Download or read book Affirmative Action Revisited written by Charles V. Dale and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few issues seem able to polarise the nation as easily as affirmative action. The question of how, even whether, to rectify past discrimination in jobs, schools, and law against women and minorities is a perpetually vexing one. While some call for a quota system to set minimum percentages and numbers for minority positions, others say qualifications should take precedence over race when hiring an employee, admitting a student, or enforcing a law. Civil rights groups claim that specific quotas are often the only way to make up for systemic racism; those opposing such actions cite 'reverse racism' affecting whites. Recent federal, state, and local cases have challenged several affirmative action programs, particularly those involving school admissions. Decisions in Texas and Michigan, for example have struck down the use of racial standards in choosing which applicants to admit to universities. Bills have been introduced to eliminate affirmative action programs in many state legislatures, though there are some who want to 'mend, not end' affirmative action. Because this most crucial issue of race relations shows no signs of disappearing, the analysis in this book takes on added importance. Taking a look at affirmative action from a legal standpoint, the book addresses and assesses the history, current status, and future of affirmative action initiatives and programs. Such a study is much-needed in gathering information about a raging national debate.
Download or read book Place Not Race written by Sheryll Cashin and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2014-05-06 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a nationally recognized expert, a fresh and original argument for bettering affirmative action Race-based affirmative action had been declining as a factor in university admissions even before the recent spate of related cases arrived at the Supreme Court. Since Ward Connerly kickstarted a state-by-state political mobilization against affirmative action in the mid-1990s, the percentage of four-year public colleges that consider racial or ethnic status in admissions has fallen from 60 percent to 35 percent. Only 45 percent of private colleges still explicitly consider race, with elite schools more likely to do so, although they too have retreated. For law professor and civil rights activist Sheryll Cashin, this isn’t entirely bad news, because as she argues, affirmative action as currently practiced does little to help disadvantaged people. The truly disadvantaged—black and brown children trapped in high-poverty environs—are not getting the quality schooling they need in part because backlash and wedge politics undermine any possibility for common-sense public policies. Using place instead of race in diversity programming, she writes, will better amend the structural disadvantages endured by many children of color, while enhancing the possibility that we might one day move past the racial resentment that affirmative action engenders. In Place, Not Race, Cashin reimagines affirmative action and champions place-based policies, arguing that college applicants who have thrived despite exposure to neighborhood or school poverty are deserving of special consideration. Those blessed to have come of age in poverty-free havens are not. Sixty years since the historic decision, we’re undoubtedly far from meeting the promise of Brown v. Board of Education, but Cashin offers a new framework for true inclusion for the millions of children who live separate and unequal lives. Her proposals include making standardized tests optional, replacing merit-based financial aid with need-based financial aid, and recruiting high-achieving students from overlooked places, among other steps that encourage cross-racial alliances and social mobility. A call for action toward the long overdue promise of equality, Place, Not Race persuasively shows how the social costs of racial preferences actually outweigh any of the marginal benefits when effective race-neutral alternatives are available.
Download or read book The Dream Revisited written by Ingrid Ellen and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A half century after the Fair Housing Act, despite ongoing transformations of the geography of privilege and poverty, residential segregation by race and income continues to shape urban and suburban neighborhoods in the United States. Why do people live where they do? What explains segregation’s persistence? And why is addressing segregation so complicated? The Dream Revisited brings together a range of expert viewpoints on the causes and consequences of the nation’s separate and unequal living patterns. Leading scholars and practitioners, including civil rights advocates, affordable housing developers, elected officials, and fair housing lawyers, discuss the nature of and policy responses to residential segregation. Essays scrutinize the factors that sustain segregation, including persistent barriers to mobility and complex neighborhood preferences, and its consequences from health to home finance and from policing to politics. They debate how actively and in what ways the government should intervene in housing markets to foster integration. The book features timely analyses of issues such as school integration, mixed income housing, and responses to gentrification from a diversity of viewpoints. A probing examination of a deeply rooted problem, The Dream Revisited offers pressing insights into the changing face of urban inequality.
Download or read book Affirmative Action Revisited written by Harold Orlans and published by Amer Academy of Political &. This book was released on 1992 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Affirmative Action written by Kathiann M. Kowalski and published by Marshall Cavendish. This book was released on 2007 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Outlines the arguments of those both for and against affirmative action programs and the history behind such programs"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Affirmative Action is Dead written by Faye J. Crosby and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book answers this important question. It examines explanations put forth by social scientists, finding various degrees of truth in most of them. Some situate the problem in the policy itself, suggesting that affirmative action functions as a governmentally sanctioned form of reverse racism or sexism, or that is is ineffective or socially disruptive. Such explanations may sound plausible, but they are incorrect. Other explanations locate the problem in the people who react to the policy, citing studies that document the links between ignorance, prejudice, and opposition to affirmative action. Yet even well-informed egalitarian people sometimes oppose affirmative action.".
Download or read book Affirmative Action written by A. M. Babkina and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide to the literature presents 451 descriptions of books, reports and articles dealing with all aspects of affirmative action including: Race relations; Economic aspects; Reverse discrimination; Preferences; Affirmative Action programs: Public opinion; Court decisions; Education and many more. Complete author and subject indexes are provided.
Download or read book Affirmative Action the Supreme Court and Political Power in the Old Confederacy written by Ronnie Bernard Tucker and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2000 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Affirmative Action, The Supreme Court, and Political Power in the Old Confederacy
Download or read book Racialized Politics written by David O. Sears and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2000-02-15 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are Americans less prejudiced now than they were thirty years ago, or has racism simply gone "underground"? Is racism something we learn as children, or is it a result of certain social groups striving to maintain their privileged positions in society? In Racialized Politics, political scientists, sociologists, and psychologists explore the current debate surrounding the sources of racism in America. Published here for the first time, the essays represent three major approaches to the topic. The social psychological approach maintains that prejudice socialized early in life feeds racial stereotypes, while the social structural viewpoint argues that behavior is shaped by whites' fear of losing their privileged status. The third perspective looks to non-racially inspired ideology, including attitudes about the size and role of government, as the reason for opposition to policies such as affirmative action. Timely and important, this collection provides a state-of-the-field assessment of the current issues and findings on the role of racism in mass politics and public opinion. Contributors are Lawrence Bobo, Gretchen C. Crosby, Michael C. Dawson, Christopher Federico, P. J. Henry, John J. Hetts, Jennifer L. Hochschild, William G. Howell, Michael Hughes, Donald R. Kinder, Rick Kosterman, Tali Mendelberg, Thomas F. Pettigrew, Howard Schuman, David O. Sears, James Sidanius, Pam Singh, Paul M. Sniderman, Marylee C. Taylor, and Steven A. Tuch.
Download or read book Affirmative Action written by S. N. Colamery and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 1998 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the John Holmes Library Collection.
Download or read book The Affirmative Action Puzzle written by Melvin I. Urofsky and published by Pantheon. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rich, multifaceted history of affirmative action from the Civil Rights Act of 1866 through today’s tumultuous times From acclaimed legal historian, author of a biography of Louis Brandeis (“Remarkable” —Anthony Lewis, The New York Review of Books, “Definitive”—Jeffrey Rosen, The New Republic) and Dissent and the Supreme Court (“Riveting”—Dahlia Lithwick, The New York Times Book Review), a history of affirmative action from its beginning with the Civil Rights Act of 1866 to the first use of the term in 1935 with the enactment of the National Labor Relations Act (the Wagner Act) to 1961 and John F. Kennedy’s Executive Order 10925, mandating that federal contractors take “affirmative action” to ensure that there be no discrimination by “race, creed, color, or national origin” down to today’s American society. Melvin Urofsky explores affirmative action in relation to sex, gender, and education and shows that nearly every public university in the country has at one time or another instituted some form of affirmative action plan--some successful, others not. Urofsky traces the evolution of affirmative action through labor and the struggle for racial equality, writing of World War I and the exodus that began when some six million African Americans moved northward between 1910 and 1960, one of the greatest internal migrations in the country’s history. He describes how Harry Truman, after becoming president in 1945, fought for Roosevelt’s Fair Employment Practice Act and, surprising everyone, appointed a distinguished panel to serve as the President’s Commission on Civil Rights, as well as appointing the first black judge on a federal appeals court in 1948 and, by executive order later that year, ordering full racial integration in the armed forces. In this important, ambitious, far-reaching book, Urofsky writes about the affirmative action cases decided by the Supreme Court: cases that either upheld or struck down particular plans that affected both governmental and private entities. We come to fully understand the societal impact of affirmative action: how and why it has helped, and inflamed, people of all walks of life; how it has evolved; and how, and why, it is still needed.
Download or read book Democracy and Distrust written by John Hart Ely and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1981-08-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This powerfully argued appraisal of judicial review may change the face of American law. Written for layman and scholar alike, the book addresses one of the most important issues facing Americans today: within what guidelines shall the Supreme Court apply the strictures of the Constitution to the complexities of modern life? Until now legal experts have proposed two basic approaches to the Constitution. The first, “interpretivism,” maintains that we should stick as closely as possible to what is explicit in the document itself. The second, predominant in recent academic theorizing, argues that the courts should be guided by what they see as the fundamental values of American society. John Hart Ely demonstrates that both of these approaches are inherently incomplete and inadequate. Democracy and Distrust sets forth a new and persuasive basis for determining the role of the Supreme Court today. Ely’s proposal is centered on the view that the Court should devote itself to assuring majority governance while protecting minority rights. “The Constitution,” he writes, “has proceeded from the sensible assumption that an effective majority will not unreasonably threaten its own rights, and has sought to assure that such a majority not systematically treat others less well than it treats itself. It has done so by structuring decision processes at all levels in an attempt to ensure, first, that everyone’s interests will be represented when decisions are made, and second, that the application of those decisions will not be manipulated so as to reintroduce in practice the sort of discrimination that is impermissible in theory.” Thus, Ely’s emphasis is on the procedural side of due process, on the preservation of governmental structure rather than on the recognition of elusive social values. At the same time, his approach is free of interpretivism’s rigidity because it is fully responsive to the changing wishes of a popular majority. Consequently, his book will have a profound impact on legal opinion at all levels—from experts in constitutional law, to lawyers with general practices, to concerned citizens watching the bewildering changes in American law.
Download or read book Mismatch written by Richard Sander and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2012-10-09 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate over affirmative action has raged for over four decades, with little give on either side. Most agree that it began as noble effort to jump-start racial integration; many believe it devolved into a patently unfair system of quotas and concealment. Now, with the Supreme Court set to rule on a case that could sharply curtail the use of racial preferences in American universities, law professor Richard Sander and legal journalist Stuart Taylor offer a definitive account of what affirmative action has become, showing that while the objective is laudable, the effects have been anything but. Sander and Taylor have long admired affirmative action's original goals, but after many years of studying racial preferences, they have reached a controversial but undeniable conclusion: that preferences hurt underrepresented minorities far more than they help them. At the heart of affirmative action's failure is a simple phenomenon called mismatch. Using dramatic new data and numerous interviews with affected former students and university officials of color, the authors show how racial preferences often put students in competition with far better-prepared classmates, dooming many to fall so far behind that they can never catch up. Mismatch largely explains why, even though black applicants are more likely to enter college than whites with similar backgrounds, they are far less likely to finish; why there are so few black and Hispanic professionals with science and engineering degrees and doctorates; why black law graduates fail bar exams at four times the rate of whites; and why universities accept relatively affluent minorities over working class and poor people of all races. Sander and Taylor believe it is possible to achieve the goal of racial equality in higher education, but they argue that alternative policies -- such as full public disclosure of all preferential admission policies, a focused commitment to improving socioeconomic diversity on campuses, outreach to minority communities, and a renewed focus on K-12 schooling -- will go farther in achieving that goal than preferences, while also allowing applicants to make informed decisions. Bold, controversial, and deeply researched, Mismatch calls for a renewed examination of this most divisive of social programs -- and for reforms that will help realize the ultimate goal of racial equality.
Download or read book Affirmative Action and Minority Enrollments in Medical and Law Schools written by Susan Welch and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2010-05-07 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Affirmative action is one of the central issues of American politics today, and admission to colleges and universities has been at the center of the debate. While this issue has been discussed for years, there is very little real data on the impact of affirmative action programs on admissions to institutions of higher learning. Susan Welch and John Gruhl in this groundbreaking study look at the impact on admissions of policies developed in the wake of the United States Supreme Court's landmark 1978 Bakke decision. In Bakke, the Court legitimized the use of race as one of several factors that could be considered in admissions decisions, while forbidding the use of quotas. Opponents of affirmative action claim that because of the Bakke decision thousands of less-qualified minorities have been granted admission in preference to more qualified white students; proponents claim that without the affirmative action policies articulated in Bakke, minorities would not have made the gains they have made in higher education. Based on a survey of admissions officers for law and medical schools and national enrollment data, the authors give us the first analysis of the real impact of the Bakke decision and affirmative action programs on enrollments in medical and law schools. Admission to medical schools and law schools is much sought after and is highly competitive. In examining admissions patterns to these schools the authors are able to identify the effects of affirmative action programs and the Bakke decision in what may be the most challenging case. This book will appeal to scholars of race and gender in political science, sociology and education as well as those interested in the study of affirmative action policies. Susan Welch is Dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Professor of Political Science, Pennsylvania State University. John Gruhl is Professor of Political Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Download or read book Personnel Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-07 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Affirmative Action and Preferential Admissions in Higher Education written by Kathryn Swanson and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 1981-82 Joseph L. Andrews Bibliographical Award presented by the American Association of Law Librarians ...an excellent bibliography which addresses a very important contemporary issue. It deserves a place in the collections of large public libraries, law libraries, and most academic institutions. --RQ
Download or read book Global Minority Rights written by Joshua Castellino and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important volume brings together a range of material in different areas of law and the social sciences that address questions concerning the rights of minorities. The discipline is arguably one of the oldest branches of public international law, and owes its heritage to those who struggled to create standards to protect the numerically inferior and non-dominant communities from the excesses of the majority. While reflecting this rich heritage, the works contained in this volume show the extent to which policy constructs (especially in law) have begun to pay heed to the need to include minorities in different domestic settings across the globe. To provide readers with a structured approach to understanding global minority rights law the editor divides the issues into six main headings, namely: Historical Development; Conceptual Development; Contemporary Challenges; Fundamental Norms of Minority Protection; Specific Rights of Minorities; Human Rights and Minority Rights.
