Download or read book Age at Marriage Age at First Birth and Fertility in Africa written by Charles F. Westoff and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report derives estimates from national sample surveys conducted in Africa over the past dozen years of the trends in age at first marriage and at first birth. By splicing together cohorts from the earlier World Fertility Survey and the more recent Demographic and Health Surveys, a pattern of rapidly increasing age at marriage and at first birth is depicted for some African countries, while for some others there is evidence of the beginnings of such change. The demographic significance of such changes is explained, and a model of fertility is constructed in which the role of these variables in the association between socioeconomic background factors and reproductive intentions and contraceptive prevalence is described. The units of observation are the provinces or regions of the countries based on a special data bank created for these analyses. The importance of women's education is highlighted, and the trends in educational achievement are reconstructed from these surveys over a 40-year span. The report concludes with some population policy reflections and emphasizes the potential importance of delaying the first birth by increasing the age at marriage. Population policies aimed at reducing fertility should certainly include efforts to raise the age at marriage.
Download or read book Social Dynamics of Adolescent Fertility in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This examination of changes in adolescent fertility emphasizes the changing social context within which adolescent childbearing takes place.
Download or read book Population Dynamics of Senegal written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the last in the series Population Dynamics of Sub-Saharan Africa, examines key demographic changes in Senegal over the past several decades. It analyzes the changes in fertility and their causes, with comparisons to other sub-Saharan countries. It also analyzes the causes and patterns of declines in mortality, focusing particularly on rural and urban differences.
Download or read book Fertility Decline in Africa written by Etienne Van de Walle and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fertility in Africa remains the highest in the world, the average total fertility rate for the continent is about 6.3 children per woman. So far little evidence is found of the beginning of a sustained and irreversible fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) of the sort experienced in other developing areas. Contraceptive use is low (except for spacing purposes and outside of marriage) in sub-Saharan Africa, but there is little evidence that this is due to short supply. Reported ideal family sizes remain quite high suggesting that demand for contraception is low. Analysis of the determinants of fertility in Africa using recently available data is likely to provide new insight into the prospects for fertility decline and the design of population policy. Future analysis should focus on four questions that may be answerable using existing data, and may prove useful in evaluating policy and targeting resources : 1) what are the sources and determinants of observed fertility decline in Africa?; 2) what effects does education have on fertility, family size, and contraceptive use?; 3) what are the likely effects of increases in availability and costs of schooling, health care and family planning services on contraceptive use and fertility? and 4) how will these increases affect measures of child survival, educational attainment and anthropometric status?
Download or read book Early Marriage A Harmful Traditional Practice A Statistical Exploration 2005 written by and published by UNICEF. This book was released on 2005 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marriage and Fertility Dynamics written by Kerry MacQuarrie and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a context of rising marriage age for women and a compression of first birth intervals, this study uses survival analysis, hazard models, and multivariate decomposition techniques to investigate the influence of marriage age on the first birth interval over time, and the implications of both marriage age and first birth interval on the second birth interval. Secondarily, the study assesses the influence of the gender context. The study analyzes these relationships in seven countries, four in South Asia and three in Southeast Asia, that have experienced significant change in either age at marriage or the first birth interval, or both. Demographic and Health Surveys data from over approximately a decade are used to examine changes in these dynamics over time. Significant increases in marriage age and significant decreases in the first birth interval (except in Cambodia) are observed, albeit at varying rates. Later marriage is associated with shorter first birth intervals but longer second birth intervals. Marriage age remains the most consistent influence on the first birth interval after controlling for birth cohort, gender context, and women’s and husbands’ characteristics. Compositional shifts toward later marriage contributes substantially (38%-89%) to declines in the first birth interval in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Indonesia, and the Philippines, while a change in the effect of marrying later contributes to change in the first birth interval in India and Nepal. Marriage age continues to influence the second birth interval, after controlling for the length of the first birth interval and other covariates.
Download or read book Demographic Change in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview includes chapters on child mortality, adult mortality, fertility, proximate determinants, marriage, internal migration, international migration, and the demographic impact of AIDS.
Download or read book Marriage Norms and Fertility Outcomes in Developing Countries written by Aniema Atorudibo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent UN data show that the lifetime fertility of women in developed countries has fallen below 2.1 live births. By contrast, fertility rates in most developing countries have remained quite high despite falling mortality rates. This paper examines the effect of culture on fertility outcomes in developing countries, using the norms of premarital sexual behaviour as a measure of culture. Three types of norms are identified viz., the emphasis on female early marriage, the emphasis on female virginity at marriage, and weakly censuring premarital sexual behaviour. These differences in premarital rules are a source of identifying variation in the age at first birth and the number of children. Using a sample of women aged 15 to 49 from Africa and Turkey, the study shows that premarital sexual norms significantly affect the age at first birth and the number of children per woman. It finds that the cultural emphasis on early marriage significantly lowers a woman's age at first birth while it raises her fertility level relative to the culture which weakly censures female premarital sexual relations. Conversely, the emphasis on female virginity at marriage increases the age at first birth and lowers fertility relative to the comparison group.
Download or read book Age at First Birth and Lifetime Fertility written by T. R. Balakrishnan and published by Population Research Laboratory, Department of Sociology. This book was released on 1988 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contraceptive Use and Controlled Fertility written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These four papers supplement the book Contraception and Reproduction: Health Consequences for Women and Children in the Developing World by bringing together data and analyses that would otherwise be difficult to obtain in a single source. The topics addressed are an analysis of the relationship between maternal mortality and changing reproductive patterns; the risks and benefits of contraception; the effects of changing reproductive patterns on infant health; and the psychosocial consequences to women of controlled fertility and contraceptive use.
Download or read book Hopes and Realities written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive summary of the report of the same name published by the Alan Guttmacher Institute in 1995.
Download or read book Fertility Trends and Determinants in Six African Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Death to Birth written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-01-12 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last 35 years or so have witnessed a dramatic shift in the demography of many developing countries. Before 1960, there were substantial improvements in life expectancy, but fertility declines were very rare. Few people used modern contraceptives, and couples had large families. Since 1960, however, fertility rates have fallen in virtually every major geographic region of the world, for almost all political, social, and economic groups. What factors are responsible for the sharp decline in fertility? What role do child survival programs or family programs play in fertility declines? Casual observation suggests that a decline in infant and child mortality is the most important cause, but there is surprisingly little hard evidence for this conclusion. The papers in this volume explore the theoretical, methodological, and empirical dimensions of the fertility-mortality relationship. It includes several detailed case studies based on contemporary data from developing countries and on historical data from Europe and the United States.
Download or read book Age at First Marital Union and Fertility written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Perspectives on Schooling and Fertility in the Developing World written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-01-11 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume assesses the evidence, and possible mechanisms, for the associations between women's education, fertility preferences, and fertility in developing countries, and how these associations vary across regions. It discusses the implications of these associations for policies in the population, health, and education sectors, including implications for research.
Download or read book Recent Fertility Trends in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-18 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fertility rates and population growth influence economic development. The marked declines in fertility seen in some developing nations have been accompanied by slowing population growth, which in turn provided a window of opportunity for rapid economic growth. For many sub-Saharan African nations, this window has not yet opened because fertility rates have not declined as rapidly there as elsewhere. Fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries are high: the total rate for the region is estimated to be 5.1 births per woman, and rates that had begun to decline in many countries in the region have stalled. High rates of fertility in these countries are likely to contribute to continued rapid population growth: the United Nations projects that the region's population will increase by 1.2 billion by 2050, the highest growth among the regions for which there are projections. In June 2015, the Committee on Population organized a workshop to explore fertility trends and the factors that have influenced them. The workshop committee was asked to explore history and trends related to fertility, proximate determinants and other influences, the status and impact of family planning programs, and prospects for further reducing fertility rates. This study will help donors, researchers, and policy makers better understand the factors that may explain the slow pace of fertility decline in this region, and develop methods to improve family planning in sub-Saharan Africa.
Download or read book For Better for Worse written by Kristine R. Baker and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
