Download or read book AGO Driven Non Coding RNAs written by Bibekanand Mallick and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-20 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ‘RNA world’ hypothesis that proposed RNA molecules as the first form of genetic material was put forwarded in the late 1980s but got impetus only recently when high-throughput sequencing technologies began unearthing new types of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts in higher eukaryotes. Till then, research on ncRNAs were primarily confined to transfer RNAs and, ribosomal RNAs, which act as the messengers of the protein synthesis and allow translation of genetic information encoded by DNA into proteins. In recent years, the integration of high-throughput genomic technologies with molecular biology and omics sciences have revolutionized the fields of ncRNA research by identifying the hidden treasures of several new types of ncRNAs encoded in the genomes of several organisms and decrypting their versatile roles in gene expression and epigenetics. Among these, two small endogenous ncRNAs, namely microRNAs (miRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that drive argonaute (AGO) family of proteins namely Ago and Piwi respectively and silence the expression of genes have geared up molecular and disease biology research in recent years. Both miRNAs and piRNAs are expressed in higher eukaryotes, including human and act as cellular rheostats by regulating the expression of significant fraction of genes encoded in the genomes. The aberrant expressions of these small ncRNAs within the cells cause various abnormalities and diseases including cancer. Manipulating their aberrant expression or function can serve as potential novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and bring in new therapeutic strategies for multiple human diseases. This can be further translated from bench-side to clinic for improving human health. This book captures the essence of the pioneering work of some of the world’s leading researchers showcasing the scientific excitements surrounding the evolving regulatory roles of miRNAs and piRNAs highlighting their potential towards the diagnosis and therapeutics of various diseases. The book is geared towards scientists, students, and will particularly appeal to active investigators in RNA biology, molecular biology, cancer research as well as clinicians and will provide them a comprehensive view of recent discoveries and research progresses to utilize miRNAs, piRNAs and their interacting proteins, Ago and Piwi for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics of diseases. Provides a unified cutting-edge resource for both miRNAs and piRNAs, two promising AGO-clade small ncRNAs, their functions and potential applications Showcase high-throughput technologies and other approaches for discovery of these small ncRNAs and their targets Unveils the diverse molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs and piRNAs regulate gene expression in animal cells Showcase recent discoveries on involvement of Argonaute and Piwi proteins in different biological processes and diseases as well as their possible use in diagnosis Report breakthroughs in the use of small ncRNAs for diagnosis and personalized therapy
Download or read book Non Coding RNAs written by Jan Barciszewski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-08-31 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General inspection of a role performed in the cell by RNAs allows us to distinguish three major groups of transcripts: I. protein-coding mRNAs, II. non-coding housekeeping and III. regulatory RNAs. The housekeeping RNAs include RNA classes that are generally, constitutively expressed and whose presence is required for normal function and viability of the cells. On the other hand, a group of regulatory RNAs includes RNA species that are expressed at certain stages of organism development or cell differentiation or as a response to external stimuli and can affect expression of other genes on the levels of transcription or translation. Non-coding RNA transcripts form a heterogeneous class of RNAs that can not be characterized by a single specific function. Initially, the term non-coding RNA (ncRNA) was used primarily to describe polyadenylated and a capped eukaryotic RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II, but lacking long open reading frames. Now, this definition can be extended to cover all RNA transcripts that do not show protein-coding capacity and is sometimes used to describe any RNA that does not encode protein, including introns. This book is an in-depth look at the function of Non-Coding RNAs and their relationship to Molecular Biology and Molecular Biology.
Download or read book Non coding RNAs and Inter kingdom Communication written by Ana Lúcia Leitão and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-26 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a state-of-the-art compilation of articles on the role of non-coding RNAs as pivotal molecules for establishing functional relationships between different organisms. It also describes how non-coding RNA molecules can act as dynamic communication devices and how they modulate the interaction between different kingdoms. It describes examples including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and higher organisms such as protozoa that are involved in pathogenic or symbiotic interactions, and the roles of different families of non-coding RNAs within these relationships. Each chapter provides readers molecular and functional insights, breaking down the subjacent mechanisms and exploring their functional implications and future applications. More than sixty years after the foundation of the “RNA tie club” by George Gamow, new roles for non-coding RNA molecules are starting to be revealed.
Download or read book Navigating Non coding RNA written by Joanna Sztuba-Solinska and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-06-17 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Navigating Non-coding RNA: From Biogenesis to Therapeutic Application provides a concise overview of the field of non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Chapters cover the history of discoveries that have occurred in the area of ncRNA, specific types of ncRNA, housekeeping ncRNAs such as ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, small nuclear RNA and telomerase RNA, regulatory ncRNAs such as microRNA, small interfering RNA, long non-coding RNA and Y RNA. Biogenesis, structure, function, and regulation of each of these are also explored in addition to traditional and cutting-edge methods for the identification, functional characterization and structural characterization of ncRNA. The book also focuses on the different types of epitranscriptomic modifications and their involvement in regulating ncRNA structure, stability and intermolecular interactions in addition to the role of ncRNAs in a range of diseases and potential therapeutic applications. Covers a wide range of non-coding RNAs, including ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, telomerase RNA, microRNA, small interfering RNA and circular RNA Features both traditional and novel methodologies for investigating ncRNA, from microarray and conventional chemical probing to CAGE-seq and computational methods Includes chapters on ncRNAs in a range of diseases, including cancers, neurological disorders, cardiovascular conditions and infectious illnesses Discusses novel therapeutic strategies for targeting ncRNAs, including CRISP/Ca9 applications and RNAi-based strategies Explores the molecular mechanisms and intermolecular interactions of ncRNA
Download or read book Small Non Coding RNAs written by Mathieu Rederstorff and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-10-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains state-of-the-art methods tackling all aspects of small non-coding RNAs biology. Small Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols guides readers through customized dedicated protocols and technologies that will be of valuable help to all those willing to contribute deciphering the numerous functions of small non-coding RNAs. Written in the highly successful Methods of Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubles troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Instructive and practical, Small Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols reaches out to biochemists, cellular and molecular biologists already working in the field of RNA biology and to those just starting to study small non-coding RNAs.
Download or read book Long Non Coding RNA Biology written by M.R.S. Rao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-16 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of the various aspects of long non-coding RNAs and discusses their emerging significance. Written by leading experts in the field, it motivates young researchers around the globe, and offers graduate and postgraduate students fascinating insights into genes and their regulation in eukaryotes and higher organisms.
Download or read book Long Non Coding RNAs written by Yi Feng and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume assembles a broad spectrum of methods used in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) research, ranging from computational annotation of lncRNA genes to molecular and cellular analyses of the function of individual lncRNA. Long Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols also discusses methods used to study circular RNAs and RNA splicing, as well as influential findings on lncRNA in human diseases. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Long Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols is a must-have for molecular biologists, cell and developmental biologists, specialists who conduct disease-oriented research, and bioinformatics experts who seek a better understanding on lncRNA expression and function by computational analysis of the massive sequencing data that are rapidly accumulating in recent years.
Download or read book Non Coding RNAs written by Lütfi Tutar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-03-04 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an attractive research field in the RNA world. ncRNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in animals, plants, and various human diseases. It is clear that current and further research on ncRNAs will change our knowledge of the nature of genome composition by editing previous dogmas. This book provides an overview of current knowledge on ncRNA research by dealing with miRNA and ncRNA-related human diseases, plant miRNA markers, and the roles of lncRNAs in cancer and epigenetics.
Download or read book Non Coding RNA Biology written by Boston Carter and published by Callisto Reference. This book was released on 2023-09-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins. They are divided into two categories, namely, housekeeping ncRNAs and regulatory ncRNAs. The main function of the ncRNAs is to maintain the normal cell functionalities. Small RNAs, ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), long ncRNAs and transfer RNAs are some types of non-coding RNAs, which are abundant and functionally significant. Numerous types of small and long non-coding RNAs are considered important regulators of gene expression in a variety of processes, which range from embryonic development to innate immunity. This promotion of gene expression is done by a special ncRNA named enhancer RNA, which is transcribed from the enhancer region of the gene. The human genome is encoded with thousands of small and long RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins. This book explores all the important aspects of regulatory non-coding RNAs. It will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers studying this topic.
Download or read book Drug Discovery in Cancer Epigenetics written by Gerda Egger and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-19 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug Discovery in Cancer Epigenetics is a practical resource for scientists involved in the discovery, testing, and development of epigenetic cancer drugs. Epigenetic modifications can have significant implications for translational science as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis or therapy prediction. Most importantly, epigenetic modifications are reversible and epigenetic players are found mutated in different cancers; therefore, they provide attractive therapeutic targets. There has been great interest in developing and testing epigenetic drugs, which inhibit DNA methyltransferases, histone modifying enzymes or chromatin reader proteins. The first few drugs are already FDA approved and have made their way into clinical settings. This book provides a comprehensive summary of the epigenetic drugs currently available and aims to increase awareness in this area to foster more rapid translation of epigenetic drugs into the clinic. Highlights the potential of epigenetic alterations in cancer for drug development Covers the tools and methods for epigenetic drug discovery, preclinical and clinical testing, and clinical implications of epigenetic therapy Provides important information regarding putative epigenetic targets, epigenetic technologies, networks and consortia for epigenetic drug discovery and routes for translation
Download or read book Long Noncoding RNAs in Plants written by Santosh Kumar Upadhyay and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth of human population has increased the demand for improved yield and quality of crops and horticultural plants. However, plant productivity continues to be threatened by stresses such as heat, cold, drought, heavy metals, UV radiations, bacterial and fungal pathogens, and insect pests. Long noncoding RNAs are associated with various developmental pathways, regulatory systems, abiotic and biotic stress responses and signaling, and can provide an alternative strategy for stress management in plants. Long Noncoding RNAs in Plants: Roles in development and stress provides the most recent advances in LncRNAs, including identification, characterization, and their potential applications and uses. Introductory chapters include the basic features and brief history of development of lncRNAs studies in plants. The book then provides the knowledge about the lncRNAs in various important agricultural and horticultural crops such as cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and fiber crop cotton, and their roles and applications in abiotic and biotic stress management. Includes the latest advances and research in long noncoding RNAs in plants Provides alternative strategies for abiotic and biotic stress management in horticultural plants and agricultural crops Focuses on the application and uses of long noncoding RNAs
Download or read book Regulation by non coding RNAs Volume 1 written by Nicholas Delihas and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 837 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in IJMS
Download or read book Non coding RNA and the Reproductive System written by Dagmar Wilhelm and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-11 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the role and function of regulatory RNAs that lack protein-coding potential in key reproductive tissues. This includes the role of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Through clear, detailed and comprehensive debate, international leading experts discuss the role these novel regulators in normal development of sexual dimorphisms, including the differentiation of ovaries and testes, the genital tract including prostate, epididymis and uterus, as well as mammary glands. In addition, particular attention is paid on their role in pathophysiological processes within the reproductive tract. The power of next generation sequencing has proved to be an invaluable tool to discover new non-coding RNAs. While the identification of non-coding RNA is relatively easy, analysing their function represents still a challenge today. In this book, authors present historical and conceptual background information, highlight the ways in which non-coding RNAs function is analysed and present their vision of the future research in their key research area.
Download or read book Regulatory Non Coding RNAs written by Gordon G. Carmichael and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2014-09-20 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols offers a collection of methods for those interested in the discovery, localization, and functional analysis of these non-coding transcripts that have the potential and ability to orchestrate and control gene expression. After a review of the field, this detailed volume continues with methods useful for the study of siRNAs, microRNAs and their targets, techniques concerned with long non-coding RNAs, as well as studies of the critical parameters of functional non-coding RNA protein-RNA interactions and the environment in which they act. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include brief introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips for troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Dependable and easy to use, Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols provides a current, state-of-the-art collection of methods and approaches that will be of value to researchers in this expanding and fascinating field.
Download or read book Cancer Genomics written by Hui Ling and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of microRNA (miRNA) involvement in cancer a decade ago, and the more recent findings of long non-coding RNAs in human diseases, challenged the long-standing view that RNAs without protein-coding potential are simply “junk” transcription within the human genome. These findings evidently changed the dogma that “DNA makes RNA makes protein” by showing that RNAs themselves can be essential regulators of cellular function and play key roles in cancer development. MiRNAs are evolutionarily conserved short single-stranded transcripts of 19–24 nucleotides in length. They do not code for proteins, but change the final output of protein-coding genes by regulating their transcriptional and/or translation process. Ultraconserved genes (UCGs) are non-coding RNAs with longer length (>200bp) that are transcribed from the ultraconserved genomic region. Both miRNAs and UCGs are located within cancer-associated genomic regions (CAGRs) and can act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. In this chapter, we present principles and concepts that have been identified over the last decade with respect to our understanding of the function of non-coding RNAs, and summarize recent findings on the role of miRNAs and UCGs in cancer development. Finally, we will conclude by discussing the translational potential of this knowledge into clinical settings such as cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
Download or read book Regulatory Non Coding Rnas written by Anna Robinson and published by Syrawood Publishing House. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non coding RNAs (ncRNAs) consist of a large portion of poly-A tailed mature RNAs. They are single stranded molecules, which are involved in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in a cell. There are two types of ncRNAs, which are regulatory ncRNAs and infrastructural ncRNAs. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are the four types of regulatory ncRNAs. The expression of thousands of genes is regulated through ncRNAs and this regulation can take place in either cis or trans. NcRNAs must be integrated into regulatory networks for the identification of molecular driver events. The two largest members of the ncRNA family, which includes long non coding RNA (lncRNA) and micro RNA (miRNA), play significant regulatory roles in gene expression. They are also involved in a variety of physiological processes including programmed cell death. This book unravels the recent studies on non coding RNA biology. It attempts to understand the regulation of non coding RNAs. For all those who are interested in ncRNAs, it can prove to be an essential guide.
Download or read book Computational Non coding RNA Biology written by Yun Zheng and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Non-coding RNA Biology is a resource for the computation of non-coding RNAs. The book covers computational methods for the identification and quantification of non-coding RNAs, including miRNAs, tasiRNAs, phasiRNAs, lariat originated circRNAs and back-spliced circRNAs, the identification of miRNA/siRNA targets, and the identification of mutations and editing sites in miRNAs. The book introduces basic ideas of computational methods, along with their detailed computational steps, a critical component in the development of high throughput sequencing technologies for identifying different classes of non-coding RNAs and predicting the possible functions of these molecules. Finding, quantifying, and visualizing non-coding RNAs from high throughput sequencing datasets at high volume is complex. Therefore, it is usually possible for biologists to complete all of the necessary steps for analysis.
