Download or read book Aeromonas Salmonicida and Aeromonas Hydrophila liquefaciens as Pathogens of Salmonid Fish A Selective Aeromonas Medium B Comparative Characteristics of Virulent and Avirulent Strains of Aeromonas Salmonicida C Effect of Water Temperature on Aeromonas Infections written by Ralph Hines MacCoy and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aeromonas Salmonicida and Aeromonas Hydrophila liquefaciens as Pathogens of Salmonid Fish A Selective Aeromonas Medium B Comparative Characteristics of Virulent and Avirulent Strains of Aeromonas Salmonicida C Effect of Water Temperature on Aeromonas Infections written by Ralph Hines McCoy and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies were directed toward the formulation of a selective Aeromonas medium that would permit the isolation of Aeromonas species in the presence of other common bacterial flora. The final composition of this medium, PBG Agar, in grams per liter, is: Bacto-peptone, 10; Bacto-beef extract, 10; glycogen, 4; NaCl, 5; sodium lauryl sulfate, 0. 1; brom thymol blue, 0. 1; agar, 15. The pH of the medium after autoclaving is 6. 9-7. 1. Any organism isolated from natural sources that gives characteristic yellow colonies in this medium under the specified conditions may presumptively be identified as either Aeromonas, Vibrio, or Pleisomonas. Aeromonas colonies are frequently surrounded by a yellow acidic halo in the green medium, and occasionally produce a small bubble of gas under the non-nutrient agar overlay. Biochemical and antigenic analyses were performed in an attempt to differentiate virulent (LD50 from one to 103 colony forming units per fish) from avirulent (LD50 greater than 106 cfu) strains of A. salmonicida. The virulent and avirulent representatives gave similar responses in the following tests: onset and duration of bacteremia in juvenile coho salmon after intramuscular injection; time of recovery of the organism from fish kidney during an acute infection; production of a leucocytolytic agent active on juvenile steelhead trout white blood cells at a dilution of 1;3000; a factor cytotoxic to cultured chinook embryo cells at a dilution of 1:320; formation of eight extracellular enzymes including elastase, several proteases and hemolysins; and the failure to produce hyaluronidase. There were two real differences observed between a virulent strain (As-SS-70) and an avirulent strain (As-Sil) of Aeromonas salmonicida. When grown on 1% peptone agar containing 1. 5% NaCl, colonies of As-SS-70 were opaque, convex, and granular while those of As-Sil were translucent, less convex, and non-granular. An attenuated strain of As-SS-70 gradually assumed avirulent colony characteristics with continued passage on artificial media. Sonicates of As-SS-70 and As-Sil were concentrated about 20 fold by dialysis against Polyethylene Glycol 4000. Use of these concentrated antigens and As-SS-70 rabbit antiserum demonstrated a unique antigen in the As-SS-70 sonicate by immunodiffusion techniques. This unique precipitin line was not observed in the As-Sil sonicate, or when anti-As-Sil rabbit antiserum was used. This was the second difference found between the virulent and avirulent strains. Groups of juvenile coho salmon were injected intramuscularly with about two LD50 doses of virulent A. salmonicida and held at temperatures of 74°F, 69°F, 64°F, 59°F, 54°F, 49°F, 44°F, and 39°F. Water temperatures of 59°F and above produced high mortality rates, with losses exceeding 40 percent at 54°F and 49°F. Mortality rates were very low at temperatures of 44°F and 39°F. The mean time to death was estimated to be 3.5 days at 69°F, with steady increases as water temperature decreased, to a maximum of 31 days at 39°F. Thus, the disease process was accelerated progressively as water temperature increased. When juvenile spring chinook salmon were intraperitoneally injected with about 1.5 LD50 doses of A. salmonicida, the mean time to death was estimated to be 2.9 days at 74°F, and was found to progressively increase as water temperature decreased, to a maximum of 18.4 days at 39°F. The effect of temperature on the growth rate of A. salmonicida in vitro appeared to be similar to its effect on the rate of progress of the infection in juvenile salmonids. The percentage of fatal infections among juvenile steelhead trout and coho salmon injected with Aeromonas hydrophila was high at temperatures of 64°F and above, moderate at 59°F, and zero at 49°F and below.
Download or read book Aeromonas Salmonicida and Aeromonas Hydrophila liquefaciens as Pathogens of Salmonid Fish written by Ralph Hines McCoy and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Temperature infectious diseases and the immune response in salmonid fish written by John L. Fryer and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Furunculosis and Other Diseases Caused by Aeromonas Salmonicida written by G. L. Bullock and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bacterial and Viral Diseases of Fish written by Jorge H. Crosa and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aeromonas Hydrophila and Motile Aeromonad Septicemias of Fish written by Rocco C. Cipriano and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Temperature on Diseases of Salmonid Fishes written by John L. Fryer and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index Biological sciences A E written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pathogenic Antigenic and Immunogenic Properties of Aeromonas Salmonicida Studied in Juvenile Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus Kisutch written by Lanny R. Udey and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An additional layer, exterior to the outer membrane cellwall layer, was found on Aeromonas salmonicida cells from aggregating strains. Nonaggregating strains were found to lack this layer. The nonaggregating strains were all avirulent (LD50 greater than 1 X 10 8 CFU/fish) while the majority of the aggregating strains were virulent (LD 50 less than 1 X 10 4 CFU/fish). Other, yet undetermined virulence factors may also be required for strains to be highly virulent. Cells from an aggregating strain adhered to fish and human tissue culture cell monolayers in significantly larger numbers (30 fold) than cells from nonaggregating strains. No differences were detected in acetic acid degraded 0-antigen polysaccharide or Bovien-type antigens from aggregating and nonaggregating strains of A. salmonicida using double immunodiffusion. Immunodiffusion also failed to detect any antigens in aggregating strains which might be associated with the additional layer. Such an antigen was detected in agglutination assays following agglutinin adsorption procedures using a rabbit anti- A. salmonicida serum. This antigen was not discernable in similar assays with antiserum from juvenile coho salmon. Thermal stress of the host and dosage of A. salmonicida were important parameters in water-borne challenge experiments. Actively immunized juvenile coho salmon, and those receiving juvenile coho salmon antiserum produced to the challenge strain, were significantly protected from furunculosis when challenged in the laboratory. Under natural challenge conditions (at the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife's Siletz River Salmon Hatchery) four A. salmonicida vaccines were evaluated. The parenterally administered vaccine significantly reduced the furunculosis mortality while three different oral vaccines provided no protection.
Download or read book Structure and Function of the Surface Layer of the Fish Pathogenic Bacterium Aeromonas Salmonicida written by Rafael Angel Garduño and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bacterial Fish Pathogens written by Brian Austin and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: De nadruk in dit werk ligt op de biologische aspecten van geteelde vis.
Download or read book Evaluation of the Protective Antigens of Aeromonas Salmonicida written by William Thomas Cox (Ph. D. in comparative pathology) and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Genetic Analysis of the Taxonomy and Surface Layer Of Aeromonas Salmonicida microform written by Robert J. (Robert James) Belland and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1987 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
