Download or read book Advances in Phase Contrast Imaging Using Fully and Partially Coherent Wavefields written by Mario Alejandro Beltran Toro and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray phase contrast imaging enables the visualization of an object's features that otherwise would be impossible to obtain with conventional absorption based X-ray imaging. The first part of this thesis focuses specifically on propagation-based phase contrast imaging (PBI). It has a particular emphasis on the quantitative image reconstruction under the assumption that the source of illumination is fully coherent. It presents the existing methods of extracting quantitative information as well as original ones developed in this thesis. The second part of this thesis takes a purely theoretical route, which focuses on studying the forward problem of aberrated optical systems under partially coherent illumination. This thesis begins with a general overview and review of the relevant literature including the theory of coherent X-ray wavefield diffraction, partial coherence, phase-contrast X-ray imaging, and phase-contrast tomography. Particular emphasis is given to PBI. We then move to the original work that involved developing a method to carry out quantitative PBI based tomography on multi-material samples using only a single view per tomographic projection. The samples considered here are those for which (i) the complex refractive index of each component of the sample is known, and (ii) the component materials are spatially quantized. The method was applied to tomographic data obtained at the SPring-8 synchrotron facility in Japan. The sample used was a multi-material test phantom. The refractive index distribution of the test phantom was recovered in three dimensions with a single phase contrast image per projection. The method was applied successfully and was very stable under the presence of noise, opening the possibility of significant dose reduction incurred by samples. The next step in this work sees the application of the aforementioned method to complex biological organs. The chosen organs were the thorax of a rabbit pup and an excised rat brain. Experimental data were also acquired at the SPring-8 synchrotron facility in Japan. Tomographic slices containing the refractive index distribution for each organ were reconstructed using a single phase contrast image per projection. Signal-to-noise ratios for each reconstructions showed significant improvements of up 200 fold compared to absorption contrast reconstructions of the same slices. Finally, this thesis treats the problem of arbitrary aberrations in linear shift-invariant optical systems. This involves mathematically establishing a series of expressions considering arbitrary forms of phase contrast modalities as well as taking into account partially coherent illumination. Expressions are presented for the output cross spectral density under the space-frequency formulation of statistically stationary partially coherent fields. This could broaden the applicability of phase contrast to sources of lower quality.
Download or read book Phase Contrast and Dark Field Imaging written by Simon Zabler and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Phase-Contrast and Dark-Field Imaging" that was published in J. Imaging
Download or read book Phase Space Methods for Partially Coherent Wavefields written by Ari T. Friberg and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics written by Peter W. Hawkes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-09-28 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series bridges the gap between academic researchers and R&D designers by addressing and solving daily issues, which makes it essential reading.This volume looks at theory and it’s application in a practical sense, with a full account of the methods used and realistic detailed application. The authors do this by examining the latest developments, historic illustrations and mathematical fundamentals of the exciting developments in imaging and electron physics and apply them to realistic practical situations. * Emphasizes broad and in depth article collaborations between world-renowned scientists in the field of image and electron physics* Presents theory and it's application in a practical sense, providing long awaited solutions and new findings* Provides the steps in finding answers for the highly debated questions
Download or read book Deep Learning Based Phase Retrieval for X ray Phase Contrast Imaging written by Kannara Mom and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of highly coherent X-ray sources, such as third-generation synchrotron radiation facilities, has significantly contributed to the advancement of phase contrast imaging. The high degree of coherence of these sources enables efficient implementation of phase contrast techniques, and can increase sensitivity by several orders of magnitude. This novel imaging technique has found applications in a wide range of fields, including material science, paleontology, bone research, medicine, and biology. It enables the imaging of samples with low absorption constituents, where traditional absorption-based methods may fail to provide sufficient contrast. Several phase-sensitive imaging techniques have been developed, among them, propagation-based imaging requires no equipment other than the source, object and detector. Although the intensity can be measured at one or several propagation distances, the phase information is lost and must be estimated from those diffraction patterns, a process called phase retrieval. Phase retrieval in this context is a nonlinear ill-posed inverse problem. Various classical methods have been proposed to retrieve the phase, either by linearizing the problem to obtain an analytical solution, or by iterative algorithms. The main purpose of this thesis was to study what new deep learning approaches could bring to this phase retrieval problem. Various deep learning algorithms have been proposed and evaluated to address this problem. In the first part of this work, we show how neural networks can be used to reconstruct directly from measurements data, without model information. The architecture of the Mixed Scale Dense Network (MS-D Net) is introduced, combining dilated convolution and dense connection. In the second part of this thesis, we propose a nonlinear primal-dual algorithm for the retrieval of phase shift and absorption from a single X-ray in-line phase contrast. We showed that choosing different regularizers for absorption and phase can improve the reconstructions. In the third part, we propose to integrate neural networks into an existing optimization scheme using so-called unrolling approaches, in order to give the convolutional neural networks a specific role in the reconstruction. The performance of theses algorithms are evaluated using simulated noisy data as well as images acquired at NanoMAX (MAX IV, Lund, Sweden).
Download or read book Journal of the Optical Society of America written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy written by Stephen J. Pennycook and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-24 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scanning transmission electron microscopy has become a mainstream technique for imaging and analysis at atomic resolution and sensitivity, and the authors of this book are widely credited with bringing the field to its present popularity. Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy(STEM): Imaging and Analysis will provide a comprehensive explanation of the theory and practice of STEM from introductory to advanced levels, covering the instrument, image formation and scattering theory, and definition and measurement of resolution for both imaging and analysis. The authors will present examples of the use of combined imaging and spectroscopy for solving materials problems in a variety of fields, including condensed matter physics, materials science, catalysis, biology, and nanoscience. Therefore this will be a comprehensive reference for those working in applied fields wishing to use the technique, for graduate students learning microscopy for the first time, and for specialists in other fields of microscopy.
Download or read book Phase Contrast and Dark Field Imaging written by Simon Zabler and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intent of this Special Issue is to provide a framework with which scientists in several different disciplines, related to phase-contrast and dark-field imaging, can illustrate their ideas and results. The articles are reviews or very recent scientific reports; they address newcomers in the field, as well as experts and professors in fields of X-ray physics, electron, and phase-contrast X-ray imaging.
Download or read book Synchrotron Radiation in Materials Science written by Chunhai Fan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meeting the long-felt need for in-depth information on one of the most advanced material characterization methods, a top team of editors and authors from highly prestigious facilities and institutions covers a range of synchrotron techniques that have proven useful for materials research. Following an introduction to synchrotron radiation and its sources, the second part goes on to describe the various techniques that benefit from this especially bright light, including X-ray absorption, diffraction, scattering, imaging, and lithography. The thrid and final part provides an overview of the applications of synchrotron radiation in materials science. bridging the gap between specialists in synchrotron research and material scientists, this is a unique and indispensable resource for academic and industrial researchers alike.
Download or read book Image Enhancement by Partially Coherent Imaging written by William T. Rhodes and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phase Retrieval by Coherent Modulation Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase retrieval is a long-standing problem in imaging when only the intensity of the wavefield can be recorded. Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is a lensless technique that uses iterative algorithms to recover amplitude and phase contrast images from diffraction intensity data. For general samples, phase retrieval from a single diffraction pattern has been an algorithmic and experimental challenge. Here we report a method of phase retrieval that uses a known modulation of the sample exit-wave. This coherent modulation imaging (CMI) method removes inherent ambiguities of CDI and uses a reliable, rapidly converging iterative algorithm involving three planes. It works for extended samples, does not require tight support for convergence, and relaxes dynamic range requirements on the detector. CMI provides a robust method for imaging in materials and biological science, while its single-shot capability will benefit the investigation of dynamical processes with pulsed sources, such as X-ray free electron laser.
Download or read book Advances in Phase contrast Tomography written by Glenn Robert Myers and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanoscale Photonic Imaging written by Tim Salditt and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-09 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book, edited and authored by a team of world-leading researchers, provides a broad overview of advanced photonic methods for nanoscale visualization, as well as describing a range of fascinating in-depth studies. Introductory chapters cover the most relevant physics and basic methods that young researchers need to master in order to work effectively in the field of nanoscale photonic imaging, from physical first principles, to instrumentation, to mathematical foundations of imaging and data analysis. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how these cutting edge methods are applied to a variety of systems, including complex fluids and biomolecular systems, for visualizing their structure and dynamics, in space and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. Progress in nanoscale photonic imaging in Göttingen has been the sum total of more than a decade of work by a wide range of scientists and mathematicians across disciplines, working together in a vibrant collaboration of a kind rarely matched. This volume presents the highlights of their research achievements and serves as a record of the unique and remarkable constellation of contributors, as well as looking ahead at the future prospects in this field. It will serve not only as a useful reference for experienced researchers but also as a valuable point of entry for newcomers.
Download or read book Coherent X Ray Optics written by David Paganin and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2006-01-12 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray optics is undergoing a renaissance, which may be paralleled to that experienced by visible-light optics following the invention of the laser. The associated surge of activity in "coherent" x-ray optics has been documented in this monograph, the first of its type in the field.
Download or read book Handbook of X ray Imaging written by Paolo Russo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 1477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing chapter contributions from over 130 experts, this unique publication is the first handbook dedicated to the physics and technology of X-ray imaging, offering extensive coverage of the field. This highly comprehensive work is edited by one of the world’s leading experts in X-ray imaging physics and technology and has been created with guidance from a Scientific Board containing respected and renowned scientists from around the world. The book's scope includes 2D and 3D X-ray imaging techniques from soft-X-ray to megavoltage energies, including computed tomography, fluoroscopy, dental imaging and small animal imaging, with several chapters dedicated to breast imaging techniques. 2D and 3D industrial imaging is incorporated, including imaging of artworks. Specific attention is dedicated to techniques of phase contrast X-ray imaging. The approach undertaken is one that illustrates the theory as well as the techniques and the devices routinely used in the various fields. Computational aspects are fully covered, including 3D reconstruction algorithms, hard/software phantoms, and computer-aided diagnosis. Theories of image quality are fully illustrated. Historical, radioprotection, radiation dosimetry, quality assurance and educational aspects are also covered. This handbook will be suitable for a very broad audience, including graduate students in medical physics and biomedical engineering; medical physics residents; radiographers; physicists and engineers in the field of imaging and non-destructive industrial testing using X-rays; and scientists interested in understanding and using X-ray imaging techniques. The handbook's editor, Dr. Paolo Russo, has over 30 years’ experience in the academic teaching of medical physics and X-ray imaging research. He has authored several book chapters in the field of X-ray imaging, is Editor-in-Chief of an international scientific journal in medical physics, and has responsibilities in the publication committees of international scientific organizations in medical physics. Features: Comprehensive coverage of the use of X-rays both in medical radiology and industrial testing The first handbook published to be dedicated to the physics and technology of X-rays Handbook edited by world authority, with contributions from experts in each field
Download or read book Fourier Ptychographic Imaging written by Guoan Zheng and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book demonstrates the concept of Fourier ptychography, a new imaging technique that bypasses the resolution limit of the employed optics. In particular, it transforms the general challenge of high-throughput, high-resolution imaging from one that is coupled to the physical limitations of the optics to one that is solvable through computation. Demonstrated in a tutorial form and providing many MATLAB® simulation examples for the reader, it also discusses the experimental implementation and recent developments of Fourier ptychography. This book will be of interest to researchers and engineers learning simulation techniques for Fourier optics and the Fourier ptychography concept.
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Microscopy written by Peter W. Hawkes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-02 with total page 1561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features reviews by leading experts on the methods and applications of modern forms of microscopy. The recent awards of Nobel Prizes awarded for super-resolution optical microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy have demonstrated the rich scientific opportunities for research in novel microscopies. Earlier Nobel Prizes for electron microscopy (the instrument itself and applications to biology), scanning probe microscopy and holography are a reminder of the central role of microscopy in modern science, from the study of nanostructures in materials science, physics and chemistry to structural biology. Separate chapters are devoted to confocal, fluorescent and related novel optical microscopies, coherent diffractive imaging, scanning probe microscopy, transmission electron microscopy in all its modes from aberration corrected and analytical to in-situ and time-resolved, low energy electron microscopy, photoelectron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy in biology, and also ion microscopy. In addition to serving as an essential reference for researchers and teachers in the fields such as materials science, condensed matter physics, solid-state chemistry, structural biology and the molecular sciences generally, the Springer Handbook of Microscopy is a unified, coherent and pedagogically attractive text for advanced students who need an authoritative yet accessible guide to the science and practice of microscopy.
