Download or read book Alteration of Susceptibility to Noise induced Hearing Loss Through Interruption of Sympathetic Inputs to the Cochlea written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1966, sympathetic fibers were identified in the cochlea, terminating on the cochlear artery and near the auditory nerve fibers at the level of the habenula perforata (Spoendlin and Lichtensteiger, 1966). The cochlear sympathetic fibers originate in the stellate ganglion (SG) and the superior cervical ganglion (SCG). Both sets of fibers have a demonstrated effect on cochlear blood flow (CBF) (Laurikainen et al., 1993, 1994, 1997; Ren et al., 1993). The SCG fibers have been implicated in modulation of susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) (Borg, 1982; Hildesheimer et al., 1991; Horner et al., 2001; Hildesheimer et al., 2002). Ablation of the SCG generally leads to protection from NIHL, but the previous studies do not separate the effects of SCG ablation on temporary and permanent threshold shift (TTS and PTS), and there is also some question about whether the effect is unilateral or bilateral. In the current study, we explore the effects of unilateral and bilateral SCG ablation on threshold shift from noise exposure, as measured with inferior colliculus (IC) evoked potentials, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), and outer hair cell (OHC) loss. SCGs were isolated at the level of the bifurcation of the carotid artery and removed unilaterally in 15 chinchillas. Another 8 chinchillas underwent bilateral ablation. 20 animals were employed as sham controls. Each animal was implanted with IC electrodes and exposed to an octave band noise centered at 4 kHz for one hour at 110 dB SPL. Hearing thresholds and DPOAE input/output functions were measured at six hours, one day, three days, one week, and three weeks after the noise. After the three-week test, animals were sacrificed and OHCs were counted for cochleograms. Results showed improved recovery of DPOAE amplitudes after noise exposure in ears that underwent SCGectomy, as well as lower evoked potential threshold shifts relative to sham controls. Effects of SCGectomy on OHC loss were small. Results of the study suggest that sympathetic fibers do exert some influence on susceptibility to noise, but the influence may not be a major one.
Download or read book Noise Induced Hearing Loss written by Colleen G. Le Prell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-30 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to loud noise continues to be the largest cause of hearing loss in the adult population. The problem of NIHL impacts a number of disciplines. US standards for permissible noise exposure were originally published in 1968 and remain largely unchanged today. Indeed, permissible noise exposure for US personnel is significantly greater than that allowed in numerous other countries, including for example, Canada, China, Brazil, Mexico, and the European Union. However, there have been a number of discoveries and advances that have increased our understanding of the mechanisms of NIHL. These advances have the potential to impact how NIHL can be prevented and how our noise standards can be made more appropriate.
Download or read book Noise induced Hearing Loss written by Armand L. Dancer and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hearing Loss Mechanisms Prevention and Cure written by Huawei Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically discusses the pathogenesis, prevention, and the current and potential clinical treatment of hearing loss, as well as the latest advances in hearing research. Hearing loss is a prevalent sensory disorder, which according to a 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) report affected 9% of the global population in 2015. As populations continue to age, more and more people are suffering from the condition, with 60% of those aged between 65 and 75 affected. Hearing loss seriously affects patients’ ability to work ability and quality of life, and as such deafness has become an increasingly urgent social problem around the globe. Sensorineural hearing loss is mainly caused by damage to the hair cells (HCs), and the subsequent loss of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Damage to the HCs in the inner ear can result from exposure to loud noises and environmental and chemical toxins as well as genetic disorders, aging, and certain medications. This book provides ENT specialists and researchers, as well as individuals affected a comprehensive introduction to the field of hearing loss.
Download or read book Children s Health the Nation s Wealth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-18 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children's health has clearly improved over the past several decades. Significant and positive gains have been made in lowering rates of infant mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases and accidental causes, improved access to health care, and reduction in the effects of environmental contaminants such as lead. Yet major questions still remain about how to assess the status of children's health, what factors should be monitored, and the appropriate measurement tools that should be used. Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth: Assessing and Improving Child Health provides a detailed examination of the information about children's health that is needed to help policy makers and program providers at the federal, state, and local levels. In order to improve children's health-and, thus, the health of future generations-it is critical to have data that can be used to assess both current conditions and possible future threats to children's health. This compelling book describes what is known about the health of children and what is needed to expand the knowledge. By strategically improving the health of children, we ensure healthier future generations to come.
Download or read book Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.
Download or read book Genetics of Deafness written by B. Vona and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetics of Deafness offers a journey through areas crucial for understanding the causes and effects of hearing loss. It covers such topics as the latest approaches in diagnostics and deafness research and the current status and future promise of gene therapy for hearing restoration. The book begins by bringing attention to how hearing loss affects the individual and society. Methods of hearing loss detection and management throughout the lifespan are highlighted as is a particularly new development in newborn hearing screening. The challenges of hearing loss, an extremely heterogeneous impairment, are addressed. Additional topics include current research interests, ranging from novel gene identification to their functional validation in the mouse and zebrafish. The book ends with a chapter on the state of the art of gene therapy—an area that is certain to gain increasing attention as molecular mechanisms of deafness are better understood. Genetics of Deafness, written by leading authors in the field, is a must read for clinicians, researchers, and students. It provides much needed insight into the diagnosis and research of hereditary hearing loss.
Download or read book Night Noise Guidelines for Europe written by Charlotte Hurtley and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2009 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WHO Regional Office for Europe set up a working group of experts to provide scientific advice to the Member States for the development of future legislation and policy action in the area of assessment and control of night noise exposure. The working group reviewed available scientific evidence on the health effects of night noise, and derived health-based guideline values. In December 2006, the working group and stakeholders from industry, government and nongovernmental organizations reviewed and reached general agreement on the guideline values and key texts for the final document of the "Night noise guidelines for Europe". Considering the scientific evidence on the thresholds of night noise exposure indicated by "Lnight,outside" [L suffix night,outside] as defined in the Environmental Noise Directive (2002/49/EC), an Lnight, outside of 40 dB should be the target of the night noise guideline (NNG) to protect the public, including the most vulnerable groups such as children, the chronically ill and the elderly. "Lnight,outside" value of 55 dB is recommended as an interim target for the countries where the NNG cannot be achieved in the short term for various reasons, and where policy-makers choose to adopt a stepwise approach. These guidelines are applicable to the Member States of the European Region, and may be considered as an extension to, as well as an update of, the previous WHO "Guidelines for community noise" (1999). [Ed.]
Download or read book Progressive Tinnitus Management written by James Henry and published by Plural Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying DVD contains ... "'Managing your tinnitus.'"--P. vi.
Download or read book Schuknecht s Pathology of the Ear written by Saumil N. Merchant and published by PMPH-USA. This book was released on 2010 with total page 970 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a dedicated text to learn pathologic images seen during EUS. The digital anatomy correlation used in this work is the natural continuation of efforts to apply the University of Colorado Visible Human data set to gastroenterology. The Visible Human data set was created by Dr. Vic Spitzer and colleagues at the University of Colorado and is currently housed at the universitys Center for Human Simulation. The data set consists of high resolution transaxial digital images captured as cadavers were abraded away at 1 mm or less depths. These images are compiled into blocks of data and each structure is identified. This information can be used to pull out and manipulate 3-D structures as well as allowing one to review planar anatomy in any orientation. Using the Visible Human dataset, one should be able to find a normal anatomy correlate to any image found during a EUS examination. However, as important as normal anatomy is, it is the abnormal features which are the crux of an EUS examination. Endosonographers are asked to define lumps, bumps, cysts to find correlates for symptoms and abnormal laboratory findings. Accuracy requires a tremendous amount of skill and experience. To help in this task, we have assembled chapters from a world-wide group of expert endosonographers. These authors have shared their insight and images to help the readers of this work better see and understand some of the complexities uncovered during a EUS evaluation. DVD showing techniques for removal of human temporal bones.
Download or read book Small Wars Manual written by United States. Marine Corps and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drinking Water and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most recent volume in the Drinking Water and Health series contains the results of a two-part study on the toxicity of drinking water contaminants. The first part examines current practices in risk assessment, identifies new noncancerous toxic responses to chemicals found in drinking water, and discusses the use of pharmacokinetic data to estimate the delivered dose and response. The second part of the book provides risk assessments for 14 specific compounds, 9 presented here for the first time.
Download or read book EPA 550 9 written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Violence at Work written by Duncan Chappell and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence at work, ranging from bullying and mobbing, to threats by psychologically unstable co-workers, sexual harassment and homicide, is increasing worldwide and has reached epidemic levels in some countries. This updated and revised edition looks at the full range of aggressive acts, offers new information on their occurrence and identifies occupations and situations at particular risk. It is organised in three sections: understanding violence at work; responding to violence at work; future action.
Download or read book Geriatric Emergency Medicine written by Joseph H. Kahn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-01-16 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume provides a practical framework for evaluation, management and disposition of this growing vulnerable patient population.
Download or read book Public Health and Welfare Criteria for Noise July 27 1973 written by United States. Office of Noise Abatement and Control and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
