Download or read book Agricultural Transition in Russia and the Other Former States of the USSR written by A. A. Nikonov and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Former Soviet Union in Transition written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agricultural transition in Russia Central Asia and Eastern Europe Ten lessons for Venezuela written by Brooks, Karen and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty years have elapsed since the fall of communist governments in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. The collapse of political structures took with it regimes of highly administered management of agri-food systems. The shift from state management to markets has been generally known as the agricultural transition. The term is most frequently used in reference to the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, but key features of a move from dominant state intervention to greater reliance on markets characterized reforms in China after 1978, Vietnam in 1986 and thereafter, and many countries in Africa south of the Sahara during the years of structural adjustment in the 1990s. The policy reforms that constitute an agricultural transition are intrinsically difficult and made even more so when undertaken under conditions of crisis-induced chaos. Lessons from countries that have undergone the process might be of use, either as guidance or cautionary notes, to leaders and civil society groups in countries such as Venezuela that may be embarking on a transition or swept into one by circumstance. The paragraphs below attempt to summarize lessons from the early transition in Russia, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe in the 1990s.
Download or read book Agriculture and the State in Soviet and Post Soviet Russia written by Stephen Wegren and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-11-23 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 1999 Edward A. Hewett Book Prize from AAASS A comprehensive, original, and innovative analysis of the social, economic, and political factors affecting contemporary Russian reform, the book is organized around the central question of the role of the state and its effect on the course of Russian agrarian reform. In the wake of the collapse of the USSR, contemporary conventional wisdom holds the the Russian state is "weak." Stephen Wegren feels that the traditional approach to the weak/strong state suffers from measurement and circular logic problems, believing that the Russian state, thought weaker than in its Soviet past, is still relatively stronger than other actors. The state's strength allows it to intervene in the rural sector in ways that other power contender cannot.Specifically, as a measure of state intervention, Wegren analyzes how the state has influenced urban-rural relations, rural-rural relations, and the nonstate (private) agricultural sector. Several dilemmas arose that have complicated successful agrarian reform as a result of the nature of state interventions, how reform policies were defined, and the incentives rhar arose from state-sponsored policies. During contemporary Russian agrarian reform, urban-rural differences have widened, marked by a deterioration in rural standards of living and increased alienation of rural political groups from urban alliances. At the same time, within the rural sector, reform failed to reverse rural egalitarianism. In addition, the nature of state interventions has undermined attempts to create a vibrant, productive private rural sector based on private farming.Wegren's research is based upon extensive field work, interviews, archival documents, and published and unpublished source material conducted over a six-year period, and he demonstrates the link between agrarian reform and the success of overall reform in Russia. This learned and often controversial volume will interest political scientists, policy makers, and scholars and students of contemporary Russia.
Download or read book Food and Agricultural Policy Reforms in the Former USSR written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The policies of the last seven decades in the former Soviet Union weakened production incentives, created highly centralized and increasingly inefficient production and distribution systems, and distorted retail food prices and consumption patterns. Since the mid-1960s, sustaining those price and consumption patterns has required larger and larger subsidies and has resulted in severe structural imbalances in the food and agricultural sector. This study was undertaken to review the state of the food and agricultural economy of the former Soviet Union, to advise on polices needed to prevent its total collapse, and to foster an early recovery during the transition. The study outlines a program to guide agriculture from central planning to reliance on market principles and develops an action plan for reforming the food and agricultural sector in the Russian Federation and other states to the former Soviet Union.
Download or read book Russia s Food Economy in Transition Current Policy Issues and the Long Term Outlook written by Joachim von Braun, Christian Albreehts University and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 1996 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Former Soviet Union in Transition written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1993 with total page 1254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of papers assessing the economies of the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union, prepared by a large number of government and private experts at the request of the Joint Economic Committee, US Congress. The volume is divided into six sections: the transition to market economies; integration into the world economy; key sectoral developments (energy/agriculture/environment/science/ transportation); defense and conversion; human resources affecting the economy; and political- economic profiles. Each section is introduced with an overview essay. Paper edition (unseen), $35. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Former Soviet Union written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO assessed the: (1) status of agricultural reforms in the newly independent states in the former Soviet Union; (2) relationship, if any, between U.S. credit-guaranteed food exports and agricultural reform; (3) amount of U.S. credit provided to the former Soviet Union, and whether food provided under the guarantees is distributed equitably among its republics; and (4) food situation in the newly independent states. GAO found that: (1) implementation of agricultural reforms has been slow, and some reforms have been partially rescinded; (2) guarantee-assisted food imports from the United States and other countries may hinder agricultural reform in the newly independent states by prolonging the existence of state-owned enterprises that process and distribute the food; (3) guarantee-assisted food imports may hinder agricultural production by keeping prices down for domestically-produced food; (4) some state officials believe that credit-assisted food imports benefit the economic reform process by preventing food shortages in their countries; (5) the United States does not place conditions on credit guarantees related to implementation of agricultural reforms, but some state and other officials believe that placing conditions on these credit guarantees is necessary to move the reform process forward while meeting food needs; (6) the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) made $3.75 billion in GSM-102 export credit guarantees available to the Soviet Union before it was dissolved; (7) the distribution of credit guarantee-assisted food imports among the former Soviet republics has been generally equitable; (8) USDA is not required to monitor the distribution of food imports under GSM-102 program guidelines; (9) food supplies were generally adequate during 1991 through 1992, but there were shortages for some items; and (10) food affordability became a serious concern for many citizens during 1992 and remains a problem in 1993.
Download or read book Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Transition Countries written by Zvi Lerman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Former Soviet Union in Transition written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Collectivization of Agriculture in Communist Eastern Europe written by Constantin Iordachi and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-31 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ÿThis book explores the interrelated campaigns of agricultural collectivization in the USSR and in the communist dictatorships established in Soviet-dominated Eastern Europe. Despite the profound, long-term societal impact of collectivization, the subject has remained relatively underresearched. The volume combines detailed studies of collectivization in individual Eastern European states with issueoriented comparative perspectives at regional level. Based on novel primary sources, it proposes a reappraisal of the theoretical underpinnings and research agenda of studies on collectivization in Eastern Europe.The contributions provide up-to-date overviews of recent research in the field and promote new approaches to the topic, combining historical comparisons with studies of transnational transfers and entanglements.
Download or read book Private Agriculture in Armenia written by Zvi Lerman and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2001 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details and analyzes an extensive farm survey of Armenian land reform. Zvi Lerman and Astghik Mirzakhanian, two principal contributors to the design of the study, present their invaluable insight into the rapid land reform strategy implemented in Armenia. Unique among the former Soviet Republics, the entire agricultural sector of this country shifted from collective, large-scale, farm enterprises to individual production in 1992. The authors pay special attention to the commercialization of private farms and their access to supply and marketing channels outside the old state-controlled system. Family incomes from farming and off-farm sources are discussed, as well as problems of rural social services and social infrastructure. The authors demonstrate how official statistical measures and record keeping practices in Armenia do not adequately account for this dramatic transition.
Download or read book Income Inequality and Poverty During the Transition from Planned to Market Economy written by Branko Milanovi? and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 394. Joint Forest Management (JFM) has emerged as an important intervention in the management of Indias forest resources. This report sets out an analytical method for examining the costs and benefits of JFM arrangements. Two pilot case studies in which the method was used demonstrate interesting outcomes regarding incentives for various groups to participate. The main objective of this study is to develop a better understanding of the incentives for communities to participate in JFM.
Download or read book Inventing a Soviet Countryside written by James W. Heinzen and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2004-02-01 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the largest peasant revolution in history, Russia's urban-based Bolshevik regime was faced with a monumental task: to peacefully "modernize" and eventually "socialize" the peasants in the countryside surrounding Russia's cities. To accomplish this, the Bolshevik leadership created the People's Commissariat of Agriculture (Narkomzem), which would eventually employ 70,000 workers. This commissariat was particularly important, both because of massive famine and because peasants composed the majority of Russia's population; it was also regarded as one of the most moderate state agencies because of its nonviolent approach to rural transformation.Working from recently opened historical archives, James Heinzen presents a balanced, thorough examination of the political, social, and cultural dilemmas present in the Bolsheviks' strategy for modernizing of the peasantry. He especially focuses on the state employees charged with no less than a complete transformation of an entire class of people. Heinzen ultimately shows how disputes among those involved in this plan-from the government, to Communist leaders, to the peasants themselves-led to the shuttering of the Commissariat of Agriculture and to Stalin's cataclysmic 1929 collectivization of agriculture.
Download or read book Hammer Sickle and Soil written by Jonathan Daly and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 2017-10-01 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Hammer, Sickle, and Soil, Jonathan Daly tells the harrowing story of Stalin's transformation of millions of family farms throughout the USSR into 250,000 collective farms during the period from 1929 to 1933. History's biggest experiment in social engineering at the time and the first example of the complete conquest of the bulk of a population by its rulers, the policy was above all intended to bring to Russia Marx's promised bright future of socialism. In the process, however, it caused widespread peasant unrest, massive relocations, and ultimately led to millions dying in the famine of 1932–33. Drawing on scholarly studies and primary-source collections published since the opening of the Soviet archives three decades ago, now, for the first time, this volume offers an accessible and accurate narrative for the general reader. The book is illustrated with propaganda posters from the period that graphically portray the drama and trauma of the revolution in Soviet agriculture under Stalin. In chilling detail the author describes how the havoc and destruction wrought in the countryside sowed the seeds of destruction of the entire Soviet experiment.
Download or read book Russia s Role in the Contemporary International Agri Food Trade System written by Stephen K. Wegren and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-11 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book analyses the emergence of Russia as a global food power and what it means for global food trade. Russia's strategy for food production and trade has changed significantly since the end of the Soviet period, and this is the first book to take account of Russia's rise as a food power and the global implications of that rise. It includes food trade policy and practice, and developments in regional food trade. This book will be of interest to academics and practitioners in agricultural economics, international trade, and international food trade.
Download or read book China s Volatile Pork Industry written by Fred Gale and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With China's emergence as a new source of potential demand for U.S.pork exports, it is important for U.S.farmers, business leaders, and policymakers to understand the volatile nature of China's pork industry. Prices, hog inventories, and pork output in China fluctuate from year to year in response to various factors that influence the market, and China's imports of pork tend to rise when Chinese hog prices are high. Extensive policy intervention by the Chinese government has contributed to consolida�tion in the country's pork industry but has not stabilized the market. Imported pork is becoming more competitive in China as Chinese pork production costs rise and animal disease outbreaks, environmental threats, and food safety concerns constrain growth of China's hog industry.
