Download or read book Alternative Water Supply Options for Nitrate Contamination in California s Tulare and Salinas Groundwater Basins written by Kristin Linn Honeycutt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrate is California's most ubiquitous groundwater contaminant and has significant potential to harm human health. The Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley were chosen as pilot study areas to study the population susceptible to nitrate contamination in groundwater, and identify the available short-term and long-term alternative water supply options. Farming practices on agricultural lands and dairies in these basins produce high levels of nitrate. The population served by the groundwater have a high risk of exposure to nitrate, and often cannot afford treatment or alternative water supply options. These factors combine to make the Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley highly susceptible to health effects from nitrate in drinking water. This thesis estimates the population potentially susceptible to consuming nitrate in groundwater and examines the alternative water supply options available for each system type. The economic and financial costs are estimated for each water supply option and a least cost analysis is performed for the entire basin susceptible population. Approximately 766,000 people in California's Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley have drinking water supplies susceptible or potentially susceptible to nitrate groundwater contamination. Water users that are served by a community water system exceeding a nitrate threshold, or lacking historical nitrate records, account for about 675,000 people. The remaining 88,000 people are estimated to be connected to a self-supplied household or local small water system that is located in an area exceeding the nitrate threshold. Assuming unchanging and unabated basin-wide trends in nitrate groundwater levels, the susceptible community water system population is estimated to increase 80% by 2050. The most promising options for communities connected to highly susceptible water systems are to consolidate with a larger system; consolidate with nearby smaller systems and regionalize into a larger system; install ion exchange community water treatment; drill a new well; blend sources; and as an interim solution, provide point-of-use treatment to households. There is significant potential for consolidation of systems. Solely based on system size and spatial proximity to surrounding systems, there is great possibility for smaller water systems to consolidate with larger water systems. Promising solutions for self-supplied households or local small water systems within a highly susceptible sub-area are to install a point-of-use reverse osmosis treatment system, or drill a new or deeper well.The overall cost of providing nitrate-compliant drinking water to the Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley is estimated to be about $25 to $30 million per year for the long-term. Roughly, $18 to $23 million per year is estimated to be needed for community water system users and about $7 million is estimated to be needed for household self-supplied or local small water system users. To put this funding need in perspective, the overall costs correspond to $33 to $40 per year per susceptible person, $6 to $8 per study area irrigated acre per year, or $125 to $150 per ton of fertilizer applied.
Download or read book Managing California s Water written by Ellen Hanak and published by Public Policy Instit. of CA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrate Contamination written by Istvan Bogardi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nitrate content of drinking water is rising at an alarming rate in several regions of NATO countries and elsewhere in the world. The increase is due to lack of proper sewage treatment, and primarily to excess fertilizer application. Also, eutrophication in several coastal areas is triggered by high nitrate concentrations. The main purpose of this book is to integrate scientific knowledge related to exposure assessment, health consequences and control of nitrate contamination in water. The motivation is related to the magnitude, the possible adverse health effects, and the high cost of control ling nitrate contamination. Future research tasks are defined by an interaction among hydro logists, toxicologists and environmental engineers in an integrated framework for nitrate risk management. The target readership of this book is a mix of university colleagues, practitioners from both the private and public sectors and advanced graduate students working with the hydrological, health science or environmental engineering aspects of nitrate contamination. The main conclusions include: 1. For risk assessment purposes, knowledge and sufficiently accurate models are available to predict nitrate load and its fate in water under changes in land use. 2. Once agricultural exposure controls are implemented, the response times in ground water may be so long as to make controls unrealistic. 3. It is still unknown whether agricultural best management practice is a compromise between nitrate risk reduction and agricultural revenue. 4. The current drinking water guidelines of 10 mg/L NOrN need not be changed.
Download or read book The California Nitrogen Assessment written by Thomas P. Tomich and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-06-14 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Collaborating Institutions: Agricultural Sustainability Institute at UC Davis, UC ANR Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, UC ANR Kearney Foundation of Soil Science, UC ANR Agricultural Issues Center, UC ANR California Institute for Water Resources, Water Science and Policy Center at UC Riverside."
Download or read book California s Contaminated Groundwater Resources written by Alex N. Helperin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book California Water Plan Update written by California. Department of Water Resources and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Desalination written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-09-14 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been an exponential increase in desalination capacity both globally and nationally since 1960, fueled in part by growing concern for local water scarcity and made possible to a great extent by a major federal investment for desalination research and development. Traditional sources of supply are increasingly expensive, unavailable, or controversial, but desalination technology offers the potential to substantially reduce water scarcity by converting the almost inexhaustible supply of seawater and the apparently vast quantities of brackish groundwater into new sources of freshwater. Desalination assesses the state of the art in relevant desalination technologies, and factors such as cost and implementation challenges. It also describes reasonable long-term goals for advancing desalination technology, posits recommendations for action and research, estimates the funding necessary to support the proposed research agenda, and identifies appropriate roles for governmental and nongovernmental entities.
Download or read book Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-18 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels made from algae are gaining attention as a domestic source of renewable fuel. However, with current technologies, scaling up production of algal biofuels to meet even 5 percent of U.S. transportation fuel needs could create unsustainable demands for energy, water, and nutrient resources. Continued research and development could yield innovations to address these challenges, but determining if algal biofuel is a viable fuel alternative will involve comparing the environmental, economic and social impacts of algal biofuel production and use to those associated with petroleum-based fuels and other fuel sources. Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels was produced at the request of the U.S. Department of Energy.
Download or read book General program and alternatives written by California Region Framework Study Committee and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mediterranean Oak Woodland Working Landscapes written by Pablo Campos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oak tree was a boon companion as humans expanded their presence across much of the globe. While oak woodlands (Quercus spp.) come today in stunningly diverse forms, the stately dehesas of Spain and the dramatic oak-dominated ranchlands of California are working landscapes where cultivation and manipulation for a couple of millennia have shaped Mediterranean-type ecosystems into a profoundly modified yet productive environment that is sought-after by every manner of species. The grazing of wildlife and livestock in oak woodlands yields a remarkable plant and animal biodiversity, creating a mosaic of habitats and visually pleasing savannas. Added products unique to Spain such as Iberian pigs and cork, and in California multiple landowner benefits, include valued ecosystem services that allow owners, visitors, and conservation supporters to experience the benefits of woodland life. With its 15 chapters a decade in the making, this handsomely illustrated book covers key topics in oak woodland policy, ecology, and management in Spain and California, presenting new research results and reviewing an existing expert literature.
Download or read book Handbook of Plant Nutrition written by Allen V. Barker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The burgeoning demand on the world food supply, coupled with concern over the use of chemical fertilizers, has led to an accelerated interest in the practice of precision agriculture. This practice involves the careful control and monitoring of plant nutrition to maximize the rate of growth and yield of crops, as well as their nutritional value.
Download or read book The Role of Sound Groundwater Resources Management and Governance to Achieve Water Security written by International Centre for Water Security and Sustainable Management and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-31 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alluvial Fans written by Adrian M. Harvey and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2005 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alluvial fans are important sedimentary environments. They trap sediment delivered from mountain source areas, and exert an important control on the delivery of sediment to downstream environments, to axial drainages and to sedimentary basins. They preserve a sensitive record of environmental change within the mountain source areas. Alluvial fan geomorphology and sedimentology reflect not only drainage basin size and geology, but change in response to tectonic, climatic and base-level controls. One of the challenges facing alluvial fan research is to resolve how these gross controls are reflected in alluvial fan dynamics and to apply the results of studies of modern fan processes and Quaternary fans to the understanding of sedimentary sequences in the rock record. This volume includes papers based on up-to-date research, and focuses on three themes: alluvial fan processes, dynamics of Quaternary alluvial fans and fan sedimentary sequences. Linking the papers is an emphasis on the controls of fan geomorphology, sedimentology and dynamics. This provides a basis for integration between geomorphological and sedimentological approaches, and an understanding how fluvial systems respond to tectonic, climatic and base-level changes.
Download or read book California Basins written by United States. National Resources Committee. Water Resources Committee and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contemporary Environmental Issues and Challenges in Era of Climate Change written by Pooja Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-16 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few decades, unprecedented global population growth has led to increased demand for food and shelter. At the same time, extraction of natural resources beyond the Earth’s resilience capacity has had a devastating effect on ecosystems and environmental health. Furthermore, climate change is having a significant impact in a number of areas, including the global hydrological cycle, ecosystem functioning, coastal vulnerability, forest ecology, food security, and agricultural sustainability. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), only immediate and sustained action will prevent climate change causing irreversible and potentially catastrophic damage to our environment. This book presents various scientific views and concepts, research, reviews, and case studies on contemporary environmental issues in changing climate scenarios and highlights different adaptation measures. Increasing awareness of modern-day patterns of climate change, it addresses questions often raised by environmental scientists, researchers, policymakers and general readers.
Download or read book The California State Water Project written by California. Dept. of Water Resources and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced Precipitative Softening Guidance Manual written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
