Download or read book Aghram Nadharif The Barkat Oasis Sha abiya of Ghat Libyan Sahara in Garamantian Times The Archaeology of Libyan Sahara Volume II written by Mario Liverani and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2006-11-01 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Il volume, secondo della serie dedicata alle ricerche ambientali, archeologiche e storiche nel Wadi Tanezzuft, l’imponente valle fluviale a occidente delle montagne del Tadrart Akakus, presenta la pubblicazione finale delle indagini condotte nel villaggio fortificato di Aghram Nadharif nell’oasi di Barkat. L’insediamento ebbe vita fiorente dal 50 ca. a.C. al 250 ca. d.C. e offre per la prima volta un quadro completo di un abitato dell’età garamantica nell’età classica. Oltre alla pubblicazione dello scavo e dei reperti archeologici, botanici e faunistici rinvenuti, il volume contiene una serie di interventi sulla storia del sito, l’economia, la demografia e il ruolo svolto dalla cittadella nella vita dell”intera regione.
Download or read book Life and death of a rural village in Garamantian Times Archaeological investigations in the oasis of Fewet Libyan Sahara written by Lucia Mori and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the results of the archaeological investigations in the oasis of Fewet (SW Libyan Sahara), carried out by the Archaeological Mission in the Sahara of the Sapienza University of Rome. Evidences of an ancient rural village were identified under the houses of the modern town of Tan Afella and a large necropolis, dated to the Garamantian times, spread at the fringes of the modern settlement. Until 1997 very little was known on the Garamantian period in the Wadi Tanezzuft area and on the transition from the pastoral to the early-historical phase. This period witnessed the gradual sedentarisation of human groups in the oases, and the development of caravan routes with the flourishing of an intra- and trans-Saharan trade. These processes, also influenced by significant alterations in climate, which led to the agricultural exploitation of the limited areas where water resources were available – the oases – were archaeologically unknown as far as settlements were concerned. The archaeological surveys and excavations carried out in the area of Fewet were particularly promising and are here analysed in a multidisciplinary perspective, which takes into consideration environmental and anthropological studies in the attempt to reconstruct the culture and the life of people inhabiting the Southern Fezzan region in early-historical times. «The historical archaeology of the Sahara remains an underdeveloped field of research, especially for the pre-Islamic period. The most significant exception to this rule has for long concerned the people known as the Garamantes, who inhabited the central Saharan region coincident with Libya’s south-west province, Fezzan. (…) This volume is a marvelous addition to the small corpus of published research on the Pre-Islamic oasis societies of the Sahara and provides a complementary perspective on the world of the Garamantes to the Anglo-Libyan work I have directed from their heartlands in the Wadi el-Ajal, c. 400 km to north-east of Ghat». Prof. David J. Mattingly, University of Leicester, UK.
Download or read book The power of walls Fortifications in ancient Northeastern Africa written by Friederike Jesse and published by University of Cologne. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Engraved Landscape Rock carvings in the Wadi al Ajal Libya written by Tertia Barnett and published by British Institute for Libyan and Northern African Studies. This book was released on 2023-02-23 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Engraved Landscape is a contextual analysis of a substantial new corpus of engravings from the Wadi al-Ajal, situated in the Central Saharan region of south west Libya. The wadi is renowned as the heartland of the Garamantian civilization, which emerged from local mobile Pastoral communities in the 1st millennium BC, and dominated trans-Saharan trade and politics for over a thousand years. Extensive archaeological and palaeoenvironmental investigations in recent years have provided detailed insight into the later prehistory and protohistory of the wadi and surrounding areas. However, prior to the fieldwork detailed in this work, only a handful of carvings had been recorded in the wadi. This work is based on systematic survey, conducted between 2004 and 2009, which recorded around 2,500 previously unknown or unpublished engraved and inscribed rock surfaces. All forms of engraving, whether figurative or surface markings, were viewed as significant residues of human interaction with the rock surface and were recorded. The resulting database provides an opportunity to analyze the engravings in relation to their changing physical and cultural contexts, and the discussion offers a fresh interpretation of Saharan rock art based on this substantial new evidence. An Engraved Landscape also captures in detail a unique heritage resource that is currently inaccessible and threatened. This record of the fragile engravings provides an important source of information for researchers and students.
Download or read book News from the past Progress in African archaeobotany written by Ursula Thanheiser and published by Barkhuis. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the contributions in this volume were presented at the seventh International Workshop on African Archaeobotany (IWAA), held in Vienna, 2-5 July 2012. They address past interrelationships between people and plants as evident in the rich archaeobotanical, ethnographic, and linguistic record of Africa. Since its inception two decades ago, IWAA has developed into a tightly knit community of scholars from all continents who share a profound interest in African ways of plant exploitation, trade networks, questions of origin, domestication and subsequent dispersal of African crops, as well as the introduction of crops of Asian and American origin.
Download or read book Mobile Technologies in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond written by C. N. Duckworth and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ancient Sahara has often been treated as a periphery or barrier, but this agenda-setting book – the final volume of the Trans-Saharan Archaeology Series – demonstrates that it was teeming with technological innovations, knowledge transfer, and trade from long before the Islamic period. In each chapter, expert authors present important syntheses, and new evidence for technologies from oasis farming and irrigation, animal husbandry and textile weaving, to pottery, glass and metal making by groups inhabiting the Sahara and contiguous zones. Scientific analysis is brought together with anthropology and archaeology. The resultant picture of transformations in technologies between the third millennium BC and the second millennium AD is rich and detailed, including analysis of the relationship between the different materials and techniques discussed, and demonstrating the significance of the Sahara both in its own right and in telling the stories of neighbouring regions.
Download or read book Trade in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond written by D. J. Mattingly and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Saharan trade has been much debated in modern times, but the main focus of interest remains the medieval and early modern periods, for which more abundant written sources survive. The pre-Islamic origins of Trans-Saharan trade have been hotly contested over the years, mainly due to a lack of evidence. Many of the key commodities of trade are largely invisible archaeologically, being either of high value like gold and ivory, or organic like slaves and textiles or consumable commodities like salt. However, new research on the Libyan people known as the Garamantes and on their trading partners in the Sudan and Mediterranean Africa requires us to revise our views substantially. In this volume experts re-assess the evidence for a range of goods, including beads, textiles, metalwork and glass, and use it to paint a much more dynamic picture, demonstrating that the pre-Islamic Sahara was a more connected region than previously thought.
Download or read book From Dust to Digital written by Maja Kominko and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2015-02-16 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of world’s documentary heritage rests in vulnerable, little-known and often inaccessible archives. Many of these archives preserve information that may cast new light on historical phenomena and lead to their reinterpretation. But such rich collections are often at risk of being lost before the history they capture is recorded. This volume celebrates the tenth anniversary of the Endangered Archives Programme at the British Library, established to document and publish online formerly inaccessible and neglected archives from across the globe. From Dust to Digital showcases the historical significance of the collections identified, catalogued and digitised through the Programme, bringing together articles on 19 of the 244 projects supported since its inception. These contributions demonstrate the range of materials documented — including rock inscriptions, manuscripts, archival records, newspapers, photographs and sound archives — and the wide geographical scope of the Programme. Many of the documents are published here for the first time, illustrating the potential these collections have to further our understanding of history.
Download or read book Landscapes and Landforms of the Central Sahara written by Jasper Knight and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-02-03 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the Central Sahara region, bringing together an unprecedented combination of diverse and often historic research published in different languages in order to describe its varied landscapes and landforms. The Central Sahara region consists of Libya, Algeria, Mali, Niger and Chad, countries that share similar landscape histories and common landscape traits, including massifs, sand seas, paleowater features and large depressions. Furthermore, human settlement of this region goes hand-in-hand with climate and environmental changes and landscape evolution during the Holocene and earlier; hence, Central Saharan landscapes and landforms provide valuable insights into landscape–human relationships over long timescales. The book offers a comprehensive yet accessible reference source, drawing on both past and present interdisciplinary research and gathering the insights of authors from many different countries to explore a region that has largely been overlooked in available literature.
Download or read book Landscapes and Societies written by I. Peter Martini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-09 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains case histories intended to show how societies and landscapes interact. The range of interest stretches from the small groups of the earliest Neolithic, through Bronze and Iron Age civilizations, to modern nation states. The coexistence is, of its very nature reciprocal, resulting in changes in both society and landscape. In some instances the adaptations may be judged successful in terms of human needs, but failure is common and even the successful cases are ephemeral when judged in the light of history. Comparisons and contrasts between the various cases can be made at various scales from global through inter-regional, to regional and smaller scales. At the global scale, all societies deal with major problems of climate change, sea-level rise, and with ubiquitous problems such as soil erosion and landscape degradation. Inter-regional differences bring out significant detail with one region suffering from drought when another suffers from widespread flooding. For example, desertification in North Africa and the Near East contrasts with the temperate countries of southern Europe where the landscape-effects of deforestation are more obvious. And China and Japan offer an interesting comparison from the standpoint of geological hazards to society - large, unpredictable and massively erosive rivers in the former case, volcanoes and accompanying earthquakes in the latter. Within the North African region localized climatic changes led to abandonment of some desertified areas with successful adjustments in others, with the ultimate evolution into the formative civilization of Egypt, the "Gift of the Nile". At a smaller scale it is instructive to compare the city-states of the Medieval and early Renaissance times that developed in the watershed of a single river, the Arno in Tuscany, and how Pisa, Siena and Florence developed and reached their golden periods at different times depending on their location with regard to proximity to the sea, to the main trunk of the river, or in the adjacent hills. Also noteworthy is the role of technology in opening up opportunities for a society. Consider the Netherlands and how its history has been formed by the technical problem of a populous society dealing with too much water, as an inexorably rising sea threatens their landscape; or the case of communities in Colorado trying to deal with too little water for farmers and domestic users, by bringing their supply over a mountain chain. These and others cases included in the book, provide evidence of the successes, near misses and outright failures that mark our ongoing relationship with landscape throughout the history of Homo sapiens. The hope is that compilations such as this will lead to a better understanding of the issue and provide us with knowledge valuable in planning a sustainable modus vivendi between humanity and landscape for as long as possible. Audience: The book will interest geomorphologists, geologists, geographers, archaeologists, anthropologists, ecologists, environmentalists, historians and others in the academic world. Practically, planners and managers interested in landscape/environmental conditions will find interest in these pages, and more generally the increasingly large body of opinion in the general public, with concerns about Planet Earth, will find much to inform their opinions. Extra material: The color plate section is available at http://extras.springer.com
Download or read book Archaeology of African Plant Use written by Chris J Stevens and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first major synthesis of African archaeobotany in decades, this book significantly advances our knowledge of relationship between agriculture and social complexity.
Download or read book Urbanisation and State Formation in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond written by Martin Sterry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-26 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ground-breaking volume pushes back conventional dating of the earliest sedentarisation, urbanisation and state formation in the Sahara.
Download or read book Burials Migration and Identity in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond written by M. C. Gatto and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Places burial traditions at the centre of Saharan migrations and identity debate, with new technical data and methodological analysis.
Download or read book Irrigation in Early States written by Stephanie Rost and published by Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irrigation has long been of interest in the study of the past. Many early civilizations were located in river valleys, and irrigation was of great economic importance for many early states because of the key role it played in producing an agricultural surplus, which was the main source of wealth and the basis of political power for the elites who controlled it. Agricultural surplus was also necessary to maintain the very features of statehood, such as urbanism, full-time labor specialization, state institutions, and status hierarchy. Yet, the presence of large-scale or complex irrigation systems does not necessarily mean that they were under centralized control. While some early states organized the construction, operation, and maintenance of irrigation works and resolved conflicts related to water distribution, other early governments left most of the management to local farmers and controlled only the surplus. The cross-cultural studies in this volume reexamine the role of irrigation in early states. Ranging geographically from South America and the southwestern United States to North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, they describe the physical attributes and environments of early irrigation systems; various methods for empirical investigation of ancient irrigation; and irrigation's economic, sociopolitical, and cosmological dimensions. Through their interdisciplinary perspectives, the authors-all experts in the field of irrigation studies-advance both methodological and theoretical approaches to understanding irrigation in early civilizations.
Download or read book ATLAS of Tadrart Acacus rock art A UNESCO World Heritage site in southwestern Libya written by Savino di Lernia and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 1026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rock art sites of the Tadrart Acacus in southwestern Libya were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1985, largely owing to the activities started in 1955 by Fabrizio Mori, founder of the Libyan-Italian Mission in the Tadrart Acacus and Messak. Since the beginning, the Department of Antiquities of Tripoli and Sebha, Libya, and Sapienza University of Rome, Italy, have worked in the region nearly without interruption until 2011. This book presents the archive of the rock art sites, identified and recorded by the Italian Mission and by independent scholars, as described and critically assessed by the authors within the framework of the ASArt-DATA project (the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme). The contributions introducing the catalogue contextualize the environmental, archaeological, and cultural aspects of the engravings and paintings. They include chapters addressing the historical, cultural, and diplomatic issues involved in the long-term bilateral scientific cooperation.
Download or read book Rome and the Worlds beyond its Frontiers written by Daniëlle Slootjes and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-10-05 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rome and the Worlds Beyond Its Frontiers examines interactions between those within and those beyond the boundaries of Rome, with an eye to the question of contested identities and identity formations.
Download or read book Archaeology in Africa Potentials and perspectives on laboratory fieldwork research written by Savino di Lernia and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa encompasses a multitude of environments and biomes that require specific scientific strategies – from desktop studies to field research to laboratory analysis – to tackle research questions that may range from the emergence of early humans to the ethnoarchaeological investigation. In several areas, turmoil, social instability and security constraints hamper or limit field activities and long-term funded programs. The kidnapping of German colleagues and the tragic death of two local collaborators in Nigeria urge to rethink our agenda and challenge our view of current research practice. This 1st Workshop on “Archaeology in Africa”, organized by Sapienza University of Rome, convened several researches from Italy or Italy-based researchers. The aim was to present and discuss theoretical, methodological and financial problems for Africanist researchers today. In a global perspective, the synergy between research groups is crucial. The need to intensify the national and international cooperation is also an essential step. This book collects a selection of the different perspectives presented to the workshop, mostly focussing from North Africa and East Africa.
