Download or read book Albania Selected Issues written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Albania written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-12-09 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Albania: Selected Issues
Download or read book Albania Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix written by International Monetary Fund and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2005-03-10 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix paper examines the issue of dollarization in Albania against the background of rapidly evolving banking, policy and prudential systems, and of growing importance of monetary policy as a tool for demand management. The period covered is 1998-the immediate aftermath of the pyramid scheme collapse-to the present, which is a period of impressive, though gradual, transformation rather than of abrupt structural changes. The paper also analyzes the poverty situation in Albania, and discusses the poverty alleviation mechanisms that have worked.
Download or read book Albania written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper aims to determine how much of the economic slowdown of Albania is owing to cyclical conditions and how much to a reduction in potential growth. The analysis shows that average growth in 2009–14 dropped by 3.2 percentage points relative to 1997–2008, of which 2.8 percentage points are due to lower potential growth. Albania has significant potential to improve its export competitiveness. However, Albania’s competitiveness has shown narrow improvements over the past five years, with weak productivity growth and continued concentration in low-skilled labor-intensive sectors with limited value added. This paper also explores the factors underpinning Albania’s relatively low level of general government revenues.
Download or read book Albania written by Hiroyuki Yamada and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Albania Selected Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Albania written by Hongsung Moon and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Albania
Download or read book Albania Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Republic of Kosovo written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper on Kosovo discusses various challenges and opportunities in the public infrastructure domain. Given the very low initial stocks, largely due to the sharp depletion of capital stock during the conflicts in the 1990s, higher investment rates are needed. The resources available from international development partners, including the European Union (EU), the European Investment Bank and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, are a unique opportunity to leverage and accelerate the implementation of priority projects. Strengthening Kosovo’s investment framework is key to achieving this objective. Kosovo faces significant public infrastructure gaps, which constrain private sector development. Scaling-up public investment will raise gross domestic product growth potential and accelerate income convergence toward the EU average level. The priority project list has helped the authorities to prioritize plans and facilitate the discussions and negotiations with donors and International Financial Institutions (IFI). However, implementation so far has been modest, despite the new investment clause of the fiscal rule exempting IFI-financed projects from the deficit ceiling.
Download or read book Republic of Kosovo written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-07-23 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper on the Republic of Kosovo’s 2013 Article IV Consultation highlights growth and Kosovo’s external environment. In the wake of the global financial crisis, Kosovo’s economic growth slowed but remained positive, while most other Western Balkans slipped into recession. Moreover, the annual average growth rate has been among the highest in the Western Balkans since the onset of the financial crisis in 2007. Kosovo’s tax-to-GDP ratio is comparable to the average of Southeastern Europe, although its tax system relies significantly more on indirect taxation—including a high share of trade taxes. Kosovo’s reliance on trade taxes may create budgetary pressures in the event of further trade liberalization.
Download or read book Albania written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview begins with sections on the geography & population of Albania and its recent history from 1992 to 1997. Section 3 describes events in 1998, including political developments, major national security incidents, events leading to prime minister Nano's resignation, effects of the conflict in neighbouring Kosovo, and the general security situation in the country. Section 4 discusses human rights issues under the Nano government, such as blood feuds, politically motivated violence or repression, and treatment of minorities. The final section reviews legal reforms and efforts to address security issues in Albania.
Download or read book Albania written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-12-13 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores Albania’s current account (CA) deficit that improved in 2016, but remains sizable. The EBA-Lite model results indicate that the external position is moderately weaker than implied by fundamentals and desirable policy settings. Adjusting for Albania’s specific circumstances, the current account gap is estimated at -1.0 percent and the real effective exchange rate is overvalued by about 6 percent, reflecting Albania’s low national saving and large FDI inflows. Though Albania has benefitted from the recent tourism boom in the region, the outlook for exports remains challenging. Despite its cost competitiveness, exports are narrowly concentrated in a few low-value added sectors while new investments in the nonenergy tradable sector are limited. To close Albania’s competitiveness gap and strengthen its external position, the authorities should complete key infrastructure projects to reduce transportation costs and address energy sector reliability; increase domestic savings; improve governance and the rule of law; and raise labor market efficiency by reducing skills shortages.
Download or read book Bosnia and Herzegovina written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-28 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper analyzes government spending in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The size of the public sector in BiH is one of the largest in the region, owing mainly to a complex and highly decentralized governance structure. BiH spends a greater share of public resources on current spending items, notably on wages and social transfers. Moreover, poorly targeted social benefits generate adverse incentives with respect to informality and labor force participation. To enhance economic growth, BiH will need to refocus its spending and increase its efficiency, chiefly on spending on human and physical capital.
Download or read book Honduras written by International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper looks at revenue mobilization efforts in Honduras. The country has made considerable progress over the last years, helping to stabilize its fiscal position. Although tax revenue collection ratios in Honduras are high, the statutory rates are aligned with regional peers. A formal benchmarking exercise supports the evidence pointing to Honduras’s relatively good collection performance. The authorities’ future revenue mobilization strategy should prioritize reforms aiming at increasing efficiency and compliance. The cost-benefit assessment of existing tax exemptions in terms of their policy objectives may offer guiding principles to prioritize reforms going forward. Compared to peers, statutory tax rates are similar and tax collection ratios are generally higher—a benchmarking exercise suggests that the current revenue envelope is close to its frontier. Going forward, there is a need to sustain revenue mobilization efforts, which will be instrumental to maintaining a sound fiscal position, reducing the infrastructure gap, and increasing social spending. Rationalizing large tax expenditures could contribute to these efforts.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper analyzes export competitiveness in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYR Macedonia). Export performance in FYR Macedonia has been strong over the last decade, critically contributing to overall growth. Exports have been re-oriented toward new products with higher technological content, allowing for the build-up of revealed comparative advantages in these products. The analysis based on Constant Market Share analysis shows that the overall competitiveness gap of FYR Macedonia with respect to other emerging European countries has narrowed. There appears to be significant room for quality improvement, including for the most successful export products. Although the contribution of exports to GDP growth has been significant, spillover into the domestic tradable sector from the foreign investment led export sector remains limited so far.
