Download or read book Agreements for Cooperation for Mutual Defense Purposes written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers executive agreements on nuclear weapons technology transfer with six NATO countries under provisions of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954. Appendixes containing agreement texts begin on page 141. Classified material has been deleted.
Download or read book Agreements for Cooperation for Mutual Defense Purposes written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Subcommittee on Agreements for Cooperation and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers executive agreements on nuclear weapons technology transfer with six NATO countries under provisions of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954. Appendixes containing agreement texts begin on page 141. Classified material has been deleted.
Download or read book Agreement for Cooperation with Italy for Mutual Defense Purposes written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers proposed agreement between U.S. and Italy on uses of atomic energy.
Download or read book The European Security and Defense Policy written by Robert E. Hunter and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2002-04-29 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) in the last two-thirds of the 1990s and continuing into the new century, has been a complex process intertwining politics, economics, national cultures, and numerous institutions. This book provides an essential background for understanding how security issues as between NATO and the European Union are being posed for the early part of the 21st century, including the new circumstances following the terrorist attacks in New York and Washington on September 11, 2001. This study should be of interest to those interested in the evolution of U.S.-European relations, especially in, but not limited to, the security field; the development of institutional relationships; and key choices that lie ahead in regard to these critical arrangements.
Download or read book NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2020 written by Frans Osinga and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-03 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access volume surveys the state of the field to examine whether a fifth wave of deterrence theory is emerging. Bringing together insights from world-leading experts from three continents, the volume identifies the most pressing strategic challenges, frames theoretical concepts, and describes new strategies. The use and utility of deterrence in today’s strategic environment is a topic of paramount concern to scholars, strategists and policymakers. Ours is a period of considerable strategic turbulence, which in recent years has featured a renewed emphasis on nuclear weapons used in defence postures across different theatres; a dramatic growth in the scale of military cyber capabilities and the frequency with which these are used; and rapid technological progress including the proliferation of long-range strike and unmanned systems. These military-strategic developments occur in a polarized international system, where cooperation between leading powers on arms control regimes is breaking down, states widely make use of hybrid conflict strategies, and the number of internationalized intrastate proxy conflicts has quintupled over the past two decades. Contemporary conflict actors exploit a wider gamut of coercive instruments, which they apply across a wider range of domains. The prevalence of multi-domain coercion across but also beyond traditional dimensions of armed conflict raises an important question: what does effective deterrence look like in the 21st century? Answering that question requires a re-appraisal of key theoretical concepts and dominant strategies of Western and non-Western actors in order to assess how they hold up in today’s world. Air Commodore Professor Dr. Frans Osinga is the Chair of the War Studies Department of the Netherlands Defence Academy and the Special Chair in War Studies at the University Leiden. Dr. Tim Sweijs is the Director of Research at The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies and a Research Fellow at the Faculty of Military Sciences of the Netherlands Defence Academy in Breda.
Download or read book NATO s New Strategic Concept A Comprehensive Assessment written by Sten Rynning and published by DIIS - Copenhagen. This book was released on 2011 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agreement for Cooperation for Mutual Defense Purposes with the Republic of France written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers proposed agreement between U.S. and Italy on uses of atomic energy.
Download or read book Europe s New Defense Ambitions written by Peter van Ham and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001-04 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the EU's Helsinki summit in 1999, European leaders took a decisive step toward the development of a new Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) aimed at giving the EU a stronger role in international affairs backed by a credible military force. This report analyzes the processes leading to the ESDP by examining why and how this new European consensus came about. It touches upon the controversies and challenges that still lie ahead. What are the national interests and driving forces behind it, and what steps need to be taken to realize Europe's ambitions to achieve a workable European crisis mgmt. capability?
Download or read book Agreement for Cooperation with NATO for Mutual Defense Purposes written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Subcommittee on Agreements for Cooperation and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The EU and NATO written by Gustav Lindström and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms written by United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economie Sovi tique Un Tournant written by Reiner Weichhardt and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Agreements for Cooperation written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Subcommittee on Agreements for Cooperation and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers. a. Agreement for Cooperation for Mutual Defense Purposes Between the Government of the U.S. and the Government of Belgium. b. Agreement for Cooperation Between the Government of the U.S. and the Government of Argentina Concerning Civil Uses of Atomic Energy. c. Amendments to atomic energy cooperation agreements between the U.S. and Brazil, the Republic of China, Euratom, France, Greece, Israel, Portugal, the Republic of South Africa, Thailand, and the Federal Republic of Germany on behalf of Berlin. Classified material has been deleted.
Download or read book International Agreements for Cooperation written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. [from old catalog] and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers. a. Agreement for Cooperation for Mutual Defense Purposes Between the Government of the U.S. and the Government of Belgium. b. Agreement for Cooperation Between the Government of the U.S. and the Government of Argentina Concerning Civil Uses of Atomic Energy. c. Amendments to atomic energy cooperation agreements between the U.S. and Brazil, the Republic of China, Euratom, France, Greece, Israel, Portugal, the Republic of South Africa, Thailand, and the Federal Republic of Germany on behalf of Berlin. Classified material has been deleted.
Download or read book Beyond NATO written by Michael E. O'Hanlon and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new Brookings Marshall Paper, Michael O'Hanlon argues that now is the time for Western nations to negotiate a new security architecture for neutral countries in eastern Europe to stabilize the region and reduce the risks of war with Russia. He believes NATO expansion has gone far enough. The core concept of this new security architecture would be one of permanent neutrality. The countries in question collectively make a broken-up arc, from Europe's far north to its south: Finland and Sweden; Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus; Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan; and finally Cyprus plus Serbia, as well as possibly several other Balkan states. Discussion on the new framework should begin within NATO, followed by deliberation with the neutral countries themselves, and then formal negotiations with Russia. The new security architecture would require that Russia, like NATO, commit to help uphold the security of Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, and other states in the region. Russia would have to withdraw its troops from those countries in a verifiable manner; after that, corresponding sanctions on Russia would be lifted. The neutral countries would retain their rights to participate in multilateral security operations on a scale comparable to what has been the case in the past, including even those operations that might be led by NATO. They could think of and describe themselves as Western states (or anything else, for that matter). If the European Union and they so wished in the future, they could join the EU. They would have complete sovereignty and self-determination in every sense of the word. But NATO would decide not to invite them into the alliance as members. Ideally, these nations would endorse and promote this concept themselves as a more practical way to ensure their security than the current situation or any other plausible alternative.
Download or read book NATO and Article 5 written by John R. Deni and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For much of the last 25 years, NATO has focused on crisis managementin places such as Kosovo and Afghanistan,resulting in major changes to alliance strategy, resourcing,force structure, and training. Re-embracing collective defense —which lies at the heart of the Treaty of Washington’s Article 5 commitment— is no easy feat, and not something NATO can do through rhetoric and official pronouncements. Nonetheless,this shift is vitally necessary if the alliance is to remain the bulwark of Western defense and security. Russia’s illegal annexation of Crimea and its invasion of Ukraine have fundamentally upended the security environment in Europe, thrusting NATO into the spotlight as the primary collective defense tool most European states rely upon to ensure their security. Collective defense is one of the alliance’s threecore missions, along with crisis management and cooperative security. It is defined in Article 5, the most well-known and arguably most important part of NATO’s founding treaty, which states: “The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all.” Although all three missions are vital to the interests of NATO’s many member states, collective defense has become first among equals once again. However,three very significant hurdles stand in the way of the alliance and its member states as they attempt to re-embrace collective defense. These loosely correspond to an ends-waysmeans construct. First is the alliance's strategy toward Russia. Is Russia an adversary,a partner,neither,or both? How should strategy and policies change to place the alliance and its members on more solid ground when it comes to managing Russia? Second are the ongoing disputes over resourcing and burden-sharing. In recent years, it has become commonplace for American leaders to publicly berate European allies in an effort to garner more contributions to the common defense. How might the alliance better measure and more equitably share security burdens? Third is the alliance’s readiness to fulfill its objectives. Many allies have announced or are implementing increases in defense spending. However, governments of European NATO member states are strongly incentivized by domestic politics to favor acquisition of military hardware or spending on personnel salaries and benefits,usually at the expense of readiness. The result is that NATO military forces risk quickly becoming hollow in a way that is often underappreciated, which will prevent the alliance from fulfilling the collective defense promise inherent in Article 5. The book examines all such questions to assess NATO’s return to collective defense and offer a roadmap for overcoming those challenges in both the short and long-term.
Download or read book Economic Developments in Countries of Eastern Europe written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
