Download or read book McCarthyism written by Jonathan Michaels and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origins of red scare anti-Communism -- The big red scare -- The new deal -- The red scare begins -- Red scare at full tide -- Culture wars

Download or read book Nightmare in Red written by Richard M. Fried and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1990-01-25 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to newspaper headlines and television pundits, the cold war ended many months ago; the age of Big Two confrontation is over. But forty years ago, Americans were experiencing the beginnings of another era--of the fevered anti-communism that came to be known as McCarthyism. During this period, the Cincinnati Reds felt compelled to rename themselves briefly the "Redlegs" to avoid confusion with the other reds, and one citizen in Indiana campaigned to have The Adventures of Robin Hood removed from library shelves because the story's subversive message encouraged robbing from the rich and giving to the poor. These developments grew out of a far-reaching anxiety over communism that characterized the McCarthy Era. Richard Fried's Nightmare in Red offers a riveting and comprehensive account of this crucial time. He traces the second Red Scare's antecedents back to the 1930s, and presents an engaging narrative about the many different people who became involved in the drama of the anti-communist fervor, from the New Deal era and World War II, through the early years of the cold war, to the peak of McCarthyism, and beyond McCarthy's censure to the decline of the House Committee on Un-American Activities in the 1960s. Along the way, we meet the familiar figures of the period--Presidents Roosevelt, Truman, and Eisenhower, the young Richard Nixon, and, of course, the Wisconsin Senator Joseph R. McCarthy. But more importantly, Fried reveals the wholesale effect of McCarthyism on the lives of thousands of ordinary people, from teachers and lawyers to college students, factory workers, and janitors. Together with coverage of such famous incidents as the ordeal of the Hollywood Ten (which led to the entertainment world's notorious blacklist) and the Alger Hiss case, Fried also portrays a wealth of little-known but telling episodes involving victims and victimizers of anti-communist politics at the state and local levels. Providing the most complete history of the rise and fall of the phenomenon known as McCarthyism, Nightmare in Red shows that it involved far more than just Joe McCarthy.

Download or read book American Anti Communism and the Rise of McCarthyism written by Jake Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the conclusion of the Second World War, the global balance of power had shifted away from historically powerful European nations like France and the United Kingdom to one in which both the Eastern and Western hemispheres became the desired sphere of influence of the United States, which was finally peaking as a world power in the wake of the destruction of its traditional European allies, and of the Soviet Union, whose thirst for revenge allowed the Red Army to push the Nazi war machine all the way back to Berlin. With Europe largely left in ruins, both members of the government and the public at large grew to view Soviet-sponsored Communism as the greatest threat facing the free world. These fears of a Communist menace would slowly morph into an era-defining political witch hunt led by Joseph McCarthy, a junior Senator from Wisconsin. McCarthyism, as it would go on to be called, and the practices associated with it became commonplace in American politics. Targeted harassment of suspected Communists, black-listings, mass imprisonment of party leaders, and drawn-out public trials coupled with intense media scrutiny marked a period in United States history where Communism was ominously feared as the most dangerous enemy left to stand against Western civilization. Despite the seemingly rapid ascent to national infamy that Communism experienced, the seeds for the Second Red Scare were planted long before Senator McCarthy ever claimed to know of Communist agents working in the state department. The general fearfulness of Bolshevism, a radical form of Marxism, in the early 20th century contributed to the first national episode targeting those who subscribed to that ulterior train of thought. The First Red Scare was a period in which various social movements, particularly those involved in labor and workers’ rights, were targeted as being associated with and led by those who were sympathetic to the newly formed Soviet Union and its radical government. While the methods employed by Anti-Communists slightly differed from those that were used during the Red Scare in 1919, the feelings and attitudes that drove both movements were identical. In both instances, opportunistic politicians capitalized on widespread xenophobia and sensationalist media coverage to target what the general public was led to believe was a serious threat to American society.

Download or read book The Age of Eisenhower written by William I. Hitchcock and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-03-20 with total page 895 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New York Times–bestselling biography: a “complete and powerful assessment” of Dwight D. Eisenhower’s presidency (Booklist, starred review). Drawing on newly declassified documents and thousands of pages of unpublished material, The Age of Eisenhower tells the story of a masterful president guiding the nation through the great crises of the 1950s, from McCarthyism and the Korean War through civil rights turmoil and Cold War conflicts. This is a portrait of a skilled leader who, despite his conservative inclinations, found a middle path through the bitter partisanship of his era. At home, Eisenhower affirmed the central elements of the New Deal, such as Social Security; fought the demagoguery of Senator Joseph McCarthy; and advanced the agenda of civil rights for African-Americans. Abroad, he ended the Korean War and avoided a new quagmire in Vietnam. Yet he also charted a significant expansion of America’s missile technology and deployed a vast array of covert operations around the world to confront the challenge of communism. As he left office, he cautioned Americans to remain alert to the dangers of a powerful military-industrial complex that could threaten their liberties. Today, presidential historians rank Eisenhower fifth on the list of great presidents, and William Hitchcock’s “rich narrative” shows us why Ike’s stock has risen so high. He was a gifted leader, a decent man of humble origins who used his powers to advance the welfare of all Americans (The Wall Street Journal).

Download or read book Reds written by Ted Morgan and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2004-11-09 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this landmark work, Pulitzer Prize–winning author Ted Morgan examines the McCarthyite strain in American politics, from its origins in the period that followed the Bolshevik Revolution to the present. Morgan argues that Senator Joseph McCarthy did not emerge in a vacuum—he was, rather, the most prominent in a long line of men who exploited the issue of Communism for political advantage. In 1918, America invaded Russia in an attempt at regime change. Meanwhile, on the home front, the first of many congressional investigations of Communism was conducted. Anarchist bombs exploded from coast to coast, leading to the political repression of the Red Scare. Soviet subversion and espionage in the United States began in 1920, under the cover of a trade mission. Franklin Delano Roosevelt granted the Soviets diplomatic recognition in 1933, which gave them an opportunity to expand their spy networks by using their embassy and consulates as espionage hubs. Simultaneously, the American Communist Party provided a recruitment pool for homegrown spies. Martin Dies, Jr., the first congressman to make his name as a Red hunter, developed solid information on Communist subversion through his Un-American Activities Committee. However, its hearings were marred by partisan attacks on the New Deal, presaging McCarthy. The most pervasive period of Soviet espionage came during World War II, when Russia, as an ally of the United States, received military equipment financed under the policy of lend-lease. It was then that highly placed spies operated inside the U.S. government and in America’s nuclear facilities. Thanks to the Venona transcripts of KGB cable traffic, we now have a detailed account of wartime Soviet espionage, down to the marital problems of Soviet spies and the KGB’s abject efforts to capture deserting Soviet seamen on American soil. During the Truman years, Soviet espionage was in disarray following the defections of Elizabeth Bentley and Igor Gouzenko. The American Communist Party was much diminished by a number of measures, including its expulsion from the labor unions, the prosecution of its leaders under the Smith Act, and the weeding out, under Truman’s loyalty program, of subversives in government. As Morgan persuasively establishes, by the time McCarthy exploited the Red issue in 1950, the battle against Communists had been all but won by the Truman administration. In this bold narrative history, Ted Morgan analyzes the paradoxical culture of fear that seized a nation at the height of its power. Using Joseph McCarthy’s previously unavailable private papers and recently released transcripts of closed hearings of McCarthy’s investigations subcommittee, Morgan provides many new insights into the notorious Red hunter’s methods and motives. Full of drama and intrigue, finely etched portraits, and political revelations, Reds brings to life a critical period in American history that has profound relevance to our own time.

Download or read book McCarthy and the Fear of Communism in American History written by Karen Zeinert and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Karen Zeinert follows the rise and fall of McCarthyism and anti-Communist hysteria from its roots in American-Russian relations of the early twentieth century, through the Bolshevik Revolution and the American reaction, the witch hunt atmosphere of the Cold War. She shows how the fearful climate of the post-World War II years helped sustain the anti-Communist movement, despite its often awful tactics. The book also examines how the age of McCarthy finally came to an end as the perceived threat of communism began to fade with the decline of the Soviet Union.

Download or read book McCarthyism written by Brian Fitzgerald and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2007 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses fear of communism in the United States during the Cold War.

Download or read book McCarthyism and the Communist Scare in United States History written by Karen Zeinert and published by Enslow Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author Karen Zeinert follows the rise and fall of McCarthyism and anti-Communist hysteria in the United States from its roots in the straining of American-Soviet relations after the Bolshevik Revolution and how it led to the "witch hunt" atmosphere of the Cold War. Zeinert details the fearful climate of the post-World War II years and how those like McCarthy took advantage to sustain an anti-Communist movement, smearing the reputations of many innocent Americans. The author also examines how the age of McCarthyism finally came to an end as the perceived threat of communism faded when the Soviet Union declined.

Download or read book Jewish Organizations Response to Communism and to Senator McCarthy written by Aviva Weingarten and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In February 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy launched an anti-communist that lasted for more than four years. His attempts to unmask communists in the American administration and governmental agencies gave rise to actions that infringed on democratic procedure and civil liberties. As the Cold War grew, fear of communism at home and abroad meant that minorities were particularly under threat, as tensions and frustrations were channelled towards the handiest scapegoats. American Jewish organizations, who were having to come to terms with the Holocaust in Europe, were forced to contend with the real possibility of a serious anti-Semitic outburst at home. Jewish presence in the American Communist Party was conspicuous; although the overwhelming majority of Jewish Americans did not sympathise with its politics, there was concern that anti-communism would develop into anti-Semitism. McCarthy's anti-communist campaign endangered the very civil liberties that protected minorities, but criticism of McCarthy and his actions could be interpreted as support for communism. In order to convey the message that Jews were patriotic Americans concerned about both national security and civil liberties, Jewish organizations chose to present a united front, whilst also cooperating with non-sectarian American bodies. By doing so they professed an alternative anti-communism to the hardline McCarthy. This book sheds new light on McCarthy's attitudes to the Jews, to the Jewish organizations and to the Jewish individuals identified with communism.

Download or read book Joseph McCarthy written by Arthur Herman and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2000 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A daring--and controversial--second look at Senator Joseph McCarthy that declares that many of his notorious accusations were actually true. 16-page photo insert.

Download or read book An Undercurrent of Suspicion written by George Sirgiovanni and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The one period that most students of anti-Communism have ignored is the years of the Second World War, when the United States and the Soviet Union briefly stood together as allies against Nazi Germany. During this period, criticizing the Soviet Union and the Communist party abruptly went out of fashion. But even then, there were Americans who chose to be unfashionable. These leaders and opinion-makers are the subject of Sirgiovanni's An Undercurrent of Suspicion. This book demonstrates that the "undercurrent of suspicion" against the Soviet Union, and communism in general, was considerably stronger under World War II than many Americans realize or recall. Many long-time anti-communists refuse to go along with the quasi-official moratorium on criticizing America's Soviet ally, and although the war granted the Communist Party of the United States an unaccustomed degree of legitimacy, this was by no means universally conceded, either. The resilience of such attitudes n what surely were the most auspicious years of the U.S.-Soviet relations contributes to our understanding of why a far more virulent and widespread Cold War mentality of mistrust and hostility burst forth so soon after the Allied victory. Many issues that contributed to the Cold War had been raised during the alliance, such as the political and territorial makeup of Eastern Europe. Those who assumed that the U.S.S.R. could never be trusted to act in a spirit of justice and compassion included conservative politicians, anti-communist labor leaders, right-wing newsmen, Catholics and Protestant fundamentalists, and American Socialists-all of whom Sirigiovani discusses at length. These individuals also insisted that the domestic Communist movement, despite its "patriotic" wartime line, remained in the service of today's ally but tomorrow's probably adversary, Joseph Stalin's U.S.S.R. An Undercurrent of Suspicion will of considerable interest to anyone interested in communism ad anti-communism, American politics, and the history of ideas, especially as they relate to political issues. The general reader will the book provides a new dimension to the war years, and in so doing helps explain the deep background of the Cold War.

Download or read book McCarthyism written by Charles River Charles River Editors and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Profiles the Alger Hiss case *Includes testimony from HUAC hearings and McCarthy's hearings *Includes quotes from McCarthy about his career *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading *Includes a table of contents In 1947, at the start of the Cold War, President Truman tried to assure Americans who were worried about Communists in government that he was "not worried about the Communist Party taking over the Government of the United States, but I am against a person, whose loyalty is not to the Government of the United States, holding a Government job. They are entirely different things. I am not worried about this country ever going Communist. We have too much sense for that." Nonetheless, shortly after World War II, Congress' House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) began investigating Americans across the country for suspected ties to Communism. The most famous victims of these witch hunts were Hollywood actors, such as Charlie Chaplin, whose "Un-American activity" was being neutral at the beginning of World War II, but at the beginning of the Cold War, many Americans had the Red Scare. Among the people called before HUAC, perhaps none are as controversial as Alger Hiss. Hiss had graduated from Harvard Law, after which he worked as a clerk for Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, worked in the Roosevelt administration for the Agricultural Adjustment Association, and was Head of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. That background didn't exactly sound like one held by a Soviet spy, let alone a Communist, but Elizabeth Bentley, a former Communist, notified the Committee about a suspected spy ring and named several names, including Hiss. More notably, Hiss was also accused of being a Communist and Soviet spy by an admitted Communist, Whittaker Chambers. HUAC was well in decline by the time the '60s dawned, a fact so obvious that HUAC actually tried to restore its reputation by changing its name to the Internal Security Committee in 1969. Nevertheless, a few years later, the committee's authority was rolled into the House Judiciary Committee's, bringing to an end one of Congress' most controversial chapters. Another factor was the disrepute the Red Scare fell into because of the antics of Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy. McCarthy had made waves in 1950 by telling the Republican Women's Club in Wheeling, West Virginia that he had a list of dozens of known Communists working in the State Department. The political theater helped Senator McCarthy become the most prominent anti-Communist crusader in the government, and the Rosenberg case only further emboldened him. McCarthy continued to claim he held evidence suggesting Communist infiltration throughout the government, but anytime he was pressed to produce his evidence, McCarthy would not name names. Instead, he'd accuse those who questioned his evidence of being Communists themselves. McCarthy's rise made it possible for him to continue lobbing accusations against people, but the Senator finally met his match when he went after the Army. As chairman of the Senate Committee on Government Operations, McCarthy summoned decorated World War II veterans and challenged their loyalty, and when he openly suggested World War II hero Brigadier General Ralph W. Zwicker was a Communist during one hearing, the military had enough. In April 1954, the committee hearings were widely televised, and Americans watched Army members demand that McCarthy name names and provide evidence. The Army's legal representative, Joseph Nye Welch, repeatedly demanded that McCarthy produce the list of alleged Communists in the U.S. Army and railed at the Senator: "You've done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir? At long last, have you left no sense of decency?" McCarthy was publicly and permanently repudiated. He would be censured by Congress, and he would die just a few years later.

Download or read book Little Red Scares written by Robert Justin Goldstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-communism has long been a potent force in American politics, capable of gripping both government and popular attention. Nowhere is this more evident that the two great 'red scares' of 1919-20 and 1946-54; the latter generally - if somewhat inaccurately - termed McCarthyism. The interlude between these two major scares has tended to garner less attention, but as this volume makes clear, the lingering effects of 1919-20 and the gathering storm-clouds of 'McCarthyism' were clearly visible throughout the 20s and 30s, even if in a more low-key way. Indeed, the period between the two great red scares was marked by frequent instances of political repression, often justified on anti-communist grounds, at local, state and federal levels. Yet these events have been curiously neglected in the history of American political repression and anti-communism, perhaps because much of the material deals with events scattered in time and space which never reached the intensity of the two great scares. By focusing on this twenty-five year 'interim' period, the essays in this collection bridge the gap between the two high-profile 'red scares' thus offering a much more contextualised and fluid narrative for American anti-communism. In so doing the rationale and motivations for the 'red scares' can be seen as part of an evolving political landscape, rather than as isolated bouts of hysteria exploding onto - and then vanishing from - the political scene. Instead, a much more nuanced appreciation of the conflicting interests and fears of government, politicians, organised labour, free-speech advocates, employers, and the press is offered, which will be of interest to anyone wishing to better understand the political history of modern America.

Download or read book Cold War and McCarthy Era written by Caroline S. Emmons and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2010-06-04 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers readers the opportunity to see how the Cold War and McCarthy eras affected men, women, and children of varying backgrounds, providing a more personal examination of this important era. Studies of the Cold War often focus on the political power players who shaped American/Soviet relations. Cold War and McCarthy Era: People and Perspectives shifts the spotlight to show how the fear of a Soviet attack and Communist infiltration affected the daily life of everyday Americans. Cold War and McCarthy Era gauges the impact of McCarthyism on a wide range of citizens. Chapters examine Cold War-era popular culture as well as the community-based Civil Defense Societies. Essays, key primary documents, and other reference tools further readers' understanding of how official reactions to Communist threats, both real and perceived, altered every aspect of American society.

Download or read book The so called Red Scare as McCarthyism written by Patricia Schneider and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-08-02 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Applied Geography, grade: 1,3, University of Ulster, language: English, abstract: February 9, 1950, Wheeling, West Virginia: Joseph R. McCarthy, senator of Wisconsin, gives a speech at a meeting of the Republican Women’s Club, claiming that he owns a list of 205 names of members of the Communist party who are employed in the State Department. Although the number of the names changes with the place where the speech is given, the press is electrified by his claims and the senator soon personifies American anti-Communism. In order to explain the circumstances under which it was possible to persecute and harass American citizens in the way McCarthy did after his speech had been successful, a closer look at the decades previous to McCarthy’s appearance is necessary. Therefore, this essay will first focus on the Red Scare of 1919-20, since it can serve ‘both as an analogy and a legacy’ for the events to come. Afterwards the ‘little red scare’ of the thirties will be examined, since anti-Communist sentiments aroused again under Franklin D Roosevelt’s New Deal programme. During the ‘little red scare’, anti-Communism was rather a domestic issue. Therefore, it could easily be ended by the 2nd World War, since foreign affairs dominated American politics then. However, the following section will focus on the aftermath of the 2nd World War, since several events in America’s foreign policy transferred the anti-Communist sentiments to being international concerns. Thus, the years directly preceding McCarthy’s speech will be examined in detail. Particular attention will be paid to McCarthy himself and the reasons for his success. Finally, the essay will conclude by answering the question whether or not it is accurate to describe the so-called ‘Red Scare’ as McCarthyism.

Download or read book The Impact of McCarthyism within the United States Government written by Hon Opande Imelda and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay aus dem Jahr 2018 im Fachbereich Geschichte - Amerika, , Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: After World War II, the Soviet Union and the United States spread two different economic ideologies that were aimed at increasing their power across the globe. The United States was used to controlling the globe’s economy. The move by the Soviet Union to spread communism was seen as direct competition. The fear of communism had been spread during the Red Scare period, making American’s to fear the infiltration of the country by communists. During the 1950’s, Joseph McCarthy who was then the Wisconsin senator led a purge to expose those who were considered domestic communist and their sympathizers. The senator used wild allegations to show that there were communists inside the American government who were working from within to take it down. McCarthyism had wide effect on America, especially within the government. McCarthyism led to increased suspicions and fear within the government, abolition of the communist party and increased tension between America and communist allied nations.

Download or read book Senator Joe McCarthy written by Richard H. Rovere and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1996-04-12 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The definitive job, and I can't imagine what else there is to say about him."—Walter Lippman "This is an appraisal without apology. If its judgments are uncompromising, they are also given without rancor, indeed with an air of almost sympathetic curiosity about the phenomenon that was McCarthy. . . . It is no surprise that [Rovere's] book is a vividly written, sophisticated recreation of a political episode whose manic qualities already begin to seem unbelievable."—Anthony Lewis