Download or read book Adventure at Astoria Eighteen Ten to Eighteen Fourteen written by Gabriel Franchere and published by . This book was released on 1967-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adventure at Astoria 1810 1814 Translated and Edited by Hoyt C Franchere written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Chinook Indians written by Robert H. Ruby and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1976 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chinook Indians, who originally lived at the mouth of the Columbia River in present-day Oregon and Washington, were experienced traders long before the arrival of white men to that area. When Captain Robert Gray in the ship Columbia Rediviva, for which the river was named, entered the Columbia in 1792, he found the Chinooks in an important position in the trade system between inland Indians and those of the Northwest Coast. The system was based on a small seashell, the dentalium, as the principal medium of exchange. The Chinooks traded in such items as sea otter furs, elkskin armor which could withstand arrows, seagoing canoes hollowed from the trunks of giant trees, and slaves captured from other tribes. Chinook women held equal status with the men in the trade, and in fact the women were preferred as traders by many later ships' captains, who often feared and distrusted the Indian men. The Chinooks welcomed white men not only for the new trade goods they brought, but also for the new outlets they provided Chinook goods, which reached Vancouver Island and as far north as Alaska. The trade was advantageous for the white men, too, for British and American ships that carried sea otter furs from the Northwest Coast to China often realized enormous profits. Although the first white men in the trade were seamen, land-based traders set up posts on the Columbia not long after American explorers Lewis and Clark blazed the trail from the United States to the Pacific Northwest in 1805. John Jacob Astor's men founded the first successful white trading post at Fort Astoria, the site of today's Astoria, Oregon, and the North West Company and the Hudson's Bay Company soon followed into the territory. As more white men moved into the area, the Chinooks began to lose their favored position as middlemen in the trade. Alcohol; new diseases such as smallpox, influenza, and venereal disease; intertribal warfare; and the growing number of white settlers soon led to the near extinction of the Chinooks. By 1&51, when the first treaty was made between them and the United States government, they were living in small, fragmented bands scattered throughout the territory. Today the Chinook Indians are working to revive their tribal traditions and history and to establish a new tribal economy within the white man's system.
Download or read book Academic American Encyclopedia written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A twenty-one volume set of encyclopedias providing an alphabetical listing of information on a variety of topics.
Download or read book John Jacob Astor written by John Denis Haeger and published by Wayne State University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biography of John Jacob Astor's life and his career as a merchant, fur trader, and land speculator as vehicles for examining several important themes and issues in American economic and urban development between 1790 and 1860. John Jacob Astor was the best-known and most important American businessman for more than a half-century. His career encompassed the country's formative economic years from the precarious days following the American Revolution to the emergence of an urban-centered manufacturing economy in the late 1840s. Change was the dominant motif of the period, and Astor either exemplified the varied economic, social, and political changes in his business career or he directly affected the course of events. In this biography of John Jacob Astor, John Denis Haeger uses Astor's life and his career as a merchant, fur trader, and land speculator as vehicles for examining several important themes and issues in American economic and urban development between 1790 and 1860. Haeger addresses, in fascinating detail, the complexity of Astor's business endeavors, his extensive connections with the country's dominant political figures, and the "modern" business strategies and managerial techniques that he used to build his business empire. Astor was clearly not a business revolutionary who radically altered an existing system. He was, however, an entrepreneur who exerted a profound change on an industry. He fascinated his contemporaries precisely because he so mirrored his age and its changing business and economic patterns. He grasped the greater size and complexity of an emerging commercial economy in post-Revolutionary America and adopted strategies and structures that transformed the fur and China trades. His investment in city real estate, stocks, bonds, and even a western city made him part of America's evolution into an urbanindustrial society. For his era, John Astor's career was remarkable for its modernity, vision, and reflection of American economic and political values. More than just a personal biography, John Jacob Astor combines economic theories with a fascinating narrative that demonstrates, like no other book has, Astor's impact on the early republic.
Download or read book Books in Print written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Subject Guide to Books in Print written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Merchant Vessels of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Merchant Vessels of the United States written by United States. Coast Guard and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual List of Merchant Vessels of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adventure written by and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 1192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Merchant Vessels of the United States written by United States. Bureau of Customs and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book United States Investor written by and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New York Magazine written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-10-18 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York magazine was born in 1968 after a run as an insert of the New York Herald Tribune and quickly made a place for itself as the trusted resource for readers across the country. With award-winning writing and photography covering everything from politics and food to theater and fashion, the magazine's consistent mission has been to reflect back to its audience the energy and excitement of the city itself, while celebrating New York as both a place and an idea.
Download or read book Merchant Vessels of the United States including Yachts written by and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mariners Weather Log written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mariners Weather Log contains articles, news and information about marine weather events and phenomenon, storms at sea, weather forecasting, the NWS Voluntary Observing Ship (VOS) Program, Port Meteorological Officers (PMOs), cooperating ships officers, and their vessels. It provides meteorological information to the maritime community, and contains a comprehensive chronicle on marine weather. It recognizes ships officers for their efforts as voluntary weather observers, and allows NWS to maintain contact with and communicate with over 10,000 shipboard observers (ships officers) in the merchant marine, NOAA Corps, Coast Guard, Navy, etc.
Download or read book Books Out of print written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1078 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
