Download or read book Akhenaten and the Religion of Light written by Erik Hornung and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Akhenaten, also known as Amenhotep IV, was king of Egypt during the Eighteenth Dynasty and reigned from 1375 to 1358 B.C. E. Called the "religious revolutionary," he is the earliest known creator of a new religion. The cult he founded broke with Egypt's traditional polytheism and focused its worship on a single deity, the sun god Aten. Erik Hornung, one of the world's preeminent Egyptologists, here offers a concise and accessible account of Akhenaten and his religion of light.Hornung begins with a discussion of the nineteenth-century scholars who laid the foundation for our knowledge of Akhenaten's period and extends to the most recent archaeological finds. He emphasizes that Akhenaten's monotheistic theology represented the first attempt in history to explain the entire natural and human world on the basis of a single principle. "Akhenaten made light the absolute reference point," Hornung writes, "and it is astonishing how clearly and consistently he pursued this concept." Hornung also addresses such topics as the origins of the new religion; pro-found changes in beliefs regarding the afterlife; and the new Egyptian capital at Akhetaten which was devoted to the service of Aten, his prophet Akhenaten, and the latter's family.
Download or read book From Light Into Darkness written by Stephen Mehler and published by SCB Distributors. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the esoteric information first revealed in Land of Osiris, this exciting book presents more of Abd'El Hakim's oral traditions, with radical new interpretations of how religion evolved in prehistoric and dynastic Khemit, or Egypt. * Have popular modern religions developed out of practices in ancient Egypt? * Did religion in Egypt represent only a shadow of the spiritual practices of prehistoric people? * Have the Western Mystery Schools such as the Rosicrucian Order evolved from these ancient systems? * Author Mehler explores the teachings of the King Akhenaten and the real Moses, the true identity of the Hyksos, and Akhenaten’s connections to The Exodus, Judaism and the Rosicrucian Order. Here for the first time in the West, are the spiritual teachings of the ancient Khemitians, the foundation for the coming new cycle of consciousness—The Awakening; more.
Download or read book Akhenaten and Tutankhamun written by David P. Silverman and published by UPenn Museum of Archaeology. This book was released on 2006-11-07 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Amarna Period, named after the site of an innovative capital city that was the center of the new religion, included the reigns of heretic Pharaoh Akhenaten and his presumed son, the boy king Tutankhamun.
Download or read book Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism written by James K. Hoffmeier and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharaoh Akhenaten, who reigned for seventeen years in the fourteenth century B.C.E, is one of the most intriguing rulers of ancient Egypt. His odd appearance and his preoccupation with worshiping the sun disc Aten have stimulated academic discussion and controversy for more than a century. Despite the numerous books and articles about this enigmatic figure, many questions about Akhenaten and the Atenism religion remain unanswered. In Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism, James K. Hoffmeier argues that Akhenaten was not, as is often said, a radical advocating a new religion, but rather a primitivist: that is, one who reaches back to a golden age and emulates it. Akhenaten's inspiration was the Old Kingdom (2650-2400 B.C.E.), when the sun-god Re/Atum ruled as the unrivaled head of the Egyptian pantheon. Hoffmeier finds that Akhenaten was a genuine convert to the worship of Aten, the sole creator God, based on the Pharoah's own testimony of a theophany, a divine encounter that launched his monotheistic religious odyssey. The book also explores the Atenist religion's possible relationship to Israel's religion, offering a close comparison of the hymn to the Aten to Psalm 104, which has been identified by scholars as influenced by the Egyptian hymn. Through a careful reading of key texts, artworks, and archaeological studies, Hoffmeier provides compelling new insights into a religion that predated Moses and Hebrew monotheism, the impact of Atenism on Egyptian religion and politics, and the aftermath of Akhenaten's reign.
Download or read book Akhenaten written by Dominic Montserrat and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pharaoh Akhenaten, who ruled Egypt in the mid-fourteenth century BCE, has been the subject of more speculation than any other character in Egyptian history. This provocative new biography examines both the real Akhenaten and the myths that have been created around him. It scrutinises the history of the pharaoh and his reign, which has been continually written in Eurocentric terms inapplicable to ancient Egypt, and the archaeology of Akhenaten's capital city, Amarna. It goes on to explore the pharaoh's extraordinary cultural afterlife, and the way he has been invoked to validate everything from psychoanalysis to racial equality to Fascism.
Download or read book Moses and Monotheism written by Sigmund Freud and published by Leonardo Paolo Lovari. This book was released on 2016-11-24 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book consists of three essays and is an extension of Freud’s work on psychoanalytic theory as a means of generating hypotheses about historical events. Freud hypothesizes that Moses was not Hebrew, but actually born into Ancient Egyptian nobility and was probably a follower of Akhenaten, an ancient Egyptian monotheist. Freud contradicts the biblical story of Moses with his own retelling of events, claiming that Moses only led his close followers into freedom during an unstable period in Egyptian history after Akhenaten (ca. 1350 BCE) and that they subsequently killed Moses in rebellion and later combined with another monotheistic tribe in Midian based on a volcanic God, Jahweh. Freud explains that years after the murder of Moses, the rebels regretted their action, thus forming the concept of the Messiah as a hope for the return of Moses as the Saviour of the Israelites. Freud said that the guilt from the murder of Moses is inherited through the generations; this guilt then drives the Jews to religion to make them feel better.
Download or read book Akhenaten written by Ronald T. Ridley and published by American University in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking historiography of the reign of Akhenaten More ink has probably been spilled on Akhenaten and his times (‘the Amarna Period’) than any other figure from ancient Egypt, with a vast range of interpretations and theories that can leave the uninitiated utterly bewildered. Against this background, Akhenaten: A Historian’s View examines what scholars have said over the years regarding key aspects of the period, to produce a ‘history of histories,’ exploring exactly how various chains of arguments were arrived at—and how houses of cards thus erected have subsequently come tumbling down. In particular, it teases out ideas based on solid documentation from those based on theory and fancy, and tracks ways in which new evidence became available, how it was interpreted, and how it fed—or didn't—into the big picture. This book thus fills a major gap in the literature of the Amarna Period and also contributes to the wider, and much neglected, field of the historiography of ancient Egypt.
Download or read book From Akhenaten to Moses written by Jan Assmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The shift from polytheism to monotheism changed the world radically. Akhenaten and Moses--a figure of history and a figure of tradition--symbolize this shift in its incipient, revolutionary stages and represent two civilizations that were brought into the closest connection as early as the Book of Exodus, where Egypt stands for the old world to be rejected and abandoned in order to enter the new one. The seven chapters of this seminal study shed light on the great transformation from different angles. Between Egypt in the first chapter and monotheism in the last, five chapters deal in various ways with the transition from one to the other, analyzing the Exodus myth, understanding the shift in terms of evolution and revolution, confronting Akhenaten and Moses in a new way, discussing Karl Jaspers' theory of the Axial Age, and dealing with the eighteenth-century view of the Egyptian mysteries as a cultural model.
Download or read book Pharaohs of the Sun written by Rita E. Freed and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This catalogue brings to life the extraordinary world of ancient Egypt through more than 250 beautiful works of art, while essays by leading Egyptologists describe the Amarna period, a time of unprecedented changes - in art and architecture, technology, the role of women in religion and government - and the dramatic break with polytheism. Sculpture, architectural elements, ceramics, jewelry, clothing, tools and furniture illustrate the culture of this period. More than 400 illustrations of these objects from renowned collections - such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Ägyptisches Museum in Berlin, the British Museum and the Louvre are reproduced in this handsome volume.
Download or read book Light of Aten Echnaton s Revolution written by Benjamin C. Roberts and published by epubli. This book was released on 2024-03-10 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In "Light of Aten: Echnaton's Revolution - The Emergence of Monotheism" by Benjamin C. Roberts, readers are invited on a compelling journey back to the heart of ancient Egypt, to the reign of one of history's most revolutionary figures, Pharaoh Echnaton. Defying centuries of traditional Egyptian polytheism, Echnaton embarked on an audacious quest to redefine the spiritual landscape of his time, establishing the worship of a single deity, the Aten. Roberts meticulously unravels the story of Echnaton's radical reforms, exploring how this enigmatic leader attempted to concentrate divine, political, and artistic expression around the worship of the sun disk. Through a blend of historical facts, archaeological evidence, and engaging narrative, this book paints a vivid picture of a tumultuous period marked by intrigue, power struggles, and a profound ideological shift that would echo through the ages. From the construction of the new capital, Akhetaten, to the suppression of the traditional pantheon, "Light of Aten" delves into the motivations behind Echnaton's bold moves, the societal upheavals they caused, and the legacy of his religious revolution. Roberts critically examines how Echnaton's monotheism influenced future generations and the development of monotheistic religions, making this book essential reading for anyone fascinated by the origins of monotheism, ancient Egyptian history, and the enduring power of faith to transform societies.
Download or read book The Secret Lore of Egypt written by Erik Hornung and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of Egypt as the fount of all wisdom and stronghold of hermetic lore, already strong in antiquity, Hornung (Egyptology, U. of Basel) calls Egyptosophy. Though it was soundly rebuffed by Egyptology, based on conventional science and history, he thinks its continuing impact on western culture deserves scholarly attention. He reviews the various occult traditions and their expression during various eras. The original Esoterische Agypten was published by C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich, in 1999, and translated by David Lorton, who has also translated Hornung's earlier books for Cornell. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Download or read book Moses and Akhenaten written by Ahmed Osman and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2002-10-01 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reinterpretation of biblical and Egyptian history that shows Moses and the Pharaoh Akhenaten to be one and the same. • Provides dramatic evidence from both archaeological and documentary sources. • A radical challenge to long-established beliefs on the origin of Semitic religion. During his reign, the Pharaoh Akhenaten was able to abolish the complex pantheon of the ancient Egyptian religion and replace it with a single god, the Aten, who had no image or form. Seizing on the striking similarities between the religious vision of this “heretic” pharaoh and the teachings of Moses, Sigmund Freud was the first to argue that Moses was in fact an Egyptian. Now Ahmed Osman, using recent archaeological discoveries and historical documents, contends that Akhenaten and Moses were one and the same man. In a stunning retelling of the Exodus story, Osman details the events of Moses/Akhenaten's life: how he was brought up by Israelite relatives, ruled Egypt for seventeen years, angered many of his subjects by replacing the traditional Egyptian pantheon with worship of the Aten, and was forced to abdicate the throne. Retreating to the Sinai with his Egyptian and Israelite supporters, he died out of the sight of his followers, presumably at the hands of Seti I, after an unsuccessful attempt to regain his throne. Osman reveals the Egyptian components in the monotheism preached by Moses as well as his use of Egyptian royal ritual and Egyptian religious expression. He shows that even the Ten Commandments betray the direct influence of Spell 125 in the Egyptian Book of the Dead. Moses and Akhenaten provides a radical challenge to long-standing beliefs concerning the origin of Semitic religion and the puzzle of Akhenaten's deviation from ancient Egyptian tradition. In fact, if Osman's contentions are correct, many major Old Testament figures would be of Egyptian origin.
Download or read book Akhenaten and Tutankhamen written by Zoe Lowery and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once Akhenaton came to power in fourteenth-century Egypt, life changed dramatically. He completely reformed the country’s religion, and he replaced the traditional gods with a single god: Aton the sun god. His religious fervor went so far that he changed his own name to Akhenaton, meaning “beneficial to the Aton,” from Amenhotep IV. His people were dissatisfied, and soon after his death, and with the rule of Tutankhamen, the country returned to its traditional deities. Although Tutankhamen is famously known for his lavish tombs, his short rule is also marked by the restoration of art and any temples damaged during Akhenaton’s rule.
Download or read book The Egyptian Book of Gates written by Theodor Abt and published by Daimon. This book was released on 2022-12-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Egyptian Book of Gates is the second large Pharaonic Book of the Afterlife after The Egyptian Amduat. The revised English translation is based on the German edition, edited by Erik Hornung. The hieroglyphs and transcriptions are given on the basis of a collation of the extant texts found in different tombs. The main illustrations of the text come from the sarcophagus of Seti I. The 100 scenes of the Book of Gates are furthermore represented with one or more colored illustrations, originating from different sources. With an Introduction by Theodor Abt. Contains Bibliography and Index.
Download or read book Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism written by James Karl Hoffmeier and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharaoh Akhenaten remains one of the most fascinating and studied figures of ancient history. Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism focuses on Akhenaten's preoccupation with worshipping the sun disc Aten, and the implications of this unique religion in foundationally shaping monotheism.
Download or read book Akhenaten written by Ted Kramer and published by FriesenPress. This book was released on 2018-10-15 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a historical novel. It combines historical records with likely, but also speculative events and ideas, such as beliefs, love, family relations, leadership qualities or lack thereof, beliefs, conjugal and family ties among Egyptian royalty, religion and religious upheaval, and a unique, revolutionary departure from traditional Egyptian religion, from polytheism to monotheism and finally the murder of a pharaoh. The worship of light and its permanence through all subsequent civilizations was historically introduced by Akhenaten, and is visually presented to the reader. The story happened at a crucial time when Egypt expanded its intellectual as well as commercial ties throughout what we now call the Middle East. It was at a time when the presence of Hebrews in Egypt was documented and when the Moses’ story and the Exodus presumably occurred. Some credence is given to the Bible, to Sigmund Freud’s book ‘Moses and Monotheism’, to the the two Jewish theologian brothers Massoud at the University of Montpelier in France, and to Ahmed Osman, an Egyptian archaeologist in England. All this is interwoven with the authors’ own ideas. The primary goal of the author was not to convince the reader of the truth of the story, but to develop an interesting and credible story. The secondary goal was to advance the notion that light—particularly sunlight—is not just a physical phenomenon but the principal radiation and tradition on our planet, the source of life and the object of worship not just for Akhenaten but to many other religions primarily Christianity and the Enlightenment in France and in nascent America.
Download or read book Akhenaten Son of the Sun written by Moyra Caldecott and published by Bladud Books. This book was released on 2003-11-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In ancient Egypt during the magnificent eighteenth dynasty the Pharaoh Akhenaten and his queen, the strong and beautiful Nefertiti, are engaged in a dramatic battle against the wealthy, corrupt and dangerously powerful priests of Amun. Haunting and full of surprises, The Son of the Sun, gives a fascinating glimpse into an ancient civilisation. It is a story about hate and love, despair and hope, but more than that it is the story of extraordinary spiritual and psychic powers being tested to their limits.
