Download or read book Advanced Materials Science Technology in China A Roadmap to 2050 written by Ke Lu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-09 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As one of the eighteen field-specific reports comprising the comprehensive scope of the strategic general report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, this sub-report addresses long-range planning for developing science and technology in the field of advanced materials science. They each craft a roadmap for their sphere of development to 2050. In their entirety, the general and sub-group reports analyze the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology, describe the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process, predict that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution, and call for China to be fully prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on the detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in China's modernization, the reports draw a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology, work out China's S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with China's reality, further detail S&T initiatives of strategic importance to China's modernization, and provide S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with China's reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data, the reports provide researchers, government officials and entrepreneurs with guidance concerning research directions, the planning process, and investment. Founded in 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation's highest academic institution in natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences, to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment, to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government's decision-making, to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development, to initiate personnel training, and to promote China's high-tech enterprises through its active engagement in these areas.

Download or read book Innovation in China written by Richard P. Appelbaum and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-15 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China is in the midst of transitioning from a manufacturing-based economy to one driven by innovation and knowledge. This up-to-date analysis evaluates China's state-led approach to science and technology, and its successes and failures. In recent decades, China has seen huge investments in high-tech science parks, a surge in home-grown top-ranked global companies, and a significant increase in scientific publications and patents. Helped by state policies and a flexible business culture, the country has been able to leapfrog its way to a more globally competitive position. However, the authors argue that this approach might not yield the same level of progress going forward if China does not address serious institutional, organizational, and cultural obstacles. While not impossible, this task may well prove to be more difficult for the Chinese Communist Party than the challenges that China has faced in the past.

Download or read book 30 Years Review of China s Science Technology 1949 1979 written by and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 1981 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Development of the natural sciences in China over the past 30 years / Yan Jici -- 2. Scaling the new heights of nuclear science and technology / Wang Ganchang -- 3. Review of acoustics research in China / Maa Dahyou -- 4. Twenty years of the Institute of Semiconductors - a survey / Huang Kun, Wang Shouwu, Lin Lanying, Cheng Zhongzhi and Wang Shoujue -- 5. China's first laser / Wang Zhijiang and Wang Nenghe -- 6. Advances in biochemistry and molecular biology in China / Wang Yinglai and Shi Jianping -- 7. Recent advances of Chinese palaeoanthropology / Wu Ruking (Woo Jukang) and Wu Xinzhi -- 8. Brilliant achievements of palaeontological research in China / Lu Yanhao, Zhou Mingzhen, Hao Yichun and Li Zingxue -- 9. A survey on the developments of mathematics in new China / Su Buchin and Sun Laixiang -- 10. A theory of polymerization of silicic acid in aqueous solution / Tai Anpang and Chen Yungsan -- 11. Recent development in the study of theoretical organic chemistry in China / Sheng Huaiyu -- 12. A survey on astronomy research in new China / Yi Zhaohua and Qu Qinyue -- 13. On the advances and developments of weather prediction in China / Shu Jiaxin -- 14. New features of the earthquake science in China / Mei Shirong -- 15. A summary of marine research in China / Shen Zhendong -- 16. Winding roads and a bright future - 30 years of Chinese psychology / Xu Liancang -- 17. A brief introduction to traditional Chinese medicine / Tsai Chingfong -- 18. Commemorating the centenary of the birth of the great scientist Albert Einstein / Zhou Peiyuan

Download or read book A Cultural History of Modern Science in China written by Benjamin A. Elman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historians of science and Sinologists have long needed a unified narrative to describe the Chinese development of modern science, medicine, and technology since 1600. They welcomed the appearance in 2005 of Benjamin Elman's masterwork, On Their Own Terms. Now Elman has retold the story of the Jesuit impact on late imperial China, circa 1600-1800, and the Protestant era in early modern China from the 1840s to 1900 in a concise and accessible form ideal for the classroom. This coherent account of the emergence of modern science in China places that emergence in historical context for both general students of modern science and specialists of China.

Download or read book Science and Technology in Post Mao China written by Denis Fred Simon and published by Harvard Univ Asia Center. This book was released on 1989 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Along with the political and economic reforms that have characterized the post-Mao era in China there has been a potentially revolutionary change in Chinese science and technology. Here sixteen scholars examine various facets of the current science and technology scene, comparing it with the past and speculating about future trends. Two chapters dealing with science under the Nationalists and under Mao are followed by a section of extensive analysis of reforms under Deng Xiaoping, focusing on the organizational system, the use of human resources, and the emerging response to market forces. Chapters dealing with changes in medical care, agriculture, and military research and development demonstrate how these reforms have affected specific areas during the Chinese shift away from Party orthodoxy and Maoist populism toward professional expertise as the guiding principle in science and technology. Three further chapters deal with China's interface with the world at large in the process of technology transfer. Both the introductory and concluding chapters describe the tension between the Chinese Communist Party structure, with its inclinations toward strict vertical control, and the scientific and technological community's need for a free flow of information across organizational, disciplinary, and national boundaries.

Download or read book Science in Traditional China written by Joseph Needham and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's preeminent authority on Chinese science explores the philosophy, social structure, arts, crafts, and even military strategies that form our understanding of Chinese science, making instructive comparisons along the way to similar elements of Indian, Hellenistic, and Arabic cultures. A major portion of the book concentrates on Taoist alchemy that led not only to the invention of gunpowder and firearms, but also, through the search for macrobiotic life-elixirs, to the rise of modern medical chemistry.

Download or read book Ancient China s Technology and Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "China's achievements in science and technology are among the most impressive aspects of her rich cultural past. Before the 15th century, her scientific developments often far surpassed those of the West. Shipbuilding, mathematics, alchemy, city planning, tea growing, carriage building and earthquake forecasting are just a few of the 47 areas explored here."

Download or read book Science Progress in China written by Lu Yongxiang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-02 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, China is in a critical period of development facing a series of challenges such as optimizing the economic structure, rationalizing the use of resources, protecting the ecological environment, eradicating poverty, and fostering coordinated development of the whole society. These challenges can not be comprehensively address without the integrated development of science and technology. This book takes an active part in international cooperation for promoting the development of science and technology and the progress of human civilization. In Science Progress in China Chinese scientists have outlined the development and accomplishments across a spectrum of science over the past 50 years. Scientific acheivements discussed include: the first synthesis of crystalline bovine insulin, the publication of the diagram of rice genes and much more.

Download or read book Global China written by Tarun Chhabra and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-06-22 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global implications of China's rise as a global actor In 2005, a senior official in the George W. Bush administration expressed the hope that China would emerge as a “responsible stakeholder” on the world stage. A dozen years later, the Trump administration dramatically shifted course, instead calling China a “strategic competitor” whose actions routinely threaten U.S. interests. Both assessments reflected an underlying truth: China is no longer just a “rising” power. It has emerged as a truly global actor, both economically and militarily. Every day its actions affect nearly every region and every major issue, from climate change to trade, from conflict in troubled lands to competition over rules that will govern the uses of emerging technologies. To better address the implications of China's new status, both for American policy and for the broader international order, Brookings scholars conducted research over the past two years, culminating in a project: Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World. The project is intended to furnish policy makers and the public with hard facts and deep insights for understanding China's regional and global ambitions. The initiative draws not only on Brookings's deep bench of China and East Asia experts, but also on the tremendous breadth of the institution's security, strategy, regional studies, technological, and economic development experts. Areas of focus include the evolution of China's domestic institutions; great power relations; the emergence of critical technologies; Asian security; China's influence in key regions beyond Asia; and China's impact on global governance and norms. Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World provides the most current, broad-scope, and fact-based assessment of the implications of China's rise for the United States and the rest of the world.

Download or read book The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China Volume 5 written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fifth volume abridgement of Joseph Needham's monumental work is concerned with the staggering civil engineering feats made in early and medieval China.

Download or read book On Their Own Terms written by Benjamin A. Elman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In On Their Own Terms, Benjamin A. Elman offers a much-needed synthesis of early Chinese science during the Jesuit period (1600-1800) and the modern sciences as they evolved in China under Protestant influence (1840s-1900). By 1600 Europe was ahead of Asia in producing basic machines, such as clocks, levers, and pulleys, that would be necessary for the mechanization of agriculture and industry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Elman shows, Europeans still sought from the Chinese their secrets of producing silk, fine textiles, and porcelain, as well as large-scale tea cultivation. Chinese literati borrowed in turn new algebraic notations of Hindu-Arabic origin, Tychonic cosmology, Euclidian geometry, and various computational advances. Since the middle of the nineteenth century, imperial reformers, early Republicans, Guomindang party cadres, and Chinese Communists have all prioritized science and technology. In this book, Elman gives a nuanced account of the ways in which native Chinese science evolved over four centuries, under the influence of both Jesuit and Protestant missionaries. In the end, he argues, the Chinese produced modern science on their own terms.

Download or read book On the Development of China s Information Technology Industry written by Jiang Zemin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-13 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1980’s, Jiang Zemin, then Minister of Electronics Ministry of China, assessed the IT industry as ‘the strategic high ground in international competition.’ He "perceived the discrepancy between China’s level and the world's advanced level was so great that we had to do our utmost to catch up." Since then through numerous articles and frequent speeches he has drawn up a detailed technological and policy roadmap for doing exactly that. This volume collects over 25 pieces written over more than 20 years. It demonstrates the former president of China’s authority and insight into the development of China’s IT industry since the introduction of reforms, and the cutting-edge issues experienced throughout the global IT industry. Jiang’s ambitious goal is the transformation of China into a leader in the global IT industry by 2020. This volume offers IT industry analysts, China watchers, policy makers and advisors, IT researchers, and investors a singular and authoritative view on how China should get there. Establishes key measurements for the development of China’s IT industry Sets forth the priorities for government and industry Identifies opportunities for interrelating military and civilian R&D and applications Reveals key obstacles to progress and directives for overcoming them Sets out an R&D agenda for industry Names the core industry sectors for government and industry investment Identifies opportunities and the necessity for international collaboration Establishes the need to develop China’s own IPR and to respect and protect others’ IPR

Download or read book Communication and Popularization of Science and Technology in China written by Fujun Ren and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to be a reference for researchers studying the promotion of scientific literacy in China, as well as a guide for those interested in promoting scientific awareness. It covers advances in science and technology, communication and popularization practice, and research (STCP) both in China and abroad. Theoretical issues are discussed, and important problems in promoting scientific and technological awareness are identified (e.g.: basic principles, structures, channels of communication and current needs) This bookprovides a summary of the advances in STCP in China in recent years (especially after the issuing of the “National Scientific Literacy Outline”) including STCP resource and capacity building, science popularization policies, practitioner development, infrastructure construction, and the development of the science popularization industry as a whole. At the same time, this book also reviews thedesign, organization, monitoring and evaluation of science and technology communication and popularization programs. It also highlights current STCP trends and developments in China and calls for a greater emphasis to be placed on research into promoting scientific literacy. It is hoped that this book will be useful to readers both in China and abroad by familiarizing them with the history and theory of STCP as well as its development over time. The 1st chapter briefly reviews the history of STCP. The 2nd through 5th chapters discuss the conceptual framework, basic structure, methods of communication, and current STCP needs. The 6th chapter introduces the principle content of programs aimed at improving Chinese citizens’ scientific literacy, while the 7th and 8th chapters analyze the resources, capacities and conditions that have been developed for STCP in China. The 9th chapter investigates the organization, monitoring and evaluation of science popularization practices, and the final chapter summarizes important STCP topics and trends in contemporary China.

Download or read book American Science and Modern China 1876 1936 written by Peter Buck and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1980-05-30 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essay in comparative history focuses on the transmission of scientific ideas and organizations from the United States to China.

Download or read book Development History Of Ancient Chinese Glass Technology written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worldwide research on ancient glass began in the early 20th century. A consensus has been reached in the community of Archaeology that the first manmade or synthetic glasses, based on archaeological findings, originated in the Middle East during the 5000-3000's BC. By contrast, the manufacturing technology of pottery and ceramics were well developed in ancient China. The earliest pottery and ceramics dates back to the Shang Dynasty - the Zhou Dynasty (1700 BC-770 BC), while the earliest ancient glass artifacts unearthed in China dates back to the Western Han Dynasty. Utilizing the state-of-the art analytical and spectroscopic methods, the recent findings demonstrate that China had already developed its own glassmaking technology at latest since 200 BC. There are two schools of viewpoint on the origin of ancient Chinese glass. The more common one believes that ancient Chinese glass originated from the import of glassmaking technology from the West as a result of Sino-West trade exchanges in the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-25 AD). The other scientifically demonstrates that homemade ancient Chinese glass with unique domestic formula containing both PbO and BaO were made as early as in the Pre-Qin Period or even the Warring States Period (770 BC-221 BC), known as Yousha or Faience.This English version of the previously published Chinese book entitled Development History of Ancient Chinese Glass Technology is for universities and research institutes where various research and educational activities of ancient glass and history are conducted. With 18 chapters, the scope of this book covers very detailed information on scientifically based findings of ancient Chinese glass development and imports and influence of foreign glass products as well as influence of the foreign glass manufacturing processes through the trade exchanges along the Silk Road(s).

Download or read book China s Scientific Goals written by The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has emerged as a world leader in scientific research and development and spends more on science than any other country. China's Scientific Goals: Medicine reveals China's approach, aims and strategies towards medicine to 2022. A Millennia ago China led the world in many areas of science and this series illuminates China's science strategy for the 21st century. Each book contains top-level reference material outlining the development and stages of key science rules and trends, alongside key information from the frontier of China's extensive science fields. It highlights the direction and developmental progress of China's government-level scientific work and research, with information on China's science research, Government-level coordination efforts, and sustainable development initiatives. Written by experts at the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. NSFC co-operates with the Ministry of Science and Technology to formulate the policies for the development of basic research in China. Reader benefits: pinpoints China's goals and possible future advancements in medicine; contributions from government-level Chinese scientists.

Download or read book Recent Advances in the Scientific Research on Ancient Glass and Glaze written by Fuxi Gan and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The aim of the book is to report the recent research development of ancient glass and glazing technology and the historical–cultural exchange of the East and West along the Silk Road. The contents of this book are dedicated to promote the exchanges between researchers in both social and scientific fields. The scope of this book includes the new archaeological findings of ancient glass and faience in the world, the relationship of glassmaking with glazing technology, the development and application of modern techniques used for the characterization of ancient glass and glaze, compound colorants/opacifiers among ancient glass, the early exchanges of culture and techniques used between China and elsewhere along the Silk Road, and so on."--Provided by publisher.