Download or read book Agricultural Technologies for Market led Development Opportunities in the 1990s written by Shawki M. Barghouti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argentina has reformed its public finance system and reversed years of economic decline and deficit spending. This study recommends policy options to speed the already impressive progress. These options would expand the ambitious reform program already under way. This study shows how to sustain balanced public finances over the medium term. It describes ways to sustain price stability and economic growth while providing a cushion against unexpected downturns. Also examined are ways to improve social services while reducing the size of government. Researchers discuss key reforms that could boost the fiscal surplus by as much as 1.4 percent of gross domestic product. They look at ways to build tax revenues, reduce provincial finances, and make social security more equitable. They review methods to cut defense spending and revive a moribund education system. Additional policy options offered are reforms for housing and welfare programs and pension fund investments. The study suggests ways to improve the legal framework for a stronger central bank. Also reviewed are ways to eliminate unnecessary administrative agencies and to privatize public enterprises. The government's new health insurance program is examined. This program offers universal coverage. It lets contributors choose providers and includes subsidies for those who can't pay. It also requires a minimum package of health care at a set price.
Download or read book Developing the Regulatory Environment for Competitive Agricultural Markets written by Lowell D. Hill and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 266. Critiques both beneficial and detrimental government regulations that affect commodity markets in developing countries. Commodity markets require a regulatory environment that encourages private enterprise
Download or read book Agricultural Marketing Directory for U S and Africa Trade written by Mary E. Lassanyi and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This one-of-a-kind reference tool provides vital market & trade development information. Part I contains three separate sections: introduction, reference & contacts (describes the international & regional organizations, research centers, & financial institutions that facilitate international trade). Part II is divided into two groups of Sub-Saharan African countries: first & second tier; each group has an introductory overview, & information on exports & imports, on investment & trade barriers, & on the best prospects for U.S. investment & exports. Contacts & selected publications also are included.
Download or read book Organic and Compost based Growing Media for Tree Seedling Nurseries written by Joan H. Miller and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 264. Past research into tree planting has revealed that inadequate attention is given to root development in seedling containers. This study recommends the development of a high quality potting mediato give plants the
Download or read book Providing Enterprise Development and Financial Services to Women written by Lynn Bennett and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade, raising the productivity of women became an integral element of the World Bank�s overall strategy for reducing poverty and achieving sustainable growth. The number and scope of Bank projects to provide women with enterprise development, financial services, and social intermediation services grew accordingly. This paper reviews 27 such projects in East and South Asia and provides a succinct assessment of successes, failures, and surprises. The authors identify patterns and trends in the design of projects, examine the reasons for such trends, and draw lessons about how such projects can be more effective in delivering financial services to women in these countries. Many of these women are an increasingly vital source--or the sole source--of income for their families, but they are often overlooked in the implementation of small development projects. The authors draw eight key lessons for future Bank projects to provide enterprise development and financial services. They recommend that such projects be considered one element of a coordinated country-specific strategy for poverty alleviation.
Download or read book Overcoming Agricultural Pollution of Water written by Susanne M. Scheierling and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 269. Water problems are emerging as the most compelling set of issues facing agricultural production in the 1990s. To address the policy challenges posed by this dilemma, this study focuses on the experience of the Eu
Download or read book Surveillance of Agricultural Prices and Trade written by Alberto Vald©?s and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an independent and comprehensive review of World Bank irrigation lending and policy between 1948 and 1993. The Bank's role in irrigation lending has been large--more than $30 billion (in current U.S. dollars) spread over some 600 projects. Only 200 projects have been in place long enough to be assessed. The overall performance record is good, but there is room for improvement. The report finds that there are still pervasive problems in maintenance and operation. Operating chaos prevails in most large canal systems in the humid tropics. In drier areas, drainage is the biggest environmental problem associated with irrigation. The author argues for upgrading existing systems, improving service, involving irrigators, and saving water where it is scarce.
Download or read book External Debt Management written by Thomas Martin Klein and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper 245. This document was designed primarily for staff of newly established debt management institutions within governments that are launching borrowing programs, and discusses the entire range of external debt management. Topics include the organizational procedures for negotiating foreign loans and credits, the control and coordination of borrowing decisions, risk management, the administration of new loans, and external debt accounting and statistics. Basic accounting principles are reviewed and the use of computers explored. The authors stress that the government unit with responsibility for meeting future debt service obligations should also play a major role in decisions regarding foreign borrowing. Reporting statistics on external debt is a crucial part of a country's relationship with the World Bank and other donors. The Bank has formal requirements for debt reporting by member nations and accurate accounting is a prerequisite to having loans considered by the Bank's Executive Board. This book is an essential reference for training and technical assistance programs in asset and liability mangement.
Download or read book Technological Development and Pollution Abatement written by Kulsum Ahmed and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 271. Documents the move to low-polluting practices by enterprises in response to the global problem of stratospheric ozone depletion. The continued expansion of industry, particularly in developing countries, m
Download or read book Risk Management in Developing Countries written by Stijn Claessens and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern risk management techniques can help countries avoid the financial risks that affect future cash flows and long-term plans. They provide a hedge against profit fluctuations caused by changes in interest rates, exchange rates, and commodity prices. This easy-to-use guide examines the risk management tools developing countries have used successfully, including futures, options, forward contracts, commodity swaps, commodity bonds, commodity linked loans, currency rate swaps, and interest rate swaps. An action plan explains how to use the techniques wisely to avoid costly mistakes. It also describes the economic management and financial regulations countries must have in place before adopting any risk management techniques.
Download or read book Agricultural Extension written by Charles Ameur and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recommends the adoption of multiple strategies for agricultural extension and a flexible attitude by governments in addressing the issue. Agriculture contributes significantly to the growth of many developing countries. Its development is closely linked to several key interrelated factors such as infrastructure, research, extension, farm inputs, rural credit, price policies, and marketing. This paper examines agricultural extension within this context, drawing on a variety of ongoing cases throughout the world. The author stresses the need for governments to define a specific strategy for extension and to re-examine the role of the public sector.
Download or read book Judicial Reform in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Malcom Rowat and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Proceedings of a World Bank conference."--T.p.
Download or read book Equity Issues in Public Examinations in Developing Countries written by Vincent Greaney and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 272. Public examinations in developing countries play a critical role in the selection of students for participation in the educational system. The exams dictate what is taught, how it is taught, and what is and is no
Download or read book Protected Agriculture written by Merle H. Jensen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History; Covering materials; Greenhouses; Growing systems in greenhouses; Floriculture crops; Water supply, water quality and mineral nutrition; Drip irrigation; Disease and insect control; Propagation and cultivar selection; Economics of protecred agriculture; Marketing and distribution; Technology transfer between nations; Development constraints, research needs and the future of protected agriculture.
Download or read book Building Partnerships for Poverty Reduction written by Vanita Viswanath and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Draws on economic theory, developing country case studies, and lessons learned by OECD nations to examine the relationship between structural adjustment and agricultural research. Structural adjustment programs have been undertaken in many developing countries in an effort to overcome economic instability arising from commodity price shocks, domestic economic mismanagement, and diminishing access to international capital. Such programs take many forms and it is thus difficult to generalize about them, but they have had a profound effect on the economic environment in which agricultural production and consumption occur. This also affects the operation and performance of public sectorinstitutions, including national agricultural research systems. This study examines the complex linkages between structural adjustment and agricultural research. It draws on macroeconomic theory to discuss the relationships between adjustment, policy reform, and institutional hange. The report also focuses on country case studies of East Africa, Burkina Faso, Chile, Ghana, Indonesia, Mexico, and Sri Lanka to examine the successes and failures of adjustment programs in relation to agricultural growth rates. The role of the international community, including the World Bank, and experiences of OECD nations in this arena are reviewed.
Download or read book Health Expenditures in Latin America written by Ramesh Govindaraj and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 274. The preparation of the World Bank's World Development Report 1993: Investing in Health (WDR) included an effort to assemble internationally comparable statistics on a broad range of health and health system indicators. Data had to be compiled from existing sources while analytical efforts were made to improve the quality and comparability of the data. This paper presents an expanded and updated version of the WDR estimates of 1990 health expenditures for the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. Whereas the population cut-off for inclusion in the WDR was 3 million, these tables include almost all countries in the region. This update of the expenditures results in a substantial upward revision in the estimated percentage of GNP spent on health in the region in 1990 from 4 to 6%.
Download or read book Getting Ready for the Twenty first Century written by Charles H. Antholt and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The productivity growth of farming in Asian countries over the past few decades highlights the high returns on investments in agricultural research and extension made in the region. This publication examines the performance of agricultural research and extension programmes in Asia, including the World Bank's training and visit (TandV) system, the challenges they face, and ways of improving their relevance, responsiveness, and cost- effectiveness. Conclusions reached include the importance of raising agricultural productivity through new technology in order to promote long- term growth and poverty reduction, and the need for less intensive and more environmentally sound agricultural practices.
