Download or read book Alcohol Immunity and Cancer written by Raz Yirmiya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-11-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic alcoholism afflicts approximately 7% of the adult population of the United States and an even larger proportion in some other countries. Among the most devastating health problems associated with alcoholism are increased morbidity and mortality from infections and cancer. Alcohol, Immunity, and Cancer is the first book devoted entirely to presenting up-to-date comprehensive reviews on how the deleterious effects of alcohol consumption impact the immune system and increase the risk of developing many types of cancer. Topics covered include the effects of alcohol on cytokine activity, the modulation of natural killer cell activity by alcohol, fetal alcohol exposure and immunity, alcohol and hepatic carcinogenesis, and alcohol and cancer of the pancreas. Alcohol, Immunity, and Cancer will be invaluable for immunologists, pathologists, toxicologists, microbiologists, biochemists, endocrinologists, and neuroscientists interested in alcohol research. It will also benefit medical experts and general practitioners who need to know the role alcohol may play in the health and disease of their patients.
Download or read book Biological Basis of Alcohol Induced Cancer written by Vasilis Vasiliou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-26 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the recent years, a significant amount of research has emerged connecting the link between alcohol and cancer. The field has rapidly advanced, especially since the complex connection between alcohol and cancer has several unique sub areas that are being investigated. This proceedings volume will contain chapters based upon the presentation of the 2nd International Conference on Alcohol and Cancer in Colorado, 2013. The various topics explore the affects of alcohol on: liver and breast cancer; cell signaling and cancer; stem cells; biomarkers and metabolomics; aerodigestive cancers; cancer and the immune system and more.
Download or read book Alcohol and Cancer written by Samir Zakhari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-23 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Health Organization has identified chronic alcohol consumption as one of the top ten risk factors for worldwide burden of disease. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has identified alcohol as carcinogenic to humans, including cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract, colon, liver and breast. Alcohol’s actions may be direct e.g. effects on retinoic acid and one-carbon metabolism, or indirect, through metabolites such as acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species or through various signaling pathways that influence cell cycle and apoptosis that may contribute to carcinogenesis. This report reviews the state of the art in alcohol-related cancer research in ten chapters.
Download or read book Alcohol and Cancer written by Ronald R. Watson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-05-22 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol clearly plays key roles in the promotion of cancers initiated by carcinogens. Thus, it is a major cause or significant contributing factor to many cancers. Ethanol affects the metabolism of anticancer drugs. It significantly contributes to viral hepatitis and liver cancer. In addition it modulates colorectal carcinogenesis, procarcinogen activation and risk of oral cancers. The mechanisms of ethanol's actions in carcinogen activation, and alcohol-related cancers are extensively reviewed. This book is designed for the researcher trying to understand how alcohol causes cancer, as well as the clinician/epidemiologist wishing to know more about its role in human cancer incidence.
Download or read book Effects of Alcohol Use on Immunity and Immune Responses written by Suhas Sureshchandra and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-29 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant global health burden. Globally alcohol misuse is the fifth leading risk factor for premature death and disability, and accounts for ~3.3 million deaths annually. Chronic alcohol use deleteriously affects both normal behavior (e.g., depression, anxiety, and alcohol craving) and physiology (e.g., oxidative stress, intestinal hyperpermeability, immune dysfunction, and organ damage). Both heavy and binge drinking patterns alter immune frequencies, compromise immune cell function, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Alcohol misuse can damage barrier functions in vital organs such as the lungs, gut, increase susceptibility to both bacterial and viral infections but delay wound healing. Chronic alcoholics are also at a greater risk of developing Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and certain cancers. A lot of progress has been made in elucidating the relationship between alcohol consumption and immune function and how it affects human health. However, the mechanisms by which alcohol and its metabolites interacts with peripheral and tissue-resident immune systems remain poorly defined. Defining specific systemic adaptations and molecular mechanisms is important for understanding the long-term consequences of chronic alcohol use. These studies will help devise new interventions or refine existing ones to target the immune system in mitigating alcohol-related diseases. The aim of this Research Topic is to bring together new research in the alcohol field exploring the broad molecular and cellular adaptations of binge and heavy drinking on peripheral and tissue immunity. Studies would ideally include a combination of in vitro cell line models and in vivo animal models, and/or human studies of alcohol-induced end-organ damage mediated by dysregulated immune responses. Papers in this Research Topic could be used to identify complementary mechanisms and pathways that may be the focus of future therapeutic strategies. We encourage the submission of Original Research articles, as well as Reviews, Mini-Reviews, and Perspectives covering the following or related topics: 1. Innate and adaptive immune adaptations with moderate and heavy drinking. 2. Transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms of alcohol-associated immune dysfunction 3. Alcohol-microbiome cross-talk and its role on immune function. 4. Alcohol and tissue immunity – impact on barrier function, immune-stromal cell crosstalk. 5. Alcohol and immune responses to vaccines and infections. 6. Impact of alcohol on immune metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction 7. Sex differences in the impact of heavy drinking on immune responses. 8. Organ-organ interactions and immunity o Gut-Lung-Liver axis o Gut-brain axis o Liver-brain axis
Download or read book The Influence of Chronic Alcohol Consumption on Invariant Natural Killer T Cells written by Faya Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic alcohol consumption increases the incidence of infectious diseases and multiple types of cancer and decreases the survival of cancer patients, which is associated with a compromised host immune system. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are an important population of immunoregulatory cells and play important roles in shaping immune response in infectious diseases and cancers. However, the knowledge of alcohol's effects on iNKT cells is very limited. Using a well-established experimental mouse model, we found that alcohol consumption in the steady state increases iNKT cells in the thymus and liver, enhances iNKT cell proliferation, activation and maturation. Upon activation, iNKT cells exhibit a Th1-dominant cytokine profile, and enhance Th1 response evidenced by the enhanced activation of dendritic cells, NK, T, and B cells, which favors anti-tumor immunity. In addition, alcohol consumption increases the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR3 on iNKT cells in the thymus, which could be associated with increased thymic retention of iNKT cells. Moreover, alcohol consumption increases inhibitory receptor NKG2A-expressing iNKT cells, which could be a negative feedback mechanism to prevent iNKT cell over-activation. In contrast to the steady state, with tumor progression alcohol consumption accelerates iNKT cell anergy and switches iNKT cell cytokine profile from Th1-dominant to Th2-dominant, which favors tumor progression and decreases the survival of melanoma-bearing mice. In subsequent mechanistic studies, we show that alcohol consumption increases C16-alkenyl-LPE, an endogenous lipid antigen important for iNKT cell development, in the thymus. This finding supports our hypothesis that alcohol consumption influences iNKT cells by altering their endogenous lipid antigens in the thymus. We further show that TNF-alpha, but not IFN-gamma, mediates the alcohol-induced increase of NKG2A+ iNKT in the thymus and spleen and the alcohol-induced increase of CXCR3+ iNKT in the thymus. In summary, chronic alcohol consumption enhances iNKT cell proliferation, activation and maturation via increasing endogenous lipid antigens, which not only enhances iNKT cell Th1 response and favors antitumor immunity, it also predisposes iNKT cells to accelerated immunosenescence. Crosstalk with melanoma, alcohol accelerates iNKT cells anergy and favors tumor progression. TNF-a may play the key role in alcohol-induced increase in CXCR3+ and NKG2A+ iNKT cells.
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book I ll Have a Double written by Juliana Hastings and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2024-08-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It might be shocking and humbling to learn that a nice glass of Pinot Noir at the end of a stressful day can be related to cancer activity, but this book is a brave and honest eye-opener about self-sabotage by women diagnosed with breast cancer. Juliana Hastings takes women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer (or are concerned about the potential for a future diagnosis) on a journey of self-assessment to acknowledge the degree to which they are creating a hospitable environment in their bodies for the disease to recur. The book is bracing, instructive, and inspiring. It explains the causal relationship between alcohol and breast cancer, and the cancer-related effects of consumption choices regarding sugar, processed foods, and preservatives. It's mind-opening to understand the science that explains the connection. In simple, relatable language, the book distills decades of research papers from universities and medical research centers the world over in a way that will convince even those who are most reluctant to recognize the links between lifestyle choices and breast cancer. There is also great hope and inspiration: the choices that leave doors open for cancer cell growth are reversible. Besides the benefits of better lifestyle, food and beverage consumption habits, Juliana shares the science proving that exercise can reduce tumor burden and minimize metastasis. A healthy diet, sans alcohol, with a dose of daily exercise is your prescription for your life fight...and it is a fight! The fight is never over, so survivor women must fight the fight for the rest of their lives. Fight the probability of recurrence, fight the cancer catalysts over which they have control and fight to stay alive. It feels good to do so too! Juliana can conduct the journey because she has lived it. She was diagnosed with a rare form of papillary carcinoma and quickly learned that the medical complex standard-of-care comprises some combination of surgery, radiation, and/or immunotherapeutic pharmaceuticals, followed by a life overshadowed by the mathematics of probability of recurrence calculations. Each journey is different, but the strategy for thriving can be the same. In her individual case, the estrogen and progesterone receptors were negative, so there was no drug to help minimize her probability of recurrence, which can be as high as 40% depending on the type of cancer. Juliana's fell in the high percentage category. She chose double mastectomy surgery - hence the book's title, I'll Have A Double - knowing that, afterwards, her fight to survive was 100% up to her. Even women with positive receptors should adopt the mindset and actions that prevent recurrence. Every woman should see the fight against breast cancer as 100% their own responsibility. Just because you are eligible for immunotherapy does not mean you can relax and think you are in the clear. This beast comes back 10, 15, 20 years from original diagnosis. There is no sense of security. So, how do you fight to prevent your cancer from coming back? While there are no guarantees, your own choices can make your immune system stronger in fending off cancer. Juliana shows women how to honestly assess their diet, drinking, and lifestyle habits to create less hospitable internal and external environments to cancer. Women can avoid going back to old pre-diagnosis and pre-treatment ways of a glass of wine or two 4-5 nights a week, a diet high in sugar, processed foods, and stress. Juliana shows women a better way that's perfectly achievable and comes with the added benefit of self-care and self-reliance.
Download or read book The Genetics of Alcoholism written by Henri Begleiter and published by Alcohol and Alcoholism. This book was released on 1995 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an in-depth look at the genetic influences that contribute to the development of alcoholism. Part I: Epidemiologic Studies contains five chapters that examine the various approaches employed in the study of the genetics of alcoholism. It provides a historical perspectiveand details all the essentials of this subject. Part II: Selective Breeding Studies highlights the results of research involving the selective breeding of rodents. This type of research has produced homogenous strains exhibiting specific behavioral responses considered significant in thedevelopment and maintenance of alcohol dependence. The studies presented in Part III: Phenotypic Studies investigate and analyze phenotypic markers that serve as correlates to the genotypic determinants of alcoholism. Through its broad scope, this volume provides for the first time a panoramic viewof the knowledge available on the hereditary influences of alcoholism.
Download or read book Human Oral Mucosa written by Christopher Squier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-29 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Oral Mucosa: Development, Structure and Function is a new text that reflects the considerable increase in knowledge of oral mucosa that has occurred in recent years. Our understanding of the structure of oral mucosa is now established at a molecular rather than a tissue or cellular level. This in turn has revealed a level of function that was previously not suspected, including a sophisticated barrier to the penetration of exogenous materials, and the synthesis of specific antimicrobial compounds, representing components of the innate immune system. There is also a growing realization of commonality in structure and function between regions of oral mucosa and the mucosae of the esophagus and vagina. The aim of the present volume is to provide a more sophisticated text on human oral mucosa than presently exists in textbooks and to bring together information that is otherwise to be found in separate, specialist volumes into a comprehensive text. It relates structure at the molecular, cellular and tissue level to function and to clinical behavior. The volume is directed to advanced students and researchers in oral biology, as well as those in allied areas of investigation, such as dermatology, gynecology, internal medicine and pathology.
Download or read book Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health 2018 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report provides an overview of alcohol consumption and harms in relation to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (Chapter 1) presents global strategies action plans and monitoring frameworks (Chapter 2) gives detailed information on: the consumption of alcohol in populations (Chapter 3); the health consequences of alcohol consumption (Chapter 4); and policy responses at national level (Chapter 5). In its final chapter 6 the imperative for reducing harmful use of alcohol in a public health perspective is presented. In addition the report contains country profiles for WHO Member States and appendices with statistical annexes a description of the data sources and methods used to produce the estimates and references.
Download or read book Alcohol Infectious Diseases and Immunity written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-05-01 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers alcohol and the immune system, fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol and tuberculosis, viral hepatitis and alcoholism, the potential role of alcohol in HIV infection, alcohol and increased behavioral risk for AIDS, alcohol and bacterial pneumonia, alcohol and cancer, and alcohol, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Graphs, charts, color photos and drawings.
Download or read book Alcohol in the European Union written by Peter Anderson and published by Emro Publication. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At head of title: World Health Organization, regional office for Europe.
Download or read book A Review of Human Carcinogens written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Conference and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Download or read book The Emperor of All Maladies written by Siddhartha Mukherjee and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2011-08-09 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Pulitzer Prize and a documentary from Ken Burns on PBS, this New York Times bestseller is “an extraordinary achievement” (The New Yorker)—a magnificent, profoundly humane “biography” of cancer—from its first documented appearances thousands of years ago through the epic battles in the twentieth century to cure, control, and conquer it to a radical new understanding of its essence. Physician, researcher, and award-winning science writer, Siddhartha Mukherjee examines cancer with a cellular biologist’s precision, a historian’s perspective, and a biographer’s passion. The result is an astonishingly lucid and eloquent chronicle of a disease humans have lived with—and perished from—for more than five thousand years. The story of cancer is a story of human ingenuity, resilience, and perseverance, but also of hubris, paternalism, and misperception. Mukherjee recounts centuries of discoveries, setbacks, victories, and deaths, told through the eyes of his predecessors and peers, training their wits against an infinitely resourceful adversary that, just three decades ago, was thought to be easily vanquished in an all-out “war against cancer.” The book reads like a literary thriller with cancer as the protagonist. Riveting, urgent, and surprising, The Emperor of All Maladies provides a fascinating glimpse into the future of cancer treatments. It is an illuminating book that provides hope and clarity to those seeking to demystify cancer.
Download or read book Almost Alcoholic written by Joseph Nowinski and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-03-13 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Determine if your drinking is a problem, develop strategies for curbing your intake, and measure your progress with this practical, engaging guide to taking care of yourself. Every day, millions of people drink a beer or two while watching a game, shake a cocktail at a party with friends, or enjoy a glass of wine with a good meal. For more than 30 percent of these drinkers, alcohol has begun to have a negative impact on their everyday lives. Yet, only a small number are true alcoholics--people who have completely lost control over their drinking and who need alcohol to function. The great majority are what Dr. Doyle and Dr. Nowinski call "Almost Alcoholics," a growing number of people whose excessive drinking contributes to a variety of problems in their lives. In Almost Alcoholic, Dr. Doyle and Dr. Nowinski give the facts and guidance needed to address this often unrecognized and devastating condition. They provide the tools to: identify and assess your patterns of alcohol use; evaluate its impact on your relationships, work, and personal well-being; develop strategies and goals for changing the amount and frequency of alcohol use; measure the results of applying these strategies; and make informed decisions about your next steps.
