Download or read book Aksum and Nubia written by George Hatke and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2013-01-07 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aksum and Nubia assembles and analyzes the textual and archaeological evidence of interaction between Nubia and the Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum, focusing primarily on the fourth century CE. Although ancient Nubia and Ethiopia have been the subject of a growing number of studies in recent years, little attention has been given to contact between these two regions. Hatke argues that ancient Northeast Africa cannot be treated as a unified area politically, economically, or culturally. Rather, Nubia and Ethiopia developed within very different regional spheres of interaction, as a result of which the Nubian kingdom of Kush came to focus its energies on the Nile Valley, relying on this as its main route of contact with the outside world, while Aksum was oriented towards the Red Sea and Arabia. In this way Aksum and Kush coexisted in peace for most of their history, and such contact as they maintained with each other was limited to small-scale commerce. Only in the fourth century CE did Aksum take up arms against Kush, and even then the conflict seems to have been related mainly to security issues on Aksum’s western frontier. Although Aksum never managed to hold onto Kush for long, much less dealt the final death-blow to the Nubian kingdom, as is often believed, claims to Kush continued to play a role in Aksumite royal ideology as late as the sixth century. Aksum and Nubia critically examines the extent to which relations between two ancient African states were influenced by warfare, commerce, and political fictions. Online edition available as part of the NYU Library's Ancient World Digital Library and in partnership with the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World (ISAW).
Download or read book Foundations of an African Civilization written by D. W. Phillipson and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2014 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Focuses on the Aksumite state of the first millennium AD in northern Ethiopia and southern Eritrea, its development, florescence and eventual transformation into the so-called medieval civilisation of Christian Ethiopia. This book seeks to apply a common methodology, utilising archaeology, art-history, written documents and oral tradition from a wide variety of sources; the result is a far greater emphasis on continuity than previous studies have revealed. It is thus a major re-interpretation of a key development in Ethiopia's past, while raising and discussing methodological issues of the relationship between archaeology and other historical disciplines; these issues, which have theoretical significance extending far beyond Ethiopia, are discussed in full. The last millennium BC is seen as a time when northern Ethiopia and parts of Eritrea were inhabited by farming peoples whose ancestry may be traced far back into the local 'Late Stone Age'. Colonisation from southern Arabia, to which defining importance has been attached by earlier researchers, is now seen to have been brief in duration and small in scale, its effects largely restricted to ľite sections of the community. Re-consideration of inscriptions shows the need to abandon the established belief in a single 'Pre-Aksumite' state. New evidence for the rise of Aksum during the last centuries BC is critically evaluated. Finally, new chronological precision is provided for the decline of Aksum and the transfer of centralised political authority to more southerly regions. A new study of the ancient churches - both built and rock-hewn - which survive from this poorly-understood period emphasises once again a strong degree of continuity across periods that were previously regarded as distinct."--Publisher's website.
Download or read book Ancient Ethiopia written by D. W. Phillipson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the first seven centuries AD there arose at Aksum in the highlands of northern Ethiopia, a unique African culture which has been described as the last of the great civilizations of antiquity to be revealed to modern knowledge. Although its monuments have long been known, their full significance has only recently been recognized. Ancient Aksum maintained a wide-ranging international trade and produced unparalleled coinage in gold, silver and copper. Its kings adopted Christianity in the 4th century AD and the Christian civilization of the Ethiopian highlands traces its origins to Aksumite roots. This text, based on the author's field research, presents an illustrated account of Aksumite civilization of the Ethiopian highlands, tracing its origins to Aksumite roots.
Download or read book Axum written by I︠U︡riĭ Mikhaĭlovich Kobishchanov and published by Penn State University Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its publication in the Soviet Union this work has been highly praised by historians and archaeologists around the world. This English translation now makes it available to a wider audience. The author worked closely with the editor and translator, adding much new material, to make this an expanded and revised edition, not just a translation. It is now the most up-to-date and authoritative work available in any language on the history and culture of the Axumite civilization of highland Ethiopia. The Axumites played a major role in trade between the classical world of the Mediterranean and countries bordering the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. With its origins in the civilization of South Arabia, the Axumite Kingdom evolved by the fourth century AD, into one of the most powerful states in contact with the classical world. It took a thousand years for the Axumite Kingdom to run its course. Although it collapsed with the onset of the Medieval period, it profoundly affected the more recent history of Ethiopia. Kobishchanov covers such major topics as political history, political and economic organization, ideology, and the social system. The section on political history reveals unexpected and fascinating details regarding relations between Axum and such major powers as Rome, Byzantium, and Persia. He vividly reports the military expeditions which enabled Axum to carve out an empire extending from Nubia to Somalia, and South Arabia to southern Ethiopia--by which Axum secured total hegemony over the southern half of the Red Sea. With a broad anthropological perspective, the author reconstructs from ancient historical texts the structure and functioning of Axumite culture. In addition to adding new material to various parts of the book, the author has prepared a special appendix which critically discusses the documentary sources available to Axumite scholars. A special feature of the volume is Michels's introductory essay on Axumite archaeology which not only summarizes seventy-five years of excavations but also reports the recent efforts at archaeological interpretation. This book will prove to be of major interest to all concerned with Ancient and Near Eastern History, African history, African archaeology, and Black studies.
Download or read book Aksum written by D. W. Phillipson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Monuments of Aksum written by Enno Littmann and published by British Institute in Eastern Africa. This book was released on 1997 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ancient Ethiopian capital at Aksum in Tigray is one of Africa's most spectacular archaeological sites. During the first seven centuries AD, it was the metropolis of a major civilisation whose influence extended far beyond its homeland. The first and only comprehensive attempt at recording Aksum's monuments - huge carved stelae, the foundations of elaborate stone palaces, and underground tombs - was made in 1906 by the Deutsche Aksum-Expedition and the results were published in 1913. This book is a translation of their report, now extremely rare, with a chapter on more recent discoveries.
Download or read book Aksoum Ethiopia written by Hiluf Berhe Woldeyohannes and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aksum is the capital of ancient Aksumite Kingdom and one of the most important archaeological site in Ethiopia. It has been registered on World Heritage List in 1980. Its archaeological and cultural heritage continues to be a victim of urbanization, development, erosion and deposition. Despite increased awareness and issues within the field of archaeology, the destruction of archaeological and cultural heritage sites of Aksum has been staggering. Although considered as an outstanding universal heritage site, very little focused cultural heritage management has been undertaken in Aksum. All archaeological excavations conducted thus far in Aksum focused on unearthing elite tombs and palaces. Both acts of destruction are relevant to current research on the cultural heritage management aspect in Aksum in general. This research provides an analysis of the destruction of the archaeological and heritage sites and monuments in Aksum based on ancient documents, archaeological excavations and field observation. It examines the extent the sites have been excavated, documented and preserved. Three sites have been selected for case study for the present research. The research revealed that the archaeological and heritage sites in Aksum have been deeply affected by urbanization in general. Evidently, the absence of integrated development planning by the municipality, lack of professionals in the field of archaeology and lack of public education have contributed significantly to the loss of the archaeological record. This thesis attempts to evaluate the current state of documentation and preservation of the cultural heritage resource in Aksum.
Download or read book A Welcome in Axum written by Jane Kurtz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Northern Ethiopia was the home to an ancient, powerful city and a kingdom called Axum. It was ruled by a king and nobles with maybe about 20,000 farmers and craftspeople who had their own system of writing, coins and agriculture. Ships went out from Axum to trade with many other countries. Meanwhile, people from Egypt, southern Arabia, Europe and Asia came to visit and sometimes live. A Persian writer described Axum as one of the four greatest powers in the world at the time--along with Persia, Rome and China."--Amazon.com.
Download or read book Using Stone Tools written by Laurel Phillipson and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2009 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an introduction by Professor Rodolfo Fattovich. Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 77 Series Editors: John Alexander, Laurence Smith and Timothy Insoll.
Download or read book Ancient Settlement Patterns in the Area of Aksum Tigray Northern Ethiopia Ca 900 BCE 800 850 CE written by Luisa Sernicola and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Englishversion of the author's PhD dissertation, revised and updated in the light ofthe latest research and interpretation, aims to reconstruct thesettlement pattern of the area of Aksum between the early 1stmillennium BCE and the late 1st millennium CE. It describes thefield strategies employed during surveys conducted at Aksum in 2005 and 2006and the procedures that were adopted for the interpretation and chronologicalclassification of the surface archaeological records. It also provides anupdated assessment of the archaeological area of Aksum, including an overviewof the taphonomic processes affecting the preservation of archaeological sites,and presents the results of the statistical and spatial analysis undertaken forthe reconstruction of the ancient settlement pattern and for the investigationof the ancient dynamics of human-environmental interactions in the area.
Download or read book The Exploitation of Plant Resources in Ancient Africa written by Marijke van der Veen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a completely new and very substantial body of information about the origin of agriculture and plant use in Africa. All the evidence is very recent and for the first time all this archaeobotanical evidence is brought together in one volume (at present the information is unpublished or published in many disparate journals, confer ence reports, monographs, site reports, etc. ). Early publications concerned with the origins of African plant domestication relied almost exclusively on inferences made from the modem distribution of the wild progenitors of African cultivars; there existed virtually no archaeobotanical data at that time. Even as recently as the early 1990s direct evidence for the transition to farming and the relative roles of indigenous versus Near Eastern crops was lacking for most of Africa. This volume changes that and presents a wide range of ex citing new evidence, including case studies from Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Uganda, Egypt, and Sudan, which range in date from 8000 BP to the present day. The volume ad dresses topics such as the role of wild plant resources in hunter-gatherer and farming com munities, the origins of agriculture, the agricultural foundation of complex societies, long-distance trade, the exchange of foods and crops, and the human impact on local vege tation-all key issues of current research in archaeology, anthropology, agronomy, ecol ogy, and economic history.
Download or read book Ethiopia written by Ben Parker and published by Oxfam. This book was released on 2003 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This outstanding series provides concise and lively introductions to countries and the major development issues they face. Packed full of factual information, photographs and maps, the guides also focus on ordinary people and the impact that historical, economic and environmental issues have on their lives.
Download or read book A Welcome in Axum written by Jane Kurtz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Northern Ethiopia was the home to an ancient, powerful city and a kingdom called Axum. It was ruled by a king and nobles with maybe about 20,000 farmers and craftspeople who had their own system of writing, coins and agriculture. Ships went out from Axum to trade with many other countries. Meanwhile, people from Egypt, southern Arabia, Europe and Asia came to visit and sometimes live. A Persian writer described Axum as one of the four greatest powers in the world at the time--along with Persia, Rome and China."--Amazon.com.
Download or read book Aksum written by Joseph W. Michels and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is an abridged version of the book CHANGING SETTLEMENT PATTERNS IN THE AKSUM-YEHA REGION OF ETHIOPIA: 700 BCAD 850 written by the author and published in 2005 in the Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology Series by British Archaeological Reports (BAR) of Oxford, United Kingdom. Most of the books methodological and technical sections have been removed in order for the reader to more easily focus on the main theme of the work, namely how the study of the settlement history of a single region can reveal the ways in which a society adapts to changing conditions over the course of a thousand years. From a scatter of simple hamlets and villages, Ancient Aksum evolved into a formidable mercantile state that, for a time, controlled much of the trade at the southern end of the Red Sea. Then, as circumstances changed, Aksum went into decline, its urban center contracting then disappearing. The historical trajectory of Aksum as discussed in this work offers a textbook example of political change: from egalitarian hamlets, the Aksumites organized themselves into an increasingly prominent local chiefdom, then into a kingdom, and eventually into a state.
Download or read book Changing Settlement Patterns in the Aksum Yeha Region of Ethiopia written by Joseph W. Michels and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2005 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 64 Series Editors: John Alexander and Laurence Smith
Download or read book The Coinage of Aksum written by Stuart C. Munro-Hay and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
