Download or read book Air National Guard Resource Allocation and Its Strategic Implications for Homeland Defense and Homeland Security written by Thaddeus E. Burr and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigating the Benefits and Drawbacks of Realigning the National Guard Under the Department of Homeland Security written by Ryan Burke and published by . This book was released on 2016-08-16 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part I of the 2014-2015 Army War College's Key Strategic Issues List (KSIL)-Army Priorities for Strategic Analysis-asks: "Given the growing importance of homeland defense, what would be the benefits and drawbacks of realigning the [National] Guard under the department of Homeland Security to enhance domestic security and disaster response, while retaining utility for overseas missions in support of the Department of Defense?" (pg. 10). This monograph details our efforts to research and evaluate the perceived benefits and drawbacks of realigning the National Guard under the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). We begin with a brief review of the relevant literature shaping the current policy and doctrinal approach to military civil support (CS) operations, including a summary of laws and strategic guidance relevant to the discussion. We then note the important distinctions between homeland security (HS) and homeland defense (HD) and the military role in each context. The seam between HS and HD provides a conceptual basis for discussing the roles and responsibilities of the National Guard, the DHS, and the Department of Defense (DoD) within domestic security and disaster response operations. After evaluating the National Guard's role in each of the above contexts, we briefly discuss the realignment of the United States Coast Guard (USCG) within the DHS as a proxy for comparison of a similar realignment of a military-style entity under the DHS. The study concludes by listing and discussing the potential benefits and drawbacks of a National Guard realignment under the DHS and then makes five short recommendations in summary of the research effort.

Download or read book Homeland Defense written by Mary K. Mercier-Easton and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homeland Security has risen in prominence in the last year as one of the paramount issues facing our nation today. Since September 11, 2001, the national focus has centered on the importance of protecting our citizens and other national interests both at home and abroad. President Bush responded to the threat of terrorism directed at U.S. interests by outlining his vision on our nation's homeland defense in his September 2002 National Security Strategy. Of the many questions to be resolved is the question of how the United States will employ it's military forces in support of a homeland defense strategy, and specifically what will be the role of each service component? The answers to these questions are still not clear. This paper examines the role that the Air National Guard (ANG) will play in homeland defense by examining what the ANG's role was prior to September 11th, since September 11th, and then proposes a plan to integrate the ANG into the homeland defense strategy.

Download or read book Homeland Security written by Janet A. St. Laurent and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high use of Nat. Guard forces for overseas missions has raised questions about its ability to support civil authorities in the event of a catastrophic incident. This report assesses 2 alternatives for providing funding and authority specifically for the Guard¿s civil support missions. The author determined: (1) the extent to which planning to identify the Guard¿s civil support requirements has been undertaken; (2) the current funding approach for the Guard¿s civil support capabilities and how 3 approaches could be applied to the Guard; (3) guiding principles to consider when developing and implementing funding alternatives; and (4) the extent to which the existing and alternative approaches are consistent with these principles. Illus.

Download or read book Reserve Forces Actions Needed to Identify National Guard Domestic Equipment Requirements Readiness written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commission on the National Guard and Reserves Transforming the National Guard and Reserves Into a 21st Century Operational Force written by Commission on Commission on the National Guard and Reserves and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-11-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is the rst step in a comprehensive reevaluation of the reserve components of the U.S. military in which the legislature and general public soon should join. In reviewing the past several decades of heavy use of the reserve components, most notably as an integral part of recent operations in Iraq, in Afghanistan, and in the homeland, the Commission has found indisputable and overwhelming evidence of the need for change. Policymakers and the military must break with outdated policies and processes and implement fundamental, thorough reforms. Many of today's profound challenges to the National Guard and Reserves will persist, notwithstanding force reductions in Iraq and Afghanistan. The need for major reforms is urgent regardless of the outcome of current con icts or the political turmoil surrounding them. The Commission believes the nation must look past the immediate and compelling challenges raised by these con icts and focus on the long-term future of the National Guard and Reserves and on the United States' enduring national security interests. In our nal report, the Commission rst assesses the necessity, feasibility, and sustainability of the so-called operational reserve, which is signi cantly different from the strategic reserve of the Cold War. We assess the unplanned evolution to an operational reserve. We then evaluate the factors that should in uence the decision whether to create a truly operational reserve force, including the threats to our nation in the current and emerging security environment; the military capabilities, both operational and strategic, necessary to keep America secure in this environment; the urgent scal challenges caused by the spiraling costs of mandatory entitlement programs and ever-increasing cost of military personnel; and the cost and value to the nation of the National Guard and Reserves. And we consider the challenges the nation faces in funding, personnel policy, recruiting, equipment shortages, and other obstacles to creating a sustainable operational reserve force. Second, we assess the Department of Defense's role in the homeland and whether it is clearly de ned and suf cient to protect the nation; the role that the reserve components, as part of DOD, and other interagency partners should play in preparing for and responding to domestic emergencies; the role and direction of U.S. Northern Command, the joint command in charge of federal homeland defense and civil support activities; the role that states and their governors should play in homeland response; the need to rebalance forces to better address homeland response needs; and the implications of these assessments for the readiness of the reserve components. Third, we examine what changes need to occur to enable DOD to better manage its most precious resource-its people. We consider what attributes of a modern personnel management strategy would create a true continuum of service; how reserve component personnel should be evaluated, promoted, and compensated; what educational and work opportunities they should be given to maximize the return to the nation from their service; how DOD should track the civilian skills of reserve component members; whether the active and reserve personnel management systems should be integrated; why the prompt establishment of an integrated pay and personnel system is urgent; how many duty statuses there should be; and what changes need to be made to the active and reserve retirement systems to ensure that both serve force management objectives and are sustainable. Fourth, we explore what changes need to be made to develop an operational reserve that is ready for its array of overseas and homeland missions.

Download or read book Examining the Impact of Equipment Shortages on the National Guard s Readiness for Homeland Security written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Management, Investigations, and Oversight and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Unity of Effort in Homeland Defense and Homeland Security written by Bradley O. Martsching and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Secretary of Defense Robert Gates stated that achieving Department of Defense (DoD) objectives required close collaboration with partners at home and abroad. Improving unity of effort was one of the steps he identified, along with a whole-of-government approach to deal with the global nature of the nation's national security challenges. The National Guard network, with soldiers, airmen, and civilians distributed across the combatant commands, the interagency, partner nations, and the fifty-four states and territories, can help to expand coordination, through existing relationships, and help synchronize homeland defense and homeland security efforts. However, the National Guard requires a strategic planning system, integrated with the broader Joint Strategic Planning System (JSPS) and interagency planning process, to connect and enable the National Guard network."--Abstract

Download or read book Reserve forces actions needed to better prepare the National Guard for future overseas and domestic missions written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Homeland Security Primary Role of the National Guard and the National Security Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many agencies and organizations have redefined their roles as a result of the terror attacks on September 11, 2001. One organization whose role might change in light of 9/11 is the National Guard of the United States. Some people have suggested that homeland security should become the primary role of the National Guard, while others suggest it should become an agency of the Department of Homeland Security. The current Guard leadership has indicated its intention to restructure the Guard to meet the requirements of both warfighting and homeland security. Current definitions used by both the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Department of Defense (DoD) reinforce the use of the National Guard as the primary reserve for the Army. The contemporary roles and missions of the National Guard under these definitions are in harmony with the vision of the nation's forefathers. The tasks outlined by the DoD and DHS may not support changing the mission of the National Guard to a homeland security force. This paper examines the capabilities, policy, guidance, laws, and regulations that govern the National Guard as well as the mission areas it would have to adopt if it were made an agency of DHS: intelligence and warning, border and transportation security, domestic counterterrorism, protecting critical infrastructure, defending against catastrophic terrorism, and emergency preparedness and response. The author concludes that to prepare and train one organization, the National Guard, to have homeland security as a primary role is not realistic. The National Guard is largely a part-time organization currently trained, resourced, and ready to respond as the reserve of the Army in support of homeland defense and most other missions assigned to the Army. As a supporting agency to federal, state, and local officials the National Guard can certainly be better organized to improve or assist with homeland security, but how to change the guard is currently a debate. (27 refs7.

Download or read book Preparing the U S Army for Homeland Security written by Eric Victor Larson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2001 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although military policy seems focused on overseas threats, defending the homeland is, of course, the ultimate objective. This guide examines emergent threats to the USA homeland such as speciality weapons, cyber attacks and ballistic missiles and delineates the army's responsibilities.

Download or read book The Role of the Army National Guard in the 21st Century written by Spencer W. Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2002-12-01 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis I examine the role of the National Guard in supporting current National Security and National Military Strategy. I argue that the global security environment has changed drastically since the end of the Cold War making "Homeland Security" a primary mission for the military, specifically the National Guard. Concurrently, the unprecedented number of overseas deployments to perform peacekeeping missions has severely affected the active Army's combat capability. I argue that the US Army has not embraced the requirements for "Homeland Security," focusing instead on maintaining its 10 active division force structure. To meet the needs of National Military Strategy, the active Army has instead relied on the reserve components to perform overseas peacekeeping missions. I argue that the National Guard has also looked to performing these missions as a method of institutional survival. Together, both components have undermined the Constitutional underpinnings of the Reserve Component as a strategic reserve, to be mobilized in cases of "war or national emergency." I argue that making "Homeland Security" a primary federal mission of the National Guard, along with restructuring current combat, combat support, and combat service support ratios will allow the National Guard to support National Military Strategy and "Homeland Security."

Download or read book Securing the Homeland How Should the Army Fulfill Its Role written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homeland security as defined within the existing security strategy framework requires the United States its territory its people and its interests to be adequately protected. Leaders within the United States have for decades attempted militarily to ensure national security through forward basing and power projection delegating homeland security to a secondary role. However the events of 11 September 2001 may have permanently changed how we must think about protection of the homeland. The concepts of homeland security and homeland defense are extremely complex intertwined and demand coordinated use of all the instruments of national power both at home and abroad. Within this context there is a fundamental question that remains unanswered. How should the Army fulfill its homeland security role while continuing to meet the requirements of forward presence global engagement and war fighting? This paper addresses this issue by presenting the different definitions of homeland security and homeland defense analyzing current security strategy documents and examining the Department of Defense's current force sizing construct. The paper also reviews the components of the Army and what they have contributed to homeland security since 9/11 considers various recommendations by prominent think tanks and finally proposes a course of action for the future. It considers recommendations by the Hart-Rudman Commission the Gilmore Commission the Heritage Foundation a RAND Corporation Study and the Defense Science Board. After comparing and contrasting these alternatives the author recommends that the Army give the Army National Guard the primary responsibility for homeland security dedicate twenty regionally focused Army National Guard battalion size units to homeland security and dedicate regional United States Army Reserve units with inherent homeland security capabilities. This approach ensures that the nation's first priority of homeland security is adequately resourced.

Download or read book Enabling Unity of Effort in Homeland Response Operations written by H. Steven Blum and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Balancing authorities and responsibilities within our federal system has been a matter of continuous debate since the earliest days of the republic. Its continued relevance is exemplified in our current national conversation over how to most effectively organize and operate for homeland security and defense. Crises and catastrophic events in our homeland require Americans from different organizations, jurisdictions, and functions to work together. Yet despite considerable national effort and resources devoted to developing and improving our collective response capabilities, effectiveness in working together-unity of effort-still seems to elude us. Achieving unity of effort is the central challenge to effective homeland response operations. No single organization, function, or stakeholder has all the necessary tools to respond completely to the wide range of crises that routinely occur, or could occur, in our homeland. Combining the assets, capabilities, expertise, and resources of multiple participants has proven to be exceedingly complex and difficult. Our homeland response capabilities are considerable, but they are dispersed across a patchwork of jurisdictions and functions. The challenge in homeland response operations is neither inadequate resources nor lack of capabilities, but rather in being able to bring them to bear at the right time and place, and in the right combination. Disasters in our homeland have enormous consequences. Regardless of cause or extent, they always hold the potential for significant loss of life, human suffering, economic dislocation, and erosion of public confidence in government. Given all that is at stake, we must do better. There are certainly a number of ways to improve our results; this monograph proposes three specific ways to do so. First, enhancing our capacity for unity of effort requires more than simply devoting more resources and rhetoric to the problem. The challenge is more fundamental; it requires us to change the way we think about homeland response in order to establish the intellectual pre-conditions for unified effort. A second way to enhance our capacity for unity of effort is to ensure that national doctrine can be broadly implemented. A truly national homeland response doctrine system will function in an interagency, intergovernmental, multi-jurisdictional environment. Implementing it requires a new management structure that can also operate in the spaces between agencies and governments. A third way to enhance unity of effort is to remove barriers to employment of military capabilities for homeland response operations. Achieving unity of effort in homeland response is a complex challenge, among the greatest of our age. It is the single most important factor in our ability to plan for and respond effectively to disasters at home. We devote enormous resources to public safety and security at many levels. Our citizens surely have a right to expect that these resources will be well used by their leaders, elected and appointed. This means that we must find better ways to work together. It requires leaders and organizations at all levels to combine their efforts, resources, and capabilities to achieve complete and responsive solutions. It requires us to develop new ways of thinking about and managing homeland response capabilities, before disaster strikes.

Download or read book Post September 11th Evolution of the National Guard s Role in Homeland Defense written by Matthew A. Raney and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States' strategy to defend the homeland has been evolving since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Not only have the terms used to describe this strategy changed, so have the roles and responsibilities of many of the institutions tasked with executing the strategy. The Department of Homeland Security and Northern Command (NORTHCOM) are two examples of a radical organizational shift in strategy. In other instances, the implementation of change has been somewhat slower, such as in the case of the National Guard. One of the most notable changes in the National Guard has been its shift from a Cold War era strategic reserve to its current role as an operational reserve. But there have been other changes in the manner in which the National Guard operates. The purpose of this paper is to briefly examine some of the post-9/11 recommendations to increase, enhance or change the National Guard's role in homeland defense and civil support, to review steps actually taken by the National Guard to improve its homeland defense/civil support capabilities, and to illustrate the disparity between what the experts have said should be done and what the National Guard has actually done.

Download or read book Army National Guard Operational Reserve Or Homeland Security Force written by Kristian J. Kirkland and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most profound evolutions of the National Guard occurred following the release of the 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review. It redefined the role of the National Guard from a strategic reserve to an operational reserve. This leadership decision dramatically increased the responsibility of the NG. NG personnel and equipment have rapidly become exhausted and unserviceable. Units are forced to cross level equipment and personnel to fill shortages in support of deployed units. The net effect of this increased responsibility may have a deleterious effect on the overall national security of the United States. An organization constitutionally established as the primary homeland security force must have the operational reserve role clearly defined. Conversely, what military organization executes the role of strategic reserve in the Guard's absence? The question is not if the NG can support an operational role, but what are the sacrifices to homeland security? The military and political leadership must be willing to consider reduced deployment times, enforcement of the ARFORGEN process, continued aggressive recruiting, retention campaigns, and focusing federal and state authorities toward increased civic involvement for homeland security. This is an enormous financial undertaking especially in times of economic crisis. It is however, a critical issue requiring the focused attention of the military, the political leadership and citizenry of the United States in order to provide the best alternative for securing the borders of our nation and our way of life from the potential threats in the 21st Century.

Download or read book The National Guard and Its Role in Homeland Security written by M. Tina Hynson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homeland Security and Homeland Defense in broad terms refers to the prevention, deterrence, preemption of, and defense against, aggression targeted at U.S. territory, population, and infrastructure. More specifically, Homeland Security is a group of diverse missions and functions performed not only to deter, preempt, and defend but to manage the consequence of such aggression. Homeland Defense is one of two major groups of Homeland Security and includes traditional warfighting tasks where the Department of Defense often plays a leading role. Homeland Defense is a basic function of our government, and has been since the colonial era. American colonial leaders, more than 100 years before our Constitution, recognized the need for homeland defense and established colonial militias to fight both internal and external threats. On September 11, 2001, terrorists guided two commercial airliners into the twin World Trade Center Towers in New York City and destroyed both towers and left thousand injured or dead. There was another almost simultaneous attack on the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. but the Pentagon sustained lesser damage. A third attempt missed its still unknown target. Shortly after, President George W. Bush established the Office of Homeland Security. Homeland Security received a great deal of attention in the months prior to the attack, but it took the events of 11 September to focus attention in earnest on homeland defense and civil support missions. With the attention turned to homeland security, the current role of the National Guard as laid out in Title 32 of the United States Code will probably change, similar to recommendations in the Phase III Report of the U.S. Commission on National Strategy in the 21st Century, also known as the Hart-Rudman Commission.