. The codebook design complexity of this VQ algorithm is only linearly proportional to the codebook size (significantly less than conventional algorithms) and the encoding complexity is independent of codebook size. Highlighting the proposed approach is a piecewise-linear transform preceding VQ based on the concept of entropy partitioning. The novelty of the proposed algorithm is due to the following: (1) introduction of a piecewise-linear transform to VQ so as to retain more input information: (2) exploiting both inter-block and intra-block redundancy, (3) use of parallel distributed network for real-time codebook design. The proposed research is significant as (1) it addresses the imminent demands of solving the aforementioned real-world problems; (2) its accomplishment will alleviate the serious complexity barrier of conventional VQ algorithms; (3) it pushes forward the technical frontiers of data compression.
Download or read book Image Segmentation and Compression Using Hidden Markov Models written by Jia Li and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the current age of information technology, the issues of distributing and utilizing images efficiently and effectively are of substantial concern. Solutions to many of the problems arising from these issues are provided by techniques of image processing, among which segmentation and compression are topics of this book. Image segmentation is a process for dividing an image into its constituent parts. For block-based segmentation using statistical classification, an image is divided into blocks and a feature vector is formed for each block by grouping statistics of its pixel intensities. Conventional block-based segmentation algorithms classify each block separately, assuming independence of feature vectors. Image Segmentation and Compression Using Hidden Markov Models presents a new algorithm that models the statistical dependence among image blocks by two dimensional hidden Markov models (HMMs). Formulas for estimating the model according to the maximum likelihood criterion are derived from the EM algorithm. To segment an image, optimal classes are searched jointly for all the blocks by the maximum a posteriori (MAP) rule. The 2-D HMM is extended to multiresolution so that more context information is exploited in classification and fast progressive segmentation schemes can be formed naturally. The second issue addressed in the book is the design of joint compression and classification systems using the 2-D HMM and vector quantization. A classifier designed with the side goal of good compression often outperforms one aimed solely at classification because overfitting to training data is suppressed by vector quantization. Image Segmentation and Compression Using Hidden Markov Models is an essential reference source for researchers and engineers working in statistical signal processing or image processing, especially those who are interested in hidden Markov models. It is also of value to those working on statistical modeling.
Download or read book An Algorithm for Image Compression Using Differential Vector Quantization written by James Edwin Fowler and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structured Vector Quantizers in Image Coding written by Manijeh Khataie and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image data compression is concerned with the minimization of the volume of data used to represent an image. In recent years, image compression algorithms using Vector Quantization (VQ) have been receiving considerable attention. Unstructured vector quantizers, i.e., those with no restriction on the geometrical structure of the codebook, suffer from two basic drawbacks, viz., the codebook search complexity and the large storage requirement. This explains the interest in the structured VQ schemes, such as lattice-based VQ and multi-stage VQ. The objective of this thesis is to devise techniques to reduce the complexity of vector quantizers. In order to reduce the codebook search complexity and memory requirement, a universal Gaussian codebook in a residual VQ or a lattice-based VQ is used. To achieve a better performance, a part of work has been done in the frequency domain. Specifically, in order to retain the high-frequency coefficients in transform coding, two methods are suggested. One is developed for moderate to high rate data compression while the other is effective for low to moderate data rate. In the first part of this thesis, a residual VQ using a low rate optimal VQ in the first-stage and a Gaussian codebook in the other stages are introduced. From rate distortion theory, for most memoryless sources and many Gaussian sources with memory, the quantization error under MSE criterion, for small distortion, is memoryless and Gaussian. For VQ with a realistic rate, the error signal has a non-Gaussian distribution. It is shown that the distribution of locally normalized error signals, however, becomes close to a Gaussian distribution. In the second part, a new two-stage quantizer is proposed. The function of the first stage is to encode the more important low-pass components of the image and that of the second is to do the same for the high-frequency components ignored in the first stage. In one scheme, a high-rate lattice-based vector quantizer is used as the quantizer for both stages. In another scheme, the standard JPEG with a low rate is used as the quantizer of the first stage, and a lattice-based VQ is used for the second stage. The resulting bit rate of the two-stage lattice-based VQ in either scheme is found to be considerably better than that of JPEG for moderate to high bit rates. In the third part of the thesis, a method to retain the high-frequency coefficients is proposed by using a relatively huge codebook obtained by truncating the lattices with a large radius. As a result, a large number of points fall inside the boundary of the codebook, and thus, the images are encoded with high quality and low complexity: To reduce the bit rate, a shorter representation is assigned to the more frequently used lattice points. To index the large number of lattice points which fall inside the boundary, two methods that are based on grouping of the lattice points according to their frequencies of occurrence are proposed. For most of the test images, the proposed methods of retaining high-frequency coefficients is found to outperform JPEG.
Download or read book Introduction to Data Compression written by Khalid Sayood and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Khalid Sayood provides an extensive introduction to the theory underlying today's compression techniques with detailed instruction for their applications using several examples to explain the concepts. Encompassing the entire field of data compression Introduction to Data Compression, includes lossless and lossy compression, Huffman coding, arithmetic coding, dictionary techniques, context based compression, scalar and vector quantization. Khalid Sayood provides a working knowledge of data compression, giving the reader the tools to develop a complete and concise compression package upon completion of his book."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Advances in Cryptology written by Thomas Beth and published by Springer. This book was released on 1985-12-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recursive Block Coding for Image Data Compression written by Paul M. Farrelle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recursive Block Coding, a new image data compression technique that has its roots in noncausal models for 1d and 2d signals, is the subject of this book. The underlying theory provides a multitude of compression algorithms that encompass two course coding, quad tree coding, hybrid coding and so on. Since the noncausal models provide a fundamentally different image representation, they lead to new approaches to many existing algorithms, including useful approaches for asymmetric, progressive, and adaptive coding techniques. On the theoretical front, the basic result shows that a random field (an ensemble of images) can be coded block by block such that the interblock redundancy can be completely removed while the individual blocks are transform coded. On the practical side, the artifact of tiling, a block boundary effect, present in conventional block by block transform coding techniques has been greatly suppressed. This book contains not only a theoretical discussion of the algorithms but also exhaustive simulation and suggested methodologies for ensemble design techniques. Each of the resulting algorithms has been applied to twelve images over a wide range of image data rates and the results are reported using subjective descriptions, photographs, mathematical MSE values, and h-plots, a recently proposed graphical representation showing a high level of agreement with image quality as judged subjectively.
Download or read book Image and Video Compression written by Madhuri A. Joshi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-11-17 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image and video signals require large transmission bandwidth and storage, leading to high costs. The data must be compressed without a loss or with a small loss of quality. Thus, efficient image and video compression algorithms play a significant role in the storage and transmission of data.Image and Video Compression: Fundamentals, Techniques, and
Download or read book Vector Quantization for Image Compression written by Jianhua Lin and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
