Download or read book New Generation Green Solvents for Separation and Preconcentration of Organic and Inorganic Species written by Mustafa Soylak and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Generation Green Solvents for Separation and Preconcentration of Organic and Inorganic Species is designed to help researchers and students understand the production and application of new generation green solvents in separation- and preconcentration-based analytical methods. Beginning with the historical background and milestones in the development of analytical instrumentation, the book goes on to give a detailed overview of the most up-to-date uses of green solvents in sample preparation. Using a wealth of examples, it compares old and new extraction procedures and explores the many applications of new generation green solvents. Practical, easy-to-follow experiments are used to illustrate the key concepts. This practical guide helps to promote the use of safer, more sustainable solvents in analytical chemistry and beyond for environmental scientists, researchers in pharmaceutical and biotech industries, and students in analytical chemistry. - Covers the basic analytical theory essential for understanding extraction- and microextraction-based separation and preconcentration methods - Explains combination use of new generation solvents with various detection systems, including UV-VIS, ICP-MS, HPLC, LC-MS, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS - Emphasizes trace chemical component separation, preconcentration and analysis

Download or read book Alternative Potentially Green Separations Media written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the current DoE-BES funding, we have extended our fundamental understanding of the critical phase separation of aqueous polymer solutions at the molecular level, and have developed a similar understanding of their application as novel solvent systems. Our principal aims included mode of delivery of the aqueous biphasic system (ABS) solvent system and the application of this system to problems of reactive extraction. In the former case we have developed novel solid phase analogues, in the form of cross-linked polyethylene glycol hydrogels, and in the latter case we have examined the role that ABS might play in reaction engineering, with a view to greener, simpler, and safer processes. We have also developed a new salt/salt ABS and have extended our understanding of this system as well. The major outcomes are as follows: (1) Through the use of variable temperature phase diagrams, coupled with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements of the phases, a better understanding of the thermodynamics of phase formation was obtained. Evidence to the existence and role of an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) or lower critical solution temperature (LCST) (or both) in these systems was gained. With variable temperature solute partitioning, thermodynamic parameters were calculated, and inter-system comparisons were made. Through the use of Abraham's linear solvation energy regression (LSER) the solvent-solute properties of liquid/liquid ABS were examined. We have shown that ABS are indeed very tunable and LSERs have been used as a tool to compare these systems to traditional organic/water and other liquid/liquid systems. (2) We have successfully shown the development of novel reaction media for chemical synthesis and reaction; Aqueous Biphasic Reactive Extraction (ABRE). As a proof of concept, we have shown the synthesis of adipic acid from cyclohexene in an ABS, which represents an important development in the exploitation of this technology. Previous oxidations of this type have relied on the use of phase transfer catalysts, which are expensive to produce and difficult to recover. In this reaction the polyethylene glycol (PEG) phase seems to function simultaneously as the phase transfer catalyst, the reaction solvent, and to provide the reaction driving force. (3) PEG hydrogels may be used as probes for their macroscopic analogues by which the molecular events underlying the phase behavior of polymer-salt systems can be investigated. The properties of covalently cross-linked PEG hydrogels have been studied. It was demonstrated that these hydrogels could be thought of as analogous to polymer/salt ABS without phase separation. The salts examined cause collapse of the hydrogel, and there is a physical limit to the degree of collapse that can be achieved. In addition, salts bringing about significant collapse are only prevented from reaching this limit by the limits of their own solubility. This lead to our discovery that PEG will phase separate with KSCN at high enough concentration of polymer and salt. We have also successfully shown the development of an IL-PEG hydrogel as well as a Si-modified PEG hydrogel. We have also demonstrated for the first time that this cross-linked PEG matrix has been used to gel non-aqueous solvents. (4) The use of hydrophilic ionic liquids (ILs) in separation schemes has been accomplished via a 'salting out' technique using inorganic, kosmotropic salts that is applicable to many classes of these materials. We have begun to obtain a deeper knowledge about the role that each component plays in the process, including that of the ionic liquid cation and anion, the kosmotropic salt cation and anions, as well as the distribution of water in the system. This is allowing us to design separation systems with desired properties. In addition, temperature studies on these aqueous biphasic systems are revealing thermodynamic data for the first time, so that we can quantitate the importance of e ...

Download or read book Green Petroleum written by M. R. Islam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-25 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can "green petroleum" reverse global warming and bring down high gasoline prices? Written in non-technical language for the layperson, this book investigates and details how the oil and gas industry can "go green" with new processes and technologies, thus bringing the world's most important industry closer to environmental and economic sustainability. This book unravels the mysteries of the current energy crisis and argues that solutions to global warming will come only from the development of new technologies. Discussed here are the reasons why petroleum operations, as they are now, are not sustainable; how each practice treads an inherently implosive path; and how each spells irreversible damage to the planet's ecosystem. Fossil fuel consumption is not the culprit; rather, the practices involved, from exploration to refining and processing, are responsible for the current damage to the environment.

Download or read book Engineering Aspects of Membrane Separation and Application in Food Processing written by Robert W. Field and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering Aspects of Membrane Separation and Application in Food Processing presents an overview and introduction to a wide range of membrane processes, their unique characteristics and challenges. In the food industry, as in many industries, membranes have an environmental advantage over conventional processes that they displace, because they are less energy intensive. The processing at near-ambient conditions also retains flavors and nutritional value. These advantages, together with significant reductions in the cost of membrane modules, augers well for their future not only in the dairy industry but in other parts of the food industry, such as alcohol processing, animal product processing, and fruit and vegetable processing. Chapters address a wide range of membranes separations in the food and beverage industries, and applications are provided that will be of value not only to food engineers but also to process engineers working in other areas. The processing of food is now a highly interdisciplinary science, and anyone concerned with food processing will benefit from reading this book and understanding what membrane processes of the twenty-first century have to offer.

Download or read book Biopolymers written by Ashok Kumar Nadda and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-23 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book emphasizes various challenges and opportunities in biopolymers and identifying their potential applications in various fields including food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and electronics. It offers an overview of the environmental-related issues, regulatory and legislative issues, green extraction technologies, and sustainability challenges. It will be interesting and valuable for researchers working in the related field.

Download or read book Advanced Separation Techniques for Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing and Radioactive Waste Treatment written by Kenneth L Nash and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced separations technology is key to closing the nuclear fuel cycle and relieving future generations from the burden of radioactive waste produced by the nuclear power industry. Nuclear fuel reprocessing techniques not only allow for recycling of useful fuel components for further power generation, but by also separating out the actinides, lanthanides and other fission products produced by the nuclear reaction, the residual radioactive waste can be minimised. Indeed, the future of the industry relies on the advancement of separation and transmutation technology to ensure environmental protection, criticality-safety and non-proliferation (i.e., security) of radioactive materials by reducing their long-term radiological hazard.Advanced separation techniques for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment provides a comprehensive and timely reference on nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment. Part one covers the fundamental chemistry, engineering and safety of radioactive materials separations processes in the nuclear fuel cycle, including coverage of advanced aqueous separations engineering, as well as on-line monitoring for process control and safeguards technology. Part two critically reviews the development and application of separation and extraction processes for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment. The section includes discussions of advanced PUREX processes, the UREX+ concept, fission product separations, and combined systems for simultaneous radionuclide extraction. Part three details emerging and innovative treatment techniques, initially reviewing pyrochemical processes and engineering, highly selective compounds for solvent extraction, and developments in partitioning and transmutation processes that aim to close the nuclear fuel cycle. The book concludes with other advanced techniques such as solid phase extraction, supercritical fluid and ionic liquid extraction, and biological treatment processes.With its distinguished international team of contributors, Advanced separation techniques for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment is a standard reference for all nuclear waste management and nuclear safety professionals, radiochemists, academics and researchers in this field. - A comprehensive and timely reference on nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment - Details emerging and innovative treatment techniques, reviewing pyrochemical processes and engineering, as well as highly selective compounds for solvent extraction - Discusses the development and application of separation and extraction processes for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment

Download or read book Green Solvents II written by Ali Mohammad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-19 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional solvents used in chemical, pharmaceutical, biomedical and separation processes represent a great challenge to green chemistry because of their toxicity and flammability. Since the beginning of “the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry” in 1998, a general effort has been made to replace conventional solvents with environmentally benign substitutes. Water has been the most popular choice so far, followed by ionic liquids, surfactant, supercritical fluids, fluorous solvents, liquid polymers, bio-solvents and switchable solvent systems. Green Solvents Volume I and II provides a throughout overview of the different types of solvents and discusses their extensive applications in fields such as extraction, organic synthesis, biocatalytic processes, production of fine chemicals, removal of hydrogen sulphide, biochemical transformations, composite material, energy storage devices and polymers. These volumes are written by leading international experts and cover all possible aspects of green solvents’ properties and applications available in today’s literature. Green Solvents Volume I and II is an invaluable guide to scientists, R&D industrial specialists, researchers, upper-level undergraduates and graduate students, Ph.D. scholars, college and university professors working in the field of chemistry and biochemistry.

Download or read book Green Separation Processes written by Carlos A. M. Afonso and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of all important aspects of this modern technology with the focus on the "green aspect". The expert authors present everything from reactions without solvents to nanostructures for separation methods, from combinatorial chemistry on solid phase to dendrimers. The result is a ready reference packed full of valuable facts on the latest developments in the field - high-quality information otherwise widely spread throughout articles and reviews. From the contents: * Green chemistry for sustainable development * New synthetic methodologies and the demand for adequate separation processes * New developments in separation processes * Future trends and needs It is a "must-have" for every researcher in the field.

Download or read book Sustainable Separation Engineering written by Gyorgy Szekely and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-04-04 with total page 1039 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Separation Engineering Explore an insightful collection of resources exploring conventional and emerging materials and techniques for separations In Sustainable Separation Engineering: Materials, Techniques and Process Development, a team of distinguished chemical engineers delivers a comprehensive discussion of the latest trends in sustainable separation engineering. Designed to facilitate understanding and knowledge transfer between materials scientists and chemical engineers, the book is beneficial for scientists, practitioners, technologists, and industrial managers. Written from a sustainability perspective, the status and need for more emphasis on sustainable separations in the chemical engineering curriculum is highlighted. The accomplished editors have included contributions that explore a variety of conventional and emerging materials and techniques for efficient separations, as well as the prospects for the use of artificial intelligence in separation science and technology. Case studies round out the included material, discussing a broad range of separation applications, like battery recycling, carbon sequestration, and biofuel production. This edited volume also provides: Thorough introductions to green materials for sustainable separations, as well as advanced materials for sustainable oil and water separation Comprehensive explorations of the recycling of lithium batteries and ionic liquids for sustainable separation processes Practical discussions of carbon sequestration, the recycling of polymer materials, and AI for the development of separation materials and processes In-depth examinations of membranes for sustainable separations, green extraction processes, and adsorption processes for sustainable separations Perfect for academic and industrial researchers interested in the green and sustainable aspects of separation science, Sustainable Separation Engineering: Materials, Techniques and Process Development is an indispensable resource for chemical engineers, materials scientists, polymer scientists, and renewable energy professionals.

Download or read book Emerging Compounds Removal from Wastewater written by Giusy Lofrano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-31 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last years the release of emerging pollutants such as Endocrine Disruptors (EDCs), Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) into the environment has raised great concern. While investigating how to treat emerging pollutants from water and wastewater, researchers have drawn attention on the implementation of more environmentally friendly technologies able to achieve high removal efficiency at low costs. Emerging Compounds Removal from Wastewater by Green Technologies: Natural and Solar Based Treatments introduces green chemistry in relation to these treatment technologies. More specifically, this volume: • Reviews the suitability of alternative adsorption processes that use natural adsorbents natural materials or agricultural waste in light of the inefficiency of conventional wastewater treatment plants; • Evaluates the potential of constructed wetlands for the removal of some categories of trace contaminant of worldwide relevance in view of their application as decentralized systems; • Highlights the promising role of a special class of oxidation techniques defined as Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) supported by sunlight. This volume will be of great interest to students, technicians, and academics alike who are interested in evaluating and selecting the technologies that lead to better and more sustainable treatment of this huge class of pollutants.

Download or read book Phosphorus III Ligands in Homogeneous Catalysis written by Paul C. J. Kamer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-09 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last 60 years the increasing knowledge of transition metal chemistry has resulted in an enormous advance of homogeneous catalysis as an essential tool in both academic and industrial fields. Remarkably, phosphorus(III) donor ligands have played an important role in several of the acknowledged catalytic reactions. The positive effects of phosphine ligands in transition metal homogeneous catalysis have contributed largely to the evolution of the field into an indispensable tool in organic synthesis and the industrial production of chemicals. This book aims to address the design and synthesis of a comprehensive compilation of P(III) ligands for homogeneous catalysis. It not only focuses on the well-known traditional ligands that have been explored by catalysis researchers, but also includes promising ligand types that have traditionally been ignored mainly because of their challenging synthesis. Topics covered include ligand effects in homogeneous catalysis and rational catalyst design, P-stereogenic ligands, calixarenes, supramolecular approaches, solid phase synthesis, biological approaches, and solubility and separation. Ligand families covered in this book include phosphine, diphosphine, phosphite, diphosphite, phosphoramidite, phosphonite, phosphinite, phosphole, phosphinine, phosphinidenene, phosphaalkenes, phosphaalkynes, P-chiral ligands, and cage ligands. Each ligand class is accompanied by detailed and reliable synthetic procedures. Often the rate limiting step in the application of ligands in catalysis is the synthesis of the ligands themselves, which can often be very challenging and time consuming. This book will provide helpful advice as to the accessibility of ligands as well as their synthesis, thereby allowing researchers to make a more informed choice. Phosphorus(III) Ligands in Homogeneous Catalysis: Design and Synthesis is an essential overview of this important class of catalysts for academic and industrial researchers working in catalyst development, organometallic and synthetic chemistry.

Download or read book Integrating Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering written by Shahid Ul Islam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-01 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book covers the recent advances in sustainable technologies and developments, and describes how green chemistry and engineering practices are being applied and integrated in various industrial sectors. Over the past decade, the population explosion, rise in global warming, depletion of fossil fuel resources and environmental pollution have been the major driving force for promoting and implementing the principles of green chemistry and sustainable engineering in all sectors ranging from chemical to environmental sciences. It plays a growing role in the chemical processing industries. Green chemistry and engineering are relatively new areas focused on minimizing generations of pollution by utilizing alternative feedstocks, developing, selecting, and using less environmentally harmful solvents, finding new synthesis pathways, improving selectivity in reactions, generating less waste, avoiding the use of highly toxic compounds, and much more. In an effort to advance the discussion of green chemistry and engineering, this book contains 19 chapters describing greener approaches to the design and development of processes and products. The contributors describe the production of third generation biofuels, sustainable and economic production of hydrogen by water splitting using solar energy, efficient energy harvesting, mechanisms involved in the conversion of biomass, green nanocomposites, bio-based polymers, ionic liquids as green solvents, sustainable nitrogen fixation, bioremediation, and much more. The book aims at motivating chemists and engineers, as well as postgraduate and PhD students and postdocs to pay attention to an acute need for the implementation of green chemistry principles in the field of chemical engineering, biomedical engineering, agriculture, environmental engineering, chemical processing and material sciences.

Download or read book Bridging Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalysis written by Can Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-03 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are two main disciplines in catalysis research -- homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. This is due to the fact that the catalyst is either in the same phase (homogeneous catalysis) as the reaction being catalyzed or in a different phase (heterogeneous catalysis). Over the past decade, various approaches have been implemented to combine the advantages of homogeneous catalysis (efficiency, selectivity) with those of heterogeneous catalysis (stability, recovery) by the heterogenization of homogeneous catalysts or by carrying out homogeneous reactions under heterogeneous conditions. This unique handbook fills the gap in the market for an up-to-date work that links both homogeneous catalysis applied to organic reactions and catalytic reactions on surfaces of heterogeneous catalysts. As such, it highlights structural analogies and shows mechanistic parallels between the two, while additionally presenting kinetic analysis methods and models that either work for both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Chapters cover asymmetric, emulsion, phase-transfer, supported homogeneous, and organocatalysis, as well as in nanoreactors and for specific applications, catalytic reactions in ionic liquids, fluorous and supercritical solvents and in water. Finally, the text includes computational methods for investigating structure-reactivity relations. With its wealth of information, this invaluable reference provides academic and industrial chemists with novel concepts for innovative catalysis research.

Download or read book Carbohydrate Chemistry written by Amélia Pilar Rauter and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many fields, most notably medicine and molecular biology, the understanding of the structure and function of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates remains vital. This new volume contains critical reviews covering the latest findings in both chemical and biological sciences, and demonstrates the interdisciplinary nature of modern carbohydrate research. This book addresses diverse applications that continue to be major challenges for carbohydrate chemists. The book starts with a review of Gérard Descotes contribution to the field as a pioneer of French modern carbohydrate chemistry. Green nanocatalytic oxidation of free sugars, photosensitive glycomacrocycles, the application of disaccharides in supramolecular chemistry, recent advances in the radiation chemistry of polysaccharides, and the cell wall pectic rhamnogalacturonan II, an enigma in plant glycobiology are just some of the diverse topics presented in Volume 45. This set of reports will certainly benefit any researcher who wishes to learn about the latest developments in the carbohydrate field.

Download or read book Greener Synthesis of Organic Compounds written by Ahindra Nag and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an interdisciplinary, integrative overview of environmental problem-solving using mild reaction conditions, green reagents, waste free and energy efficient synthesis in both industry and academic world. Discussions include a broad, integrated perspective on sustainability, integrated risk, multi-scale changes and impacts taking place within ecosystems worldwide. Features: This book serves as a reference book for scientific investigators who need to do greener synthesis of organic compounds, drugs and natural products under mild reaction condition using green reagents, eco-friendly catalysts and benign reaction mediums over traditional synthetic processes which is a key driving force of scientists. Greener synthesis of multiple value-added heterocycles opens up a new horizon towards the organic catalysis and for this purpose, development of natural resources acts as an effective catalyst. Using environmentally friendly reaction medium e.g. ACC, WETSA, WEBSA have been used for the synthesis of some crucial heterocyclic scaffolds such as bisenols and 2-amino-4H-pyrans, tetraketones, pyrans, and biaryls. This book can also be used as a textbook for graduate and post graduate level courses for students. Furthermore, the problems with answers in book will add better understanding for students.

Download or read book Recoverable and Recyclable Catalysts written by Maurizio Benaglia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-08-31 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoverable and Recyclable Catalysts There is continued pressure on chemical and pharmaceutical industries to reduce chemical waste and improve the selectivity and efficiency of synthetic processes. The need to implement green chemistry principles is a driving force towards the development of recoverable and recyclable catalysts. The design and synthesis of recoverable catalysts is a highly challenging interdisciplinary field combining chemistry, materials science engineering with economic and environmental objectives. Drawing on international research and highlighting recent developments, this book serves as a practical guide for both experts and newcomers to the field. Topics covered include: An introduction to the principles of catalyst recovery and recycling Catalysts on insoluble and soluble support materials Thermomorphic catalysts, self-supported catalysts and perfluorous catalytic systems The development of reusable organic catalysts Continuous flow and membrane reactors Each chapter combines principles with practical information on the synthesis of catalysts and strategies for catalyst recovery. The book concludes with a comparison of different catalytic systems, using case studies to illustrate the key features of each approach. Recoverable and Recyclable Catalysts is a valuable reference source for academic researchers and professionals from a range of pharmaceutical and chemical industries, particularly those working in catalysis, organic synthesis and sustainable chemistry.

Download or read book Environmental Catalysis written by Vicki H. Grassian and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-26 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of environmental interfaces and environmental catalysis is central to finding more effective solutions to air pollution and in understanding of how pollution impacts the natural environment. Encompassing concepts, techniques, and methods, Environmental Catalysis provides a mix of theory, computation, analysis, and synthesis to support the