Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Beluga Whales in Cook Inlet Alaska June 1996 written by David J. Rugh and published by . This book was released on 1996* with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Beluga Whales in Cook Inlet Alaska June 1997 written by David J. Rugh and published by . This book was released on 1997* with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Beluga Whales Delphinapterus Leucas in Cook Inlet Alaska June 2005 to 2012 written by Kim E. W. Shelden and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has conducted aerial surveys of the beluga population in Cook Inlet, Alaska, each June and/or July since 1993. Results from 1993 to 2000 and 2001 to 2004 were published previously. The current document is a compilation of data from field reports for the subsequent years, from 2005 to 2012. Surveys during these year occurred 31 May-9 June 2005 (54.5 flight hours), 6-15 June 2006 (58.4 flight hours), 7-15 June 2007 (47.2 flight hours), 3-12 June 2008 (47.7 flight hours), 2-9 June 2009 (39.4 flight hours), 1-10 June 2010 (48.4 flight hours), 31 May-9 June 2011 (47.0 flight hours), and 29 May-7 June 2012 (53.0 flight hours). All surveys were flown in twin-engine, high-wing aircraft (i.e., an Aero Commander or Twin Otter) at a target altitude of 244 m (800 ft) and speed of 185 km/hour (100 knots), consistent with NMFS' surveys of Cook Inlet conducted in previous years. Tracklines were flown 1.4 km from the shoreline, along the entire Cook Inlet coast, including islands. Offshore transects were designed to run the length of Cook Inlet or in a sawtooth pattern across the inlet, minimizing overlap within each season, as well as between years. These aerial surveys effectively covered 25% to 34% of the total surface area of Cook Inlet in each of the 8 years and nearly 100% of the coastline (with the exception of 2007: 71%). In particular, most of the upper inlet, north of the Forelands where beluga whales are consistently found, was surveyed five to six times each year. Paired, independent observers searched on the coastal side of the plane, where virtually all beluga sightings occur, while a single observer searched on the offshore side. A computer operator/data recorder periodically monitored distance from the shoreline (1.4 km) with a clinometer (angle 10°). After finding beluga groups, a series of aerial passes allowed all four observers to each make four or more independent counts of every group, (i.e., typically 16 counts of each group conducted during 8 passes). In addition, whale groups were video recorded for later analysis and more precise counts in the laboratory. During the 8 years of surveys from 2005 to 2012, belugas were not seen in lower Cook Inlet (south of East and West Foreland) nor in the upper inlet south of North Foreland and Point Possession until 2012 when a group of at least seven belugas was observed headed toward West Foreland on 31 May. Before 1996, it was common to see beluga groups south of North Foreland in Trading Bay. Since the mid-1990s to early 2000s, only one or two beluga groups have been found in lower Cook Inlet south of East and West Foreland and none in the region between the Forelands and North Foreland. Groups of more than one or two whales have not been seen in the lower inlet since 1995. During the 2012 survey, this beluga group moved into the upper inlet and was observed in Trading Bay for the remainder of the survey (highest median count = 21 whales). The annual sums of medians from aerial counts provide a quick index of relative abundance, not corrected for estimates of whales missed and assuming there may be some exchange of whales between areas. Annual index counts from 2005 to 2012 (192, 153, 224, 126, 303, 291, 208, and 319, respectively) included the lowest (2008) and highest (2012) counts recorded since surveys began in 1993 (1993-2004 counts: 302, 276, 322, 287, 261, 192, 217, 184, 210, 181, 174, and 187).

Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Beluga Whales in Cook Inlet Alaska Between June 2001 and June 2002 written by David J. Rugh and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Leben und Reisen der ersten englischen Seefahrer Drake Cavendish and Dampier written by and published by . This book was released on 1836 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Beluga Whales in Cook Inlet Alaska July 1995 written by David J. Rugh and published by . This book was released on 1995* with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Belugas in Cook Inlet Alaska June 1994 written by David J. Rugh and published by . This book was released on 1994* with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Beluga Whales Delphinapterus Leucas in Cook Inlet Alaska June 2014 written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerial Surveys Abundance and Distribution of Beluga Whales Delphinapterus Leucas in Cook Inlet Alaska June 2016 written by Kim E. W. Shelden and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has conducted aerial surveys to estimate abundance of the beluga population in Cook Inlet, Alaska, each June, July, or both from 1993 to 2012, after which biennial surveys began in 2014. The current document presents survey results and subsequent analyses yielding an abundance estimate and population trend based on data collected during June 2016. Surveys occurred May 31 - June 9, 2016 (49.2 flight hours). All surveys were flown in twin-engine, high-wing aircraft (i.e., an Aero Commander) at a target altitude of 244 m (800 ft) and speed of 185 km/hour (100 knots), consistent with NMFS' surveys of Cook Inlet conducted in previous years. Tracklines were flown 1.4 km from the shoreline, along the entire Cook Inlet coast, including islands. Additionally, sawtooth pattern tracklines were flown across the inlet in 2016. These aerial surveys effectively covered 40% of the total surface area of Cook Inlet and 100% of the coastline. In particular, most of the upper inlet, north of the East and West Foreland where beluga whales are consistently found, was surveyed seven times (out of seven attempts). Paired, independent observers searched on the coastal side of the plane, where most beluga sightings occur, while a single observer searched on the inlet side. A computer operator/data recorder periodically monitored distance from the shoreline (1.4 km) with a clinometer (angle 10°). After finding beluga groups, a series of aerial passes allowed all observers to each make independent counts of every group. In addition, whale groups were video recorded for later analysis and more precise counts in the laboratory. [doi:10.7289/V5/AFSC-PR-2017-09 (https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/AFSC-PR-2017-09)]

Download or read book Alaska Marine Mammal Stock Assessments 1999 written by P. Scott Hill and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "On April 30, 1994, Public Law 103-238 was enacted allowing significant changes to provisions within the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA). Interactions between marine mammals and commercial fisheries are addressed under three new sections. This new regime replaced the interim exemption that has regulated fisheriesrelated incidental takes since 1988. Section 117, Stock Assessments, required the establishment of three regional scientific review groups to advise and report on the status of marine mammal stocks within Alaska waters, along the Pacific Coast (including Hawaii), and the Atlantic Coast (including the Gulf of Mexico). This report provides information on the marine mammal stocks of Alaska under the jurisdiction of the National Marine Fisheries Service"--Preface. [doi:10.7289/V5/TM-AFSC-110 (https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-AFSC-110)]

Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Belugas in Cook Inlet Alaska June 2001 2002 2003 and 2004 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerial Surveys of Belugas in Cook Inlet Alaska June 2001 2002 2003 and 2004 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book AFSC Processed Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alaska Marine Mammal Stock Assessments 1996 written by P. S. Hill and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "On April 30, 1994, Public Law 103-238 was enacted allowing significant changes to provisions within the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA). Interactions between marine mammals and commercial fisheries are addressed under three new sections. This new regime replaced the interim exemption that has regulated fisheries-related incidental takes since 1988. Section 117, Stock Assessments, required the establishment of three regional scientific review groups to advise and report on the status of marine mammal stocks within Alaska waters, along the Pacific Coast (including Hawaii), and the Atlantic Coast (including the Gulf of Mexico). This report provides information on the marine mammal stocks of Alaska under the jurisdiction of the National Marine Fisheries Service"--Preface. [doi:10.7289/V5/TM-AFSC-78 (https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-AFSC-78)]

Download or read book Preliminary Estimate of the Abundance of Beluga Whales in Cook Inlet Based on NOAA s June 1994 Aerial Survey and Tagging Experiments written by Roderick C. Hobbs and published by . This book was released on 1994* with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 2013-02 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distribution of Cook Inlet Beluga Whales Delphinapterus Leucas in Winter written by Donald J. Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: